This document defines supervision and outlines its objectives, needs, functions, principles, qualities of a good supervisor, and techniques. Supervision involves overseeing the work of subordinates and providing direction, teaching, and evaluation. The main objectives of supervision are to deliver high quality services, develop staff potential, interpret policies, plan services, develop standards, and assist with problem solving. Effective supervision depends on the quality of work and supervision ratio. Key functions include administrative, teaching, helping, linking, and evaluation roles. Good supervision makes the work environment a learning situation and helps individuals set and achieve objectives. Qualities of a good supervisor include thoroughness, fairness, and teaching ability. Common supervision techniques are observation, conferences, checklists, reports,

1. SUPERVISION

2. Meaning
The word is derived from two words super
means ‘above’ & video means ‘I see’. In
other words, over seeing (or)
superindenting the work of others.

3. Definition
1. It is defined as the authoritative direction
of the work of one’s subordinates. It is
based on their hierachial organization in
which each level of subordinate to the one
immidiately above it and subject to its
orders.
-Basavanthappa

4. 2. Supervision is defined as a cooperative
relationship between a leader and one or
more persons to accomplish a particular
purpose.
- Lambertson
3. Supervision is a kind of teaching which
involves, advising, helping, inspiring
leading and liberating.
- Jean Barrett.

5. Objectives of supervision
1. To persist in the delivery of high quality
of health care services.
2. To assist and to help in the development
of staff to their highest potential.
3. To interpret the policies, objective, needs
etc.

6. 4. To plan services cooperatively and to
develop coordination to avoid overlapping.
5. To develop standards of service and
method of evaluation of personnel and
services.
6. To assist in problem solving of the
matters concerning personnel,
administrative and operation of services.
7. To evaluate the services given.

7. Needs for supervision in directing
• The effectiveness of the workers depends
on the quality of work is directly related to
the degree of supervision.
• Intensity of supervision should also
depend on supervisors and supervision
ratio.
• Establish span of control.

8. Functions of supervision
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Administrative function.
Teaching.
Helping.
Linking.
Evaluation.

9. Functions of supervision in directing
• Orientation of newly posted staff
• Assessment of the workload of individuals
and groups
• Arranging for the flow of materials
• Coordination of efforts
• Promotion of effectiveness of workers
and social contact.

10. •
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Helping the individuals to cope
Facilitating the flow of communication.
Raising the level of motivation
Establishment of control
Development of confidence
Emphasis on achievement
Record keeping

11. Principles
• Supervision strives to make the ward a
good learning situation.
• Supervision of graduate staff nurses
differs from that of students in general
respect.
• Good supervision is well planned.
Objectives, methods of supervision and
criteria for judging.

12. • Good supervision helps the individual
nurse set up objectives.
• It helps her to attain her objectives. It
stimulates her interest and effort.
• It helps the nurse to make a pattern for
analysis and to analyze continuously her
success in reaching her objectives.

13. Qualities of good supervisor
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Thoroughness
Fairness
Initiative
Tact
Enthusiasm
Emotional control
Personal qualification

14. • Teaching ability
• General outlook
• Skill, knowledge and attitude required for
supervision
- Interpersonal & professional skills
- Professional and technical knowledge
- Attitude

15. Techniques and tools for supervision
Common techniques are:
1. Observation
2. Supervisory rounds
3. Individual and group conferences
4. Chick list
5. Rating scales
6. Written policies, printed manuals,
bulletin records etc.

16. 7. Reports written or verbal
8. Records including anecdotal records
9. Follow-up visits and evaluation
10. Staff meeting
11. In-service education