Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition that is a common cause of hypothyroidism.
In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the body mounts an immune reaction against its own thyroid gland tissue, leading to inflammation of the gland (thyroiditis).
Thyroid gland is an endocrine gland. It secretes triiodothyronine (T3) and its prohormone, thyroxine (T4).
These hormones act on the basic metabolic rate, protein synthesis etc.
its all about thyroid gland,functions of thyroid gland,disorders of thyroid gland,signs and symptoms and medications.hope it will be useful for you.thank you,
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition that is a common cause of hypothyroidism.
In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the body mounts an immune reaction against its own thyroid gland tissue, leading to inflammation of the gland (thyroiditis).
Thyroid gland is an endocrine gland. It secretes triiodothyronine (T3) and its prohormone, thyroxine (T4).
These hormones act on the basic metabolic rate, protein synthesis etc.
its all about thyroid gland,functions of thyroid gland,disorders of thyroid gland,signs and symptoms and medications.hope it will be useful for you.thank you,
in this presentation lecture we gone take a hypo and hyper thyrodism that affect the human cell because both situation may increase or decrease the basal metabolic rate.
Hypothyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone to meet the body’s needs.
Hyperthyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormone than the body needs.
The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating how your body uses energy.The thyroid also produces hormones critical to proper cell and system functioning. The Thyroid Panel screens for thyroid disease, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism by examining your body’s production of the thyroid hormones TSH, T3 and T4.
Effective treatment for hyperthyroidism in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chemb...Shewta shetty
"Hypothyroidism-decreased secretion of thyroid hormone is called hypothyroidism. Excessive tiredness and sleepiness are some of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism being a constitutional disease requires a constitutional approach in its treatment. Mindheal homeopathy deals with the constitutional treatment of hypothyroidism."/>
in this presentation lecture we gone take a hypo and hyper thyrodism that affect the human cell because both situation may increase or decrease the basal metabolic rate.
Hypothyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone to meet the body’s needs.
Hyperthyroidism is a disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormone than the body needs.
The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating how your body uses energy.The thyroid also produces hormones critical to proper cell and system functioning. The Thyroid Panel screens for thyroid disease, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism by examining your body’s production of the thyroid hormones TSH, T3 and T4.
Effective treatment for hyperthyroidism in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chemb...Shewta shetty
"Hypothyroidism-decreased secretion of thyroid hormone is called hypothyroidism. Excessive tiredness and sleepiness are some of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism being a constitutional disease requires a constitutional approach in its treatment. Mindheal homeopathy deals with the constitutional treatment of hypothyroidism."/>
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
2. Introduction
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a prevalent reason for hypothyroidism and is
characterized as an autoimmune ailment. This condition involves the
body's immune system attacking the thyroid gland tissue, leading to
inflammation of the gland (thyroiditis). The thyroid gland is an endocrine
gland that secretes thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which play
vital roles in regulating basic metabolic rate, protein synthesis, and other
bodily functions. This condition was named after Dr. Hakaru Hashimoto,
who first described it in 1912.
Presentation title 2
3. Epidemiolog
y
In the United States, Hashimoto's
thyroiditis is the leading cause of
hypothyroidism. It is an autoimmune
disease with an estimated
prevalence in pediatrics of 1–2%. It
occurs more often in women than in
men, which may be related to
hormonal factors. The risk for
women is about 10 times higher
than for men.
4. Causes
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is categorized
as an autoimmune disorder, wherein
the body mistakenly perceives the
thyroid gland as foreign tissue and
attacks it. The root cause of this
autoimmune reaction is yet to be
determined, although it is known to
run in families. Those diagnosed with
Hashimoto's thyroiditis typically exhibit
elevated levels of antibodies against
thyroid-specific proteins, such as
thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin, in
Presentation title 4
6. Signs & Symptoms
• The signs and symptoms of
Hashimoto's thyroiditis are similar to
those of hypothyroidism and tend to
be mild and non-specific, making
them easily mistaken for signs of
aging or other medical conditions. As
the condition progresses, symptoms
become more apparent. The majority
of complaints reported by patients are
related to a decrease in metabolic
activity in the body.
