Guheswori Waste Water Treatment Plant,
P963+FXH, Bagmati Rd, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
Guheshwori waste water treatment plant is located at the bank of the Bagmati
River on the northeastern part of Kathmandu City. It is constructed at the initiative
of the government to clean up the Bagmati River.But it is managed by nongovernment organization “VA Tech WayBag LIMITED”. The plant treats the
untreated wastewater generated by the household, industries and other institutions
of Gaurighat,Gokarna,Chabahil, Bouddha and Kharibot.
The main aim of the guheswori waste water treatment plant are:
1. To improve quality of wastewater
2. Elimination of pollutants, toxicants and many such
3. Preservation of water quality of natural water resources
4. To make wastewater usable for other purposes
5. Prevention of harmful diseases
Management of Urban Water Supply and Sewerage System
Introduction to Decentralized Sanitation Systems and Fecal Sludge Management / Faecal sludge management Value Chain
This Presentation deals with Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Solid waste Sample, with Importance of every characteristic in the field of Solid Waste Management
Management of Urban Water Supply and Sewerage System
Introduction to Decentralized Sanitation Systems and Fecal Sludge Management / Faecal sludge management Value Chain
This Presentation deals with Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Solid waste Sample, with Importance of every characteristic in the field of Solid Waste Management
This is the presentation at an international conference, ICOMACE at KGRCET, Hyderabad.. the title of the paper is design of domestic sewage treatment plant for a growing town Ulavapadu, Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Sewage Treatment Plant Treatment For WastewaterKaleem
In this presentation you seen how sewage treatment plant work and its processes. In this presentation we covered all process of sewage treatment plant. If you have any doubt then you can visit web portal of tradeindia and get all details from there.
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This content is benificial for the research and development purposes. Students and research scholars who they are eager to search for the conventional waste water treatment methods are look here.
Sanitary Landfill:
A method of disposing of solid waste on land without creating nuisances or hazards to public health or safety, by utilizing the principles of engineering to confine the solid waste to the smallest practical area, to reduce it to the smallest practical volume, and to cover it with a layer of earth at the conclusion of each day's operation or at more frequent intervals as may be necessary.
internship report on performance of sewage treatment plantAshok Devasani
the report presents a clear description about the performance of 30 MLD sewage treatment plant located in the vicinity of Hyderabad. it also provides a general information of the different sewage treatment process
This is the presentation at an international conference, ICOMACE at KGRCET, Hyderabad.. the title of the paper is design of domestic sewage treatment plant for a growing town Ulavapadu, Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Sewage Treatment Plant Treatment For WastewaterKaleem
In this presentation you seen how sewage treatment plant work and its processes. In this presentation we covered all process of sewage treatment plant. If you have any doubt then you can visit web portal of tradeindia and get all details from there.
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This content is benificial for the research and development purposes. Students and research scholars who they are eager to search for the conventional waste water treatment methods are look here.
Sanitary Landfill:
A method of disposing of solid waste on land without creating nuisances or hazards to public health or safety, by utilizing the principles of engineering to confine the solid waste to the smallest practical area, to reduce it to the smallest practical volume, and to cover it with a layer of earth at the conclusion of each day's operation or at more frequent intervals as may be necessary.
internship report on performance of sewage treatment plantAshok Devasani
the report presents a clear description about the performance of 30 MLD sewage treatment plant located in the vicinity of Hyderabad. it also provides a general information of the different sewage treatment process
Designed For Combined Common Effluent Treatment Plant Of Tarapur Midcvivatechijri
The population growth in India is immense. Accordingly, the water supply amount is enormous which,
in return generates large amounts of wastewater. One such region is the Palghar Boisar region whose population
growth according to calculations will sky rocket. But the amount of sewage treatment plants present is only one for
a particular area. So, to combat this we decided to construct another Sewage treatment plant per another area. In
this project we will discuss the population growth of the region, design parameters, the method selection for
design, introduction and the complete design of a sewage treatment plant for Tarapur MIDC. The treatment
procedure has been developed to treat sewage and reuse the water for various purposes like water to gardening,
toilet flushing, farming and other requirements for Sewage treatment plant, Tarapur MIDC.
