The document discusses the history and development of community health nursing in India from ancient to modern times. It covers major periods and events, including the establishment of Ayurveda and other traditional medical systems in ancient India, the introduction of modern nursing practices by the British during colonial rule, and the development of public health programs and nursing education post-independence through committees and five-year plans. Key events that shaped community health nursing in each period are highlighted.

1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING IN INDIA
Presented by
Iqra Zeenat
B.Sc,DNA, M.Sc
Community Health Nursing
SKIMS Srinagar

2. HISTORY OF COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSING
ANCIENT
PERIOD
PRE
INDEPENDE
NCE PERIOD
POST
INDEPENDE
NCE PERIOD

3. ANCIENT PERIOD
VEDIC PERIOD:
• Ayurveda and Siddha Systems of medicine came into
existence which suggested development of comprehensive
concept of health.
• Ayurveda practiced throughout the India but the Siddha
system is practiced in tamilnadu.

4. DHANVANTHRI GOD
• Hindu god of medicine
is said to have been
born as a result of the
churning of oceans
during a “tug of war”
between gods and
demons.

5. ATREYA
• Atreya (about 800 b.
c) is acknowledged as
the first great Indian
physician and teacher.
• He lived in the
ancient university of
takshashila.

6. CHARAKA
• Charaka compiled his famous
treatise on medicine, the
“charaka samhita”.
• He explained about 500 drugs.
• He was a first physician to
explain the concept of
digestion, metabolism, immunity,
genetics and drugs.

7. SHUSRUTA
• Father of Indian surgery
• Written “shusruta samhita”
• Performed so many surgeries in
ancient India eg. Amputation,
tumor extraction, hernia repair
and plastic surgery etc.
• British physicians learned
rhinoplasty from Indian
surgeons.

8. KING ASHOKA
• King Ashoka and other
Buddhist kings
established Ayurveda
hospitals and schools of
medicine in India.
• King Ashoka
patronized Ayurveda as
state medicine.

9. MEDICAL EDUCATION
NALANDA UNIVERSITY TAKSHASHILA
UNIVERSITY

10. MOHENJO DARO

11. HARAPPA

12. MUGHAL PERIOD
• Introduced unani
system of medicine.
• Ayurveda started to
decline.
• Exchange of thoughts
and experience between
the Hindu, Arab,
Persians, Greek and
Jewish scholars.

13. PRE INDEPENDENCE ERA
• Homeopathy was
introduced by Samuel
Hahnemann during 1810-
1839.
• India claims to have the
largest number of
practitioners of
homeopathy medicine in the
world.

14. MILITARY NURSING
• 1664 : EAST INDIA
COMPANY STARTED
HOSPITAL FOR
SOLDIERS IN A
HOUSE AT FORT. ST.
GEORGE, MADRAS.

15. BRITISH PERIOD
• The first real development of modern public
health in India took place in 1859 when the
administration of India was taken over from
east India company by the crown.
• British soldiers were died because of
poor sanitation conditions.

16. ROYAL COMMISSION
1859:
• A Royal Commission was appointed in
India to investigate the causes of
unhealthy conditions prevailing in British
Army stationed in India .
• This commission recommended that there
was a need in each presidency to protect
the water supply, construction of drains
and prevention of epidemics in civil
population.

17. FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
• Florence nightingale studied
the public health conditions in
India and suggested the
preventive measures for it.
• She suggested the measures
for the welfare of the army.
• She suggested the system of
nursing for hospitals in India.
• She motivated to start the
nursing training schools in India

18. MADRAS
1871:
• FIRST NURSING TRAINING
SCHOOL STARTED IN GOVT.
GENERAL HOSPITAL, MADRAS.
• SEPARATE CLINICAL
FACILITIES FOR WOUNDED
SOLDIERS IN ST.GEORGE
FORT.

19. CHRISTIAN MISSION
HOSPITALS
• During 1874 – 90 the Christian Mission
Hospitals in India started training
courses for nurses.
• The Roman Catholic Nuns served
as nurses in many Govt.Hospitals in
India as well as in Hospitals run by
religious orders.