6
7. • Common symptoms and signs
of Hashimoto's thyroiditis
include: – Fatigue –
Depression – Modest weight
gain – Cold intolerance –
Excessive sleepiness – Dry,
coarse hair – Constipation –
Dry skin – Muscle cramps
• – Increased cholesterol levels
– Decreased concentration –
Vague aches and pain –
Swelling of legs • As
hypothyroidism becomes more
severe, there may be: –
puffiness around the eyes, – a
slowing of the heart rate, – a
drop in body temperature, –
and heart failure.
• Severe hypothyroidism can
potentially result in myxedema
coma, a life-threatening
condition that requires
immediate hospitalization and
treatment with thyroid
hormone. If left untreated,
hypothyroidism can lead to
several complications,
including cardiomyopathy
(enlarged heart), worsening
heart failure, as well as pleural
or pericardial effusions (fluid
buildup around the lungs or
heart, respectively).
Presentation title 7
8. Individuals diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis may initially
undergo a hyperthyroid phase, known as hashitoxicosis, in
which an excessive amount of thyroid hormone is released due
to the destruction of the gland. Other symptoms may include
swelling of the thyroid gland and difficulty in swallowing solids
or liquids.
9. Diagnosis
To diagnose Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a physician
typically evaluates the patient's symptoms and
complaints, which are usually indicative of
hypothyroidism. They also conduct a thorough
examination of the neck to check for any enlargement
of the thyroid gland and take a detailed family history.
Blood tests are essential for diagnosing this condition.
In cases of chronic hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone
levels decrease, leading to an increase in the level of
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
9
10. Treatment
Unfortunately, there is currently no known cure for
Hashimoto's thyroiditis. However, the symptoms
caused by the absolute or relative lack of
hormones as a result of the condition can be
alleviated through thyroid hormone replacement
medication, which replaces the hormones that the
thyroid produced before the inflammation began.
Synthetic T4 or thyroxine (levothyroxine) is typically
the preferred treatment for Hashimoto's thyroiditis,
and common brand names for this medication
include Synthroid, Levothroid, and Levoxyl. The
dosage of levothyroxine may need to be adjusted
after yearly TSH level checks. It's important to note
that since Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune
condition where the body attacks its own tissue,
there is no known method of prevention.
Presentation title 10
11. Presentation title 11
Severe gingivitis
Periodontitis
Oral Lichen Planus
Xerostomia
Delayed Wound Healing
Oral
Manifestation
12. Presentation title 12
• Establish a dental home
• Toothpaste / Mouth rinse
formulated for Dry mouth
• Xylitol
• Consult the PCP/Endocrinology
Dental Team
13. Reference
• James Hennessey, Leonard Wartofsky, Hashimoto’s Disease, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Volume 92,
Issue 7, 1 July 2007, Page E1, https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem.92.7.9995
• Li D, Li J, Li C, Chen Q, Hua H. The Association of Thyroid Disease and Oral Lichen Planus: A Literature Review and Meta-
analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Nov 9;8:310. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00310. PMID: 29170653; PMCID:
PMC5684121.
• Aldulaijan HA, Cohen RE, Stellrecht EM, Levine MJ, Yerke LM. Relationship between hypothyroidism and periodontitis: A
scoping review. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2020 Feb;6(1):147-157. doi: 10.1002/cre2.247. Epub 2019 Sep 26. PMID: 32067402;
PMCID: PMC7025985.
• Chandna S, Bathla M. Oral manifestations of thyroid disorders and its management. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2011
Jul;15(Suppl 2):S113-6. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.83343. PMID: 21966646; PMCID: PMC3169868.
• Natori J, Shimizu K, Nagahama M, Tanaka S. The influence of hypothyroidism on wound healing. An experimental study.
Nihon Ika Daigaku Zasshi. 1999 Jun;66(3):176-80. doi: 10.1272/jnms.66.176. PMID: 10401234.
