Management of Urban Water Supply and Sewerage System
Introduction to Decentralized Sanitation Systems and Fecal Sludge Management / Faecal sludge management Value Chain
Integrated Solid Waste Management - Managing waste an environmentally sustainable, economically affordable and socially acceptable manner.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in Indian Cities including collection, transportation, processing and final disposal.
It also provides details on designing a collection system, procedure for composting, RDF and Sanitary Landfill.
Integrated Solid Waste Management - Managing waste an environmentally sustainable, economically affordable and socially acceptable manner.
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in Indian Cities including collection, transportation, processing and final disposal.
It also provides details on designing a collection system, procedure for composting, RDF and Sanitary Landfill.
This is a power point presentation on design of a 30 MLD sewage treatment plant. It includes the different characteristics of waste water,various treatment units, design results and a layout of sewage treatment plant.
Visit my slide share channel for downloading report of this project.
Guheswori Waste Water Treatment Plant,
P963+FXH, Bagmati Rd, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
Guheshwori waste water treatment plant is located at the bank of the Bagmati
River on the northeastern part of Kathmandu City. It is constructed at the initiative
of the government to clean up the Bagmati River.But it is managed by nongovernment organization “VA Tech WayBag LIMITED”. The plant treats the
untreated wastewater generated by the household, industries and other institutions
of Gaurighat,Gokarna,Chabahil, Bouddha and Kharibot.
The main aim of the guheswori waste water treatment plant are:
1. To improve quality of wastewater
2. Elimination of pollutants, toxicants and many such
3. Preservation of water quality of natural water resources
4. To make wastewater usable for other purposes
5. Prevention of harmful diseases
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Grey water treatment is removal of unwanted suspended material from the greywater collected and disinfecting the same to make it useful for toilet flushing or irrigation or discharging to sewer lines according to the local laws applicable.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Sources of water, Assessment of domestic and industrial requirement, Impurities in
water, Indian standards for drinking water, Water borne diseases and their control.
Presentation by Gezahegn Lemecha from IRC WASH on the concept of Climate Resilient WASH. This presentation was given during the Climate Resilient WASH learning workshop in Adama, Ethiopia, on 23 September 2021.
The type of handpump technology suitable for a particular area depends on the groundwater level, water quality and hydrogeological conditions. There are some areas like the costal belt in the southern part of Bangladesh, where the conventional shallow and deep tubewlls technologies are not successful due to the high salinity. Alternative water supply options are needed for those areas.
This is a power point presentation on design of a 30 MLD sewage treatment plant. It includes the different characteristics of waste water,various treatment units, design results and a layout of sewage treatment plant.
Visit my slide share channel for downloading report of this project.
Guheswori Waste Water Treatment Plant,
P963+FXH, Bagmati Rd, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
Guheshwori waste water treatment plant is located at the bank of the Bagmati
River on the northeastern part of Kathmandu City. It is constructed at the initiative
of the government to clean up the Bagmati River.But it is managed by nongovernment organization “VA Tech WayBag LIMITED”. The plant treats the
untreated wastewater generated by the household, industries and other institutions
of Gaurighat,Gokarna,Chabahil, Bouddha and Kharibot.
The main aim of the guheswori waste water treatment plant are:
1. To improve quality of wastewater
2. Elimination of pollutants, toxicants and many such
3. Preservation of water quality of natural water resources
4. To make wastewater usable for other purposes
5. Prevention of harmful diseases
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Grey water treatment is removal of unwanted suspended material from the greywater collected and disinfecting the same to make it useful for toilet flushing or irrigation or discharging to sewer lines according to the local laws applicable.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Sources of water, Assessment of domestic and industrial requirement, Impurities in
water, Indian standards for drinking water, Water borne diseases and their control.
Presentation by Gezahegn Lemecha from IRC WASH on the concept of Climate Resilient WASH. This presentation was given during the Climate Resilient WASH learning workshop in Adama, Ethiopia, on 23 September 2021.