WASTE water treatment project........ Wastewater treatment is a process used to convert dirty wastewater into an effluent that can be returned to the water cycle with minimum impact on the environment, or directly reused. The latter is called water reclamation because treated wastewater can then be used for other purposes. The treatment process takes place in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), often referred to as a Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) or a sewage treatment plant. Pollutants in municipal wastewater (households and small industries) are removed or broken down.
The treatment of wastewater is part of the overarching field of sanitation. Sanitation also includes the management of human waste and solid waste as well as stormwater (drainage) management.[1] By-products from wastewater treatment plants, such as screenings, grit and sewage sludge may also be treated in a wastewater treatment plant.[2]:Ch.14
Describe the conventional Liquid phase (waste water treatment) treat.pdfakukukkusarees
Describe the construction of a variable voltage divider.
Solution
A variable voltage divider can be constructed using a voltage source ,a resistor and a variable
resistor. let the resister and a variable resister be R and X respectively. And a voltage source V.
According to Ohm\'s law, V=IR implies that, Voltage is directly proportional to the resistance,
hence if resisters are connected in series, voltage is divided across the resisters direct
proportionally.
Hence, connecting R and X in series with voltage source V, we have..
VR=IR and VX=IX,
where, I is the current flowing in the circuit, VR is the voltage across resistance R and VX is the
voltage across variable resistance X.
Hence , voltage V is divided into VR and VX depending upon the variable resistance X
according to the following equation
VX/VR=X/R,
Hence , by varying X we can divide voltage V accordingly....
Wastewater treatment by vermi filtration technologyvivatechijri
Vermifiltration units are sludge-free, noise-free and low- or no-electricity-requiring systems of
operation. The aim of this study was to emphasize wastewater treatment by vermifiltration technology using
waste-eater earthworms to highlight the benefits of clean and nutritive vermifiltered water (vermiaqua) uses in
agriculture to the farmers. They work on natural capacity of earthworms to treat wastewater from different
sources. In view of rising concern about pollution of water bodies due to discharge of waste in them, it is
necessary to initiate alternative thinking as conventional methods through STPs (Sewage treatment Plants) have
had limited success. In recent years the application of specifically designed filtration based technology
(popularly known as Vermifiltration technology) for treatment of wastewater municipal, urban and agricultural,
is becoming widely acceptable. It treats the wastewater in natural manner without the use of chemicals. In
short, Vermifiltration technology is an improved filtration system for treatment of wastewater. The main
objective of present research work is to provide and popularize a simple, feasible, practically sound, ecofriendly and cost effective technology for wastewater treatment. Vermifiltration technology is such a type of
system, which reduces the impact of sewage and converts into useful water for gardening and irrigation
purpose.
Details ppt on Effluent Treatment Plant or ETP for M Pharm.
In this Presentation we discuss about defination , design , need , Mechanism and many more important things related to ETP.
Share it with your friends.
Thank You.
Industrial waste water purification procedurepasindulaksara1
The effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is a method that is used to treat the emanation coming out from many areas of the plant. It includes biological, physical, and chemical processes. It aims to releasing safe water into the environment to prevent it from getting cop0ntaminated. These plants are have been very useful in the process of providing clean water to the environment and have conserved water in a number of ways.
