The document discusses guidance and supervision in education. It defines guidance as a continuous process of helping individuals reach their full potential in a way that benefits themselves and society. Supervision involves overseeing subordinates' work to ensure plans and policies are followed and helping solve problems. The key aspects, principles, objectives, and types of guidance and supervision in educational settings are examined.

3. INTRODUCTION
Guidance and counseling have, in all
places, been a vital aspect of higher
education. One of the purpose of education
is to help the individual in becoming a
useful member of society.

4. Guide
means
To
indicate
To
pointout
To lead
To
direct
To
seek
To show
the way

5. DEFINITION OF GUIDANCE
According to EMERY STOOPS, “Guidance
is continuous processes of helping the
individual develop to the maximus of their
capacity in the direction most beneficial to
himself and to society.”

6. According to SKINNER, “Guidance is a
process of helping young persons learns to
adjust to self, to others and to
circumstances.”.

7. ELEMENTS OF GUIDANCE
 Guidance focuses on attention on the
individual and not the problem.
 Its leads to the discovery of abilities of
individual.
 It is based upon the limitations of an
individual.

8.  It leads to self-development and self
direction.
 It help the individual to plan wisely for
the present and future.
 It assists the individual to become
adjusted to the environment.
 It assists ti achieve success and happiness.

9. CHARACTERISTICS OF GUIDANCE
 Guidance is a process, it helps every individual
to help himself.
 Guidance is a continous process.
 Guidance is assistance to the individual in the
process of development rather than a direction of
that development.
 Guidance is bith generalized and a specialized
service.

10. PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE
Guidance services which are aimed at
bringing about desirable adjustment.
Guidance service should not be limited.
Guidance touches every phase of
individual’s life pattern
Guidance service should be flexible.

11.  Guidance is a slow process.
Guidance is developing the insights of an
individual.
Guidance is universal and meant for all.
Guidance is based on educational objective.

12. TYPES OF GUIDANCE
GUIDANCE
EDUCATIONAL
GUIDANCE
VOCATIONAL
GUIDANCE
PERSONAL
GUIDANCE
SOCIAL
GUIDANCE

13. NEEDS OF GUIDANCE
Complex nature of society.
Individual difference.
Welfare state and the individual.
Changed industrial and educational pattern
of the country.
Changed economic patterns of the country.
Conservation of human energy.

15. INTRODUCTION
Supervision is one of the very important
elements and essential component of
staffing. Supervision involves the
management, direction and leadership of
employees. It operates in all function of
administration, i.e, planning, organizing,
leading, educating and staffing.

16. MEANING OF SUPERVISION
The word supervision is derived from two latin
words, ‘SUPER’ means ‘ABOVE’ and
‘VISION’ means ‘SEE’, meaning overseeing or
superintending the work of others.
Supervision has been defined as ‘overseeing’,
as higher vision.

17. DEFINITION OF SUPERVISION
According to TERRY, “ The supervision is
observing the subordinates at work to ensure that
they are working according to plans and policies
of the organization and to help them solving the
problems.”

18. According to DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH-
1993, “ Supervision is the central to the process
of learning and to the scope of professional
practice and should be seen as a means of
encouraging self assessment and analytical and
reflective skills.”

19. OBJECTIVES OF SUPERVISION
There are two types of objectives:
1. Main objective
2. Specific objective

20. MAIN OBJECTIVES
 To see that a particular work or a task is
being done in the expected manner.
 To promote continuing improvement in the
performance of nurses.

21. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
 To motivate the staff.
 To guide the individual.
 To promote team work.
 To evaluate the quality of nursing care.

22. PURPOSES OF SUPERVISION
 Getting the work done in an organization.
 Observing, assessing, checking and
amending.
 Improvement of staff efforts individually and
collectively.
 Self direction.
 Sense of security and confidence.
 Help in solving problem.
 Tram work.

23. FUNCTION OF SUPERVISION
ADMINISTRATIVE
TEACHING
LINKING
HELPING
EVALUATION

24. PRINCIPLES OF SUPERVISION
 The subordinates must always understand clearly
what is expected of them.
 It should be focused on attainment of the goal.
 It strives to make nursing unit a good learning
situation and consider supervision as a teaching
learning process.

25. It should be well planned.
It fosters the ability of each staff.
They should be helped to set up and attain
objectives.
It should ensure staff development.

26. TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE
SUPERVISION
 Don’t over burden a staff.
 Don’t exert undue pressure.
 Give autonomy to staff depending upon
personality.
 Provide good leadership.

27. Ensure good planning, organizing and
coordination.
Encourage staff in decision making.
Understand situation and the problem.
Motivate the subordinates.
Provide necessary counselling, guidance and
training to staff.

28. STEPS FOR SUPERVISION
PREPARATION
• Having knowledge regarding relevant problem.
• Assess the performance of individual.
• Study the hospital policy, routine, rules regulation, etc
• All activities and task should be supervisied.
• Prepare checklist for observation.
AUTUAL
SUPERVISIN
• Establish contact with subordinates, clients and other team
members.
• Review the objectives with subordinates.
• Review job description.
• Observe nursing staff.
• Observe the performances of the staff in all tasks.
• Reporting to health team.
FOLLOW UP
OF
SUPERVISIO
N
• Prepare a repot of observing made during supervision.
• Plan for follow up actins.

29. QUALITIES OF A GOOD
SUPERVISION
INTERPERSONAL SKILLS
PROFESSIONALAND
TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
THOROUGHNESS
FAIRNESS
EMOTIONALLY MATURE
TEACHING ABILITIES
GENERAL OUTLOOK
POSITIVE ATTITUDE

30. CATEGORIES OF SUPERVISION
CLINICAL
SUPERVISION
MANAGERIAL
SUPERVISION
PROFESSIONAL
SUPERVISION
PERSONAL
SUPERVISION
It is about maintaining an effective
balance between the various demand on
the heath care practitioners.
It is focus on balancing a weekly
workload, administrative procedures,
meetings, planning, etc
This links in which staff
interpersonal issues, job pressure,
motivation, team issues.
This is a type of supervision where
by the nurse supervisor reflects her
role as a professional.