The type of handpump technology suitable for a particular area depends on the groundwater level, water quality and hydrogeological conditions. There are some areas like the costal belt in the southern part of Bangladesh, where the conventional shallow and deep tubewlls technologies are not successful due to the high salinity. Alternative water supply options are needed for those areas.
The Presentation includes grey water it is all wastewater that is discharged from a house, excluding black water, uses of waste water, various methods adopted to use grey water [i.g, irrigation, bathing , gardening etc.]
Sanitation may be defined as the science and practice of effecting healthful and hygienic conditions, and involves the study and use of hygienic measures such as
safe, reliable water supply;
proper drainage of wastewater;
proper disposal of all human wastes;
prompt removal of all refuse.
The prime objectives of providing sanitation facilities:
to have improve public health.
to minimize environmental pollution
Environment management - water managementAnish Gawande
Water management is the control and movement of water resources to minimize damage to life and property and to maximize efficient beneficial use. Good water management of dams and levees reduces the risk of harm due to flooding. Irrigation water management systems make the most efficient use of limited water supplies for agriculture.
Drainage management involves water budgeting and analysis of surface and sub-surface drainage systems. Sometimes water management involves changing practices, such as groundwater withdrawal rates, or allocation of water to different purposes.
Overview of faecal sludge management challenges and practicesIRC
Presentation by Erick Baetings during the Faecal Sludge Management Lunch Meeting in The Hague, The Netherlands, on 17 April 2014.
This meeting was organised by IRC with support from DGIS.
Institutional and Financial Arrangements for Urban Sanitation Services Delive...Dogara Bashir
Proposed institutional arrangements for urban faecal sludge management (FSM) in Kaduna State, Nigeria. In addition, 5 financing models for effective urban FSM are given for consideration and adaptation.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
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Faecal sludge management
1. Introduction to Decentralized Sanitation
Systems and Fecal Sludge Management / FSM
Value Chain
MANAGEMENT OF URBAN WATER
SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Er. Sudarshan Bhandari
2. Outline of Presentation
• Global Scenario
• Sanitation System
• Access to Urban Sanitation and Challenges
• Faecal sludge Management
• Way Forward
4. Global Scenario
• 2.7 billion people – onsite sanitation technologies
and Expected to grow to 5 billion (2030 A.D.)
• Typically no management system in place to deal
with septage and pit latrine sludge
• Dumped directly into Urban Environment-significant
health & environment implications
• A global platform for discussion created in 2011- FSM
conferences in Durban, Hanoi, Chennai, Kathmandu
• 1 USD spent on WASH improvement gives return 5-
46 USD depending on intervention.
• Sewer systems and FSM can be complementary.
5. Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all
Goal 6
6.1
Drinkin
g Water 6.2
Sanitatio
n and
Hygiene
6.3
Water
quality6.4
Water-
use
Efficienc
y
6.5
Water
resourc
e
manage
ment
6.6
Eco-
systems
6.A
International
cooperation
and capacity
development
6.B
Local
participation
Means of
Implementation
Source: WHO ,JMP & UNICEF
6.2 by 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable
sanitation and hygiene for all, and end open defecation,
paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and
those in vulnerable situations
11. What is ‘Decentralised’ Wastewater
Management?
• Treat locally
• Discharge to
ground /
Re-use water
12. Decentralized wastewater system
Decentralized wastewater systems - collect, treat, and reuse
or dispose of w/w at or near its point of generation.
Treat wastewater from individual buildings, clusters, small
community.
Unlike centralized urban wastewater treatment systems,
decentralized systems treat wastewater close to the source,
typically using small pipes for collecting small volumes of
domestic wastewater.
13. Most cost-effective option esp in rural areas
and hilly terrain.
Cost-effectiveness depends on a number of
factors like population size and density,
topography, distance to an existing centralized
system
Decentralized wastewater system
(Contd..)