Vermicompost-गडेउला मल training by ....pptxAnitaPoudel5
वर्मीकम्पोस्ट उत्पादन गर्ने गडेउले मलको प्रशिक्षण खोज्नुहोस्। यो एक प्राकृतिक तरिकाले उत्पन्न भएको उर्वरक हो जसले मिट्टीमा पोषक तत्वहरू जोड्छ र मिट्टीको उपचार गर्दछ।
गडेउले मलको प्रशिक्षण भनेको, केही चरणहरूमा मलाई वर्मीकम्पोस्ट उत्पादनका लागि समायोजन गर्न सिकाउने प्रक्रिया हो। पहिलो, उचित ठाउँमा मलाई संचित गर्न र त्यसलाई पुनः प्रयोग गर्नका लागि तयार गर्नुपर्छ।
पछि, वर्मीकम्पोस्ट बनाउने साधनहरूको चयन र उपयोगको तरिका शिक्षा दिइनुपर्छ। यो सामग्रीहरू मुख्यतया गडे किटाणुहरू (वर्मिकम्पोस्टिंग केवलार), मल, र पर्यावरणीय तापमान र आर्द्रताले प्रभावित हुने गरी उचित मापदण्डको तल्लो बनाइनुपर्छ।
झोलमल जैविक मल तथा बिसादी/ Jholmal: Biofertilizer and BiopesticideAnitaPoudel5
बायोपेस्टिसाइड र तरल जैविक उर्वरकहरू आजको कृषि तथा परिसर सम्बन्धी विज्ञानको एक महत्त्वपूर्ण अंग हुन्। यी उत्पादनहरू परिप्रेक्ष्यमा पर्यावरणको रक्षा र कृषि उत्पादनको वृद्धि गराउने गरी विकसित गरिएका छन्।
Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the major environmental issues in cities of many
developing countries, including Nepal. Urbanization, Industrialization and economic
development has led to increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). The use of
products that generate hazardous waste is another concern. Unmanaged disposal of medical
wastes from hospitals and clinics also contribute to pollution and public health hazards in the
localities. Therefore, SWM has become a major concern for the municipalities of Nepal. The
total sample size of 21 from the households, Restaurants, Hotels, commercial shops (including
Fruit shop, Barber shop, Spectacle shop, Library, Book shop etc.) were collected around
Kathmandu municipality.
Praramva
Biotech Pvt.Ltd was established in the year 2011 (A.D) by the three Biotech graduates of
Kathmandu University. Praramva Biotech is now one of the largest manufacturers of
Vermicompost in Nepal. Besides that, it has its own well equipped laboratory that
produces wide portfolio of bio based products for disease and pest management, crop nutrition
and soil health management. Praramva Biotech Pvt. Ltd specializes in manufacturing biological
crop protection and plant nutrition based products for progressive farmers, who need more than
sustainable results. The main aims of the Praramva Biotech Company are:
• To help farmers to increase their productivity and economy.
• To achieve sustainable development through scientific research based method in agriculture and
environment sector.
• Production and processing of medicinal plant.
• To reduce chemical fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides and promote organic farming.
-“Biofuel is an inexhaustible, biodegradable fuel manufactured from Biomass.”
• Renewable energy
• Derived from living materials.
• Pure and the easiest available fuels on planet earth.
Biomagnification, also known
as bioamplification or biological magnification, is
any concentration of a toxin, such as pesticides, in
the tissues of tolerant organisms at successively
higher levels in a food chain.
Trickling Filter
A trickling filter is a type of wastewater treatment system.
• A trickling filter , also called trickling biofilter, biofilter, biological filter and biological trickling filter , is a fixed-bed, biological
reactor that operates under (mostly) aerobic conditions.
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
1. Purbanchal University
Himalayan White House International College
College of Science and Technology
B.tech in Biotechnology
Ramshahpath, Putalisadak, Kathmandu
Field Visit Report
Guheswori Waste Water Treatment Plant,
P963+FXH, Bagmati Rd, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
22nd
December, 2022
Prepared by: Dewaka Poudel Submitted to: Astha Sakya
Semester: 7th
Department of Biotechnology
2. Aims and Objective:
The motive of this visit is to provide practical insights on the waste water
treatment process to the students which includes:
1. To learn the process of waste water treatment.
2. To know the environmental and management aspect of Guheswori waste
water treatment plant.
3. To observe the current status of guheswori waste water treatment plant in
Nepal .
4. To know the potential role of guheswori waste water treatment plant .
5. To understand how guheswori waste water treatment plant performs.
6. To be aware of problems seen during the process.
Introduction:
The Field visit was held on 22nd
December,2022/ 7th
Poush, 2079. The field visit
was organized by Mr.Annon Chaulagain, HOD, Department of Biotechnology of
HWIC for the students of 2018th
Batch. Department of Biotechnology at HWIC,
established in 2007, has been providing knowledge on genetics, microbiology,
molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology and cell biology with technical
disciplines like chemical engineering, informational technology and robotics to
develop product and technology for plant, animal and human welfare.
Guheshwori waste water treatment plant is located at the bank of the Bagmati
River on the northeastern part of Kathmandu City. It is constructed at the initiative
of the government to clean up the Bagmati River.But it is managed by non-
government organization “VA Tech WayBag LIMITED”. The plant treats the
untreated wastewater generated by the household, industries and other institutions
of Gaurighat,Gokarna,Chabahil, Bouddha and Kharibot.