20. SCHOOL OF NURSING
• FIRST SCHOOL OF
NURSING ESTABLISHED
IN ST. STEPHENS
HOSPITAL, NEW DELHI.
• 1890 – 1900 SO MANY
NURSING SCHOOLS
ESTABLISHED BY THE
GOVERNMENT AND
MISSION HOSPITALS.

21. • 1881
– First Indian Factories Act was passed
and First All India Census was taken.
• 1885
– Local self Government Act was passed.
• 1888
– Government directed that local bodies
should be responsible for sanitation.

22. 1930
• At Calcutta ,an All India Institute of Hygiene and
Public Health was established with aid from the
Rockefeller.
1931
• A Maternal Child Welfare Bureau was established
by IRC Society.
1935
• All the health activities in the country were
grouped as under the control of
• (a)Central (b)Central cum provincial (c) Provincial
government

23. • 1937
– A Central Advisory Board of health
was set up.
• 1939
– Madras Public Health Act was
passed.
– Rural Health Training Centre at
Singur near Calcutta(Rockefeller
Foundation)
• 1940
– The Drugs Act was passed.

24. TUBERCULOSIS
ASSOCIATION OF INDIA
• 1939:
• Tuberculosis
association of India
is started to control
the tuberculosis
burden in the
country.

25. B.SC NURSING COURSES
• Nursing colleges
established in
c.m.c Vellore and
RAK college in
Delhi to provide
degree in nursing.

26. BHORE COMMITTEE
• 1943
– A health survey and
development
committee (Bhore
Committee) was
appointed under the
chairman of sir. Joseph
Bhore .
• 1946
– Bhore Committees
report was submitted.

27. INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL
• INDIAN NURSING
COUNCIL IS
STARTED TO SET
THE NURSING
STANDARD IN
INDIA.

28. POST INDEPENDENDENCE
ERA

29. CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT
• The national government
took up the responsibility
of improving health of
people with the Bhore
committee’s report.
• Ministry of health was
established at Central and
State level

30. 1948:
– India joined as a member of WHO.
– ESI Act was passed
– Environment Hygiene Committee
was published.
1950:
– Planning Commission was set up in
India.
– Central Food Technological Institute
was established.

31. 1951
• First Five Year Plan began.
• BCG Vaccination programme was launched.
• Central Drug Research Institute was
opened at Lucknow.
1952
• Central council of health was statutorily
constituted with Union minister of health as
chairman and health Minister of states as
members.

32. 1953:
• Model Public Health Act Committee was
appointed.
• National Malaria Control Programme was
initiated.
• National Smallpox Eradication Programme was
started.
• Family Planning Programme began, Family
Planning Research and Programme was set up.

33. 1954:
⚫ Contributory Health Services Scheme was
initiated in Delhi.
⚫ Central Social Welfare board was setup
⚫ National water supply and sanitation
scheme was inaugurated.
⚫ National Leprosy Control Programme was
started.
⚫ VDRL antigen production was setup.
⚫ Food Adulteration Act was passed.

34. 1955:
• National Filiria Control Programme was started.
• Central Research Centre and Central Leprosy
Training was established in TN.
• National TB Survey Commenced.
1956
• Second Five Year plan began.
• Central Health education bureau was
established.
• Director of Family Planning was established.
• Chemotherapy centre started at Madras

35. 1958
• NMCP waschanged to NMEP.
1959
• Mudaliar Committee was
appointed.
• Rajasthan was first state to
introduce Panchayat Raj
• National TB Institute at
Bangalore was established.

36. • 1960
• School Health Committee was formed.
• 1961
• 3rd
Five Year Plan was launched.
• 1962
• Central Family Planning Institute was
established in New Delhi.
• National Smallpox eradication Programme,
National Goitre Control Programme,
National School Health Programme and
district TB control programme was
established.

37. • 1963
• Applied Nutrition Programme started.
• NICD established.
• National Trachoma control
programme was started.
• 1965
• IUCD was introduced
• Direct BCG vaccination programme
without tuberculin tests was
introduced.