14. Often more affordable for small communities
Achieves high removal rates for most pollutants
Reduces infiltration and ex-filtration
All sewage captured and treated
Pipes one-sixth the size of conventional pipes because
they do not have to accommodate stormwater
No pump stations, no outfalls
Water used locally
Advantages of Decentralized
Wastewater Treatment
15. Disadvantages of Decentralized
Wastewater Treatment
Potential threat to ground water quality
Requires greater awareness and participation
of homeowners
Funding challenges
Fragmented regulatory structur
17. Sewered based sanitation system is very costly
Types of sanitation options Capital costs
($/person)
Annual operating
costs
($/person/yr)
Centralized
conventional sewer-based
220-940 12-28
Decentralized
simplified sewer-based
system
105-155 4-10
On-site
septic tank-based system
(Non-Sewered Sanitation)
70-360 4-12
Source: BMGF, 2014• Require more water;
• May not be feasible everywhere – plain areas may need
pumping of wastewater which is practically not cost effective;
18. Urban Sanitation Challenges
• Unsafe disposal of domestic and
industrial waste without treatment
– Contamination to water bodies
– Environmental pollution
– Risks to public health
• FSM remains “invisible” & largely
“unregulated”
– Informal private tank emptiers
• Lack of regulation
– Non-compliance of
environmental standards
– No enforcement
19. Status of WWM and FSM in
Urban Nepal
Domesti
c WW
&
Faecal
Sludge
Sewered
Network
Non-
sewered
(Pit
latrine,
Septic
Tank)
30
%
93%
Untreate
d
70
%
Treated7%
5,200
Ton/da
y
72% - not
emptied
28
%
1450 Ton/day – unsafe
disposal
Source: ENPHO,
2017
20. Faecal Sludge Management
• Access to toilet is not adequate to ensure safe collection and
management of human excreta
• Untreated faecal sludge contaminates and pollutes water
sources with severe public consequences due to lack of
FSM systems
• Fecal Sludge Management (FSM) refers to a systems
approach that includes technologies and mechanisms for
containment, emptying, collection, transportation,
treatment, disposal and/or reuse of sludge produced in
onsite sanitation systems such as septic tanks and pit/pour-
flush latrines.
21. FS Characterization
Item Type "A"
(High-Strength)
Type "B"
(Low-Strength)
Sewage (For
comparison's
sake)
Example Public toilet or bucket
latrine sludge
Septage Tropical sewage
Characterizatio
n
Highly concentrated,
mostly fresh FS; stored
for days or weeks only
FS of low concentration;
usually stored for several
years; more stabilized than
Type "A"
COD mg/l 20,000-50,000 <15,000 500-2,500
COD/BOD 2:1 - 5:1 5:1 - 10:1 2:1
NH4-N mg/l 2,000 - 5,000 <1,000 30-70
TS mg/l ≥ 3.5% < 3% < 1%
SS mg/l ≥ 30,000 ≈ 7,000 200-700
Helm. eggs,
no./l
20,000 - 60,000 ≈ 4,000 300-2,000
Characteristics of faecal sludges and comparison with tropical sewage
(Heinss et al., 1998)
Faecal Sludge ≠ Wastewater
22. FSM Units
User Interface Storage Conveyance Treatment Reuse/Disposa
l
A functional unit is a group of various technologies
having similar functions. There are five different
functional units.
24. The Way Forward
• Urban WASH services is an urgent priority
– Framework/guidelines to accelerate social movement on
sanitation - ODF to total sanitation
– Formulate FSM Policy and by-laws including Regulatory
framework for ensuring services, standards and compliance
• City wide planning and implementation
– City Sanitation Plan
– Technological Options: Sewered/ Non-sewered, decentralized
and on-site systems including FSM
– Integrated approaches - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover
• Institutional and management capacity
– Strengthening effectiveness, responsiveness and accountability
– Increase Public awareness , engagement and participation