13
It is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body
inappropriately attacks the thyroid gland - as if it was
foreign tissue.
• The underlying cause of the autoimmune process
remains unknown.
• Tends to occur in families.
• Hashimoto's often starts in adulthood.
• Blood drawn from people with Hashimoto's thyroiditis
typically reveals an increased number of antibodies
against thyroid-specific proteins, including
Thyro-peroxidase and thyroglobulin.
It is an autoimmune disease, which means that the body
inappropriately attacks the thyroid gland - as if it was
Normal thyroid ---- diseased thyroid
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS • Symptoms and signs of Hashimoto's thyroiditis resemble those of hypothyroidism generally and are often subtle. • They are not specific (which means they can mimic the symptoms of many other conditions) and are often attributed to aging. • Symptoms generally become more obvious as the condition worsens. • The majority of these complaints are related to a metabolic slowing of the body
Signs of Hypothyroidism
M-Memory loss
O-Obesity
M-Malar flush/Menorrhagia
S-Slowness (mentally and physically)
S-Skin and hair dryness
O-Onset gradual
T-Tiredness
I-Intolerance to cold
R-Really low BP
E-Energy levels fall
D-Depression/Delayed relaxation of reflexes
To diagnose Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a physician should assess: – symptoms and complaints commonly seen in hypothyroidism, – carefully examine the neck to look for enlargement of the thyroid gland, – and take a detailed history of family members. • Blood tests are essential to diagnose Hashimoto's thyroiditis. • With chronic hypothyroidism, the thyroid hormone levels fall, and the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) becomes high.
The most useful assay for determining thyroid status is measurement of TSH in the blood. • The increase in TSH can actually precede the fall of thyroid hormone to low levels by months or years. • So the first sign of hypothyroidism may be an elevated TSH level even when levels of thyroid hormones are normal. •
The blood work mentioned above confirms the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, but does not point to an underlying cause.
The combination of the patient's clinical history, antibody screening, and a thyroid scan can help diagnose the precise underlying thyroid problem. • The blood tests also usually include an analysis of antibodies (anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies) to aid diagnosis. • If the anti-TPO antibodies are elevated at all, the diagnosis is made.
There is no known cure for Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• Thyroid hormone medication can replace the hormones
the thyroid made before the inflammation started.
• Replacing one or both of these hormones can alleviate
the symptoms caused by the absolute or relative lack of
hormones as a consequence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• The treatment of choice for Hashimoto's thyroiditis is
typically synthetic T4 or thyroxine (levothyroxine).
• Brand names for this medication include Synthroid,
Levothroid and Levoxyl.
• The dosage of levothyroxine may need to be modified
after checking TSH levels once yearly.
Most people with Hashimoto’s have some degree of intestinal permeability, ( leaky gut ) and because the mouth is part of the GI tract, they are more prone to oral health issues, including gum disease, dry mouth, cavities, inflammation, and infection.
Our teeth, gums, tongue, and throat are so important to our overall health, and this is especially true for people with Hashimoto’s, who are particularly vulnerable to infections. For us, dental procedures, infections, and fillings (just to name a few), could ignite an autoimmune disease!
The prevalence of HT in patients with OLP is considerably higher than that in the common population, suggesting a correlation between OLP and HT
Thyroid disease can lead to homeostatic imbalance in the body, which affects the healing abilities of tissue. Thyroid disease has not been linked to periodontal disease officially yet, but there are numerous case studies that have shown a strong correlation between the two
Colgate’s new Hydris mouth rinse and toothpaste have helped many dry mouth sufferers. Xylitol products are also great for patients who have oral manifestations of thyroid disease, such as caries and xerostomia.
Colgate’s new Hydris mouth rinse and toothpaste have helped many dry mouth sufferers. Xylitol products are also great for patients who have oral manifestations of thyroid disease, such as caries and xerostomia.
uncontrolled and/or undiagnosed thyroid disease with gingival inflammation and fast progression of caries