The main aim of the guheswori waste water treatment plant are:
1. To improve quality of wastewater
2. Elimination of pollutants, toxicants and many such
3. Preservation of water quality of natural water resources
4. To make wastewater usable for other purposes
5. Prevention of harmful diseases
All the students from 2018th
batch along with teachers Astha Shakya and
Shristy Tamrakar were present in the field visit. We were welcomed by the
chemist of guheswori waste water treatment plant.
3. Field Observation:
The treatment plant site covers an area of five (5) hectares. A chain of interceptor
drains along the river corridor to check haphazard disposal of the raw sewage was
installed. It had a design capacity of 32.4 ml/D. Guheswori WWTP was three (3)
Arab project.
Procedure for Waste water treatment at Guheswori waste water treatment
plant :
A.Preliminary Treatment of Wastewater:
This is the first step in guheswori wastewater treatment process and its objective
was to remove large debris, coarse solids and heavy inorganic material contained
in the wastewater flow. It consisted of physical operations such as:
1. Screening: About 40 mm diameter of bar rack was used for screening to
removes heavy solids in wastewater such as rags, paper, plastics, sticks and
metals to prevent damage and clogging of downstream equipment. The
obtained residues were manually removed with the help of labor. The removed
waste was transferred to solid waste management process. The working Principle
was based on Gravity.
2.Coarse manual screening:
About 20 mm diameter bar rack was used to removes solid particles of size above
20mm. The obtained residue was removed manually and transferred for further
solid waste treatment. The working Principle was based on Gravity.
3. Grit removal:
Here, grit chambers was used to slow down the flow so that solids such as sand,
ash, cinder and eggshells will settle out of the water and it can be removed
manually or mechanically. Different settling time was differentiated for different
sand particle under velocity and conveyer shape.The working Principle was
based on Gravity.
B. Primary Treatment of Wastewater:
Large debris and grit removed in the preliminary treatment was directed to
primary treatment operations and it’s objective was the removal of settleable
organic and inorganic solids by sedimentation and the removal of materials that
will float (scum) by skimming. It involves physical and /or chemical operations
for treatment of wastewater. The retention time of the tank was 2 hrs.
1. It involved a more sophisticated tank called sedimentation tank or primary
4. clarifier removed most of the suspended solids that will float or settle.
2. Sedimentation often used chemicals like flocculants and coagulants.
3. Sludge that settled to the bottom of the clarifier was called as primary sludge
and it was collected for further treatment called sludge treatment.
4. In this treatment about 50-70% of suspended solids, 35% of BOD got
reduced and it removed very few toxic chemicals.
C. Secondary Treatment of Wastewater:
This treatment involved a biological process and it’s objective was the further
treatment of the effluent from primary treatment to remove the residual organics
and suspended solids. It used bacteria, fungi and protozoa to remove organic
matter. The most common method that they used for secondary treatment were:
1.Activated sludge processing
The activated sludge process is a type of biological wastewater treatment process
for treating sewage or industrial wastewaters using aeration and a
biological floc composed of bacteria and protozoa. It used air (or oxygen)
and microorganisms to biologically oxidize organic pollutants, producing a
waste sludge (or floc) containing the oxidized material. It consisted of an aeration
tank with open upper part exposed to atmospheric air. A sedimentation tank
which allowed the biological flocs to separate . The settled sludge was recycled
for maximum utilization.
Two sedimentation tank was used A and B, A for sedimentation of sludge at the
bottom and another sedimentation tank B attached with chain scraper mechanism.
At first ,waste water from primary tank was passed to sedimentation tank A and
then further treated water was transferred to sedimentation tank B. The secondary
sedimentation B used Chain scraper mechanisms.
Chain scraper mechanism are mechanical sludge removal systems. The scraper
arms drive along the basin floor and continuously carry the sludge with them. In
rectangular basins, the sludge will be carried to a ditch and the removed with
sludge pumps. This mechanisms need a motor for sludge movement. Scraper
arms in rectangular basins are connected via chain links to the motor whereas
scraper arms in round tanks are attached to a center located shaft which is
connected to a motor on a service bridge.
After this treatment, It generally removed 80-90% of all the pollutants and
large proportion of toxic chemicals.
D. Tertiary/Advanced Treatment of Wastewater:
It was the final treatment stage of wastewater processing and its main objective
was the removal of specific wastewater constituents which cannot be removed
5. in previous stages and thereby increase the quality of the effluent to higher
degree. They used chemical disinfection method for the tertiary treatment of
wastewater by using chlorine. For this they had three larger tank.
1. Preparation tank for chlorine
2. Chlorination tank : Exposing chlorine and treated waste water
3. Dechlorination tank
Chlorination: This process injects chlorine into the headworks of a serpentine
effluent detention chamber. Chlorination in wastewater treatment kills bacteria
and viruses, and eliminates parasites such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium, which
can cause very serious illnesses. In summary, this process disinfects water so that
it is safe to reuse or recycle.
Dichlorination: The final stage of the tertiary wastewater treatment process
involves removing the chlorine that was used to disinfect the water. This step is
very important because chlorine is harmful to aquatic life. Chlorine also
reduces biological water quality when it is present in high concentrations. To
remove the chlorine, a compound called sodium bisulfite is added to the water.
Chlorine ions in the water react with this chemical and are removed. Once the
chlorine concentration has been reduced to a safe level, the treated water is now
considered clean enough to be safely released into the environment. This process
significant percentage of pathogenic organisms are killed or controlled.
E. Final Testing
Final test was done :
1. To check residual chlorine ( assumed to be 6 ppm)
2. To check fecal coliform
3. To check pH ( around 6-8)
4. To check total soluble solid(TSS)- (not greater than 10)
5. To check BOD ( not more than 10)
F. Clarifier Tank
A disc filter about size of 10 micrometer particle size or a nylon fiber cloth was
used in clarifier tank for the final cleaning of the treated water. Here, pH was
maintained by using lime.Daily sampling in inlet and outlet was performed.
6. PROCEDURE FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION/ BIOGAS PRODUCTION
USING SLUDGE OBTAINED FROM WASTE WATER TREATMENT;
Dome shaped digestor tank was used for collection of sludge obtained from
primary and secondary treatment plant. The height of tank was about 1.73m. The
sludge was maintained in an anaerobic condition at temperature 35C .The
digestion of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) occurs in these basic steps:
acidogenesis, methanogenesis, acetogenesis and hydrolysis. The biogas obtained
from digester was used for producing electricity which was obviously used to run
guheswori waste water treatment plant.
PREPARATION OF BIOFERTILIZER AND MANURE:
Remaining sludge obtained as residue from biogas was transferred to centrifuge
for processing. After centrifugation, resultant product was used as biofertilizer
and manure in an agricultural land.
ADVANTAGES:
1.Prevent waterborne disease
2.Increase by product recovery
3. Minimize waste
4.Avoid industrial equipment damage
5.Clean and safe processed water
CONCLUSION
Through this visit, we learned followings:
1. Method of waste water treatment
2. Mangement and Environmental aspect of waste water treatment of
guheshwori
3. Science behind aerobic digestion of sludge and waste water.
Visit was fruitful. The way,chemist at Guheshwori WWTP explained each and
every process performed were lucid to comprehend. We really enjoyed her
honest clear explaination. This visit is a huge learning curve for us in terms of
waste water treatment process. And we are grateful to the college for providing
this opportunity.
7. LIMITATION OF THE VISIT:
Limitation was hard to point out. Everything was managed as per plan. Skilled
manpower were employed to perform different task.
FUTURE ASPECT:
This type of waste water treatment process showed be adopted in each municipal
to reduce water pollution. Individual and community can tribute nature and
environment by following different types of waste water treatment process to
make their areas water pollution free.
Some pictured clicked during visit:
1. Gate of Guheswori WWTP 2.3. Preliminary waste water treatment
4. 20 mm screener 5. 20 mm screener 6. Secondary WWT
8. 7.Secondary WWT 8. Clean water obtained from secondary treatment
9. Tertiary Treatment : Chlorine treatment 10. Laboratory
11. Laboratory at Guheswori WWTP
9. 12. Outstanding view of Guheswori WWTP captured
13. Student of HWIC (2018th
Batch),B.tech in Biotechnology