This document provides an overview of common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) in India. It discusses how CETPs were originally promoted to reduce wastewater treatment costs for small and medium industries. It then describes the typical wastewater treatment processes used at CETPs, including preliminary treatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of CETPs, different disposal methods for treated wastewater, and provides case studies of three CETPs in India.

1. M RAJKUMAR
Roll No:18031D5918

2. Contents
1. Overview of CETP
2. Back ground of CETP
3. Why CETP’s ?
4. Making of Waste Water System
5. Waste Water Treatment in 5 Points
6. Advantages and Disadvantages
7. Types of Disposal Systems
8. Case Study

3. CETP was originally promoted by the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF) in 1984 with the purpose
of minimizing waste water treatment costs for a large
number of small and medium scale industries on the
Concepts of “Polluter Pays Principle ”.
Based on pollution potential, most CETPs are established
for the highly polluting Red Category Industries such as
tannery, textile, electroplating, chemicals and pharma.
 Environment clearance process was always there on
account of potential pollution from the particular project,
and EIA is a critical step in this clearance process.

4. The “Policy Statement for Abatement of Pollution 1992”,
promoted combined facilities for treatment of effluent.
Accordingly, a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of CETPs was
launched in 1992.
SFC approval for the scheme of CETP was granted in the
year 2002.
A Scheme of CETP is being implemented since 2002 .

5. Initial pattern of financial assistance of the GOI under the
scheme was
1.Central Govt. subsidy (25%)
2.State Govt. subsidy (25%)
3.Proponent’s contribution (50%)
The “National Environment Policy-2006” also laid stress
on Public Private Partnership mode for the
implementation of CETP projects
From 2002 to 2012, the scheme of CETPs of GOI worked
on the above funding pattern Presesnt Scheme
50 % Central subsidy
25 % State subsidy
25 % Entrepreneurs

6. Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974:
mandated every industry for adequate effluent treatment
 More than 300,000 SSIs spread all over India, majorly in
about 900 clusters / industrial estates.
SSIs contribute 40 % of the total industrial output of the
country and generate over 44 % of the hazardous waste.
 About 1/6th of the discharge by SSIs presently being treated
in CETPs.
 Difficult for the SSIs units to install and operate effluent
treatment plant at individual level

8. Typical unit Operations of CETP

9. Segregation at source of generation.
 Preliminary treatment
It involves a number of unit processes to eliminate
undesirable characteristics of wastewater. Processes
include use of screen, grit chambers for removal of
sand and large particles, communitors for grinding
of coarse solids, pre-aeration for odour control and
removal of oil and grease.
 Primary treatment-
It involves removal of settable solids prior to
biological treatment. The general treatment units
include: flash mixer + flocculator + sedimentation

10. Contd
 Secondary treatment- It involves purification of
wastewater primarily with dissolved organic matter by
microbial action. A number of processes are but the ones
that are mainly used are anaerobic and or aerobic
treatment methods.
 Tertiary treatment - This mainly includes physical and
chemical treatment processes that can be used after
the biological treatment to meet the treatment
objectives.

11. Advantages Disadvantages
 Strong control over quality and
quantity of effluent received at
CETP
 Effluent not conforming to inlet
norms can be sent back and
extra charges can be imposed to
the member industries.
 Tracking of effluent
transpiration though GPS
system will help to stop illegal
disposal of effluent to CETP
 Very effective system to prevent
mixing of toxic and concentrate
effluent with normal effluent
 Limited transportation capacity.
 Not suitable for industries
having high effluent load i.e.
textile industries.
 Problems of illegal disposal of
untreated effluent if CETP
authority fails to keep an eye on
tanker movement.
 High cost of transportation
 Risks – Spills, Leakages &
pilferage .

12.  On-land disposal for
Gardening and greenbelt development within own premises (industry)
Irrigation (industry)
 In water body
o In static water body (NA)
o in dynamic water body
o In natural drainage system
o In rivers and estuary
o In deep sea
o In Municipal Sewage (industry)
 Zero discharge
RO treatment followed by Evaporation / incineration
Recycle

13. Aeration Tank & Screen Chamber

14. AERATION TANK

15. Pressure Sand filters & Activated Carbon filters

16. Casestudy -1
Jeedimetla Effluent Treatment Plant
CETP at Jeedimetla was established in year 1989 in a Phased
manner by industries.
Enterprenaurs from jeedimetla industrial estate have jointly
formed a CETP Public limited Company called M/S
jeedimetla Effluent treatment plant to address waste water
treatment problems of small and medium scale industries.
JETL Completely a self financed firm with its member units
being 109 till date.

17. Jeedemetla CETP, Hyderabad
Name of the Project M/S JEEDIMETLA EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANT LTD
MEMBERS 109 medium and small scale units out of which 66 active
members Contributing effluent to CETP
Designed Capacity 1500 Cum/day 66% from bulk drugs,20% from dye &dye inter –
mediate 14% from others
Cost of project 25 Million
Date of
commencement
1989
Conveyance system Through tankers
Treatment units Neutralization tanks -2 nos
Equalization tanks -2 Nos
Clarriflocculator-1 Nos
Buffertanks-3 Nos
Distribution Chamber -3 Nos
Aeration tank -3 NOS
Primary SDB-6 Nos
Sec SDB-6 Nos

18. Schematic diagram of Jeedimetla
Common Effluent Treatment plant

19. Case study 2
Patancheru Effluent treatment plant
A Common Effluent Treatment plant was established
and comissioned in the year 1990 to treat industrial
waste water generated from Small and medium scale
industry.
Enterprenaurs from Patancheru industrial estate
have jointly formed a CETP Public limited Company
called M/S Patancheru Enviro tech Private Limited to
address waste water treatment problems of small and
medium scale industries.
PETL Completely a self financed firm with its
member units being 171 till date.

20. Name of the Proj ect M/S PATANCHERU ENVIRO TECH
LTD
MEMBERS 171
Designed Capacity 7500 Cum/day
Date of commencement 1994
Conveyance system Tankers
Treatment units Neutralization tanks -2 nos
Equalization tanks -2 Nos
Clarriflocculator-1 Nos
Buffertanks-3 Nos
Distribution Chamber -3 Nos
Aeration tank -3 NOS
Primary SDB-6 Nos
Sec SDB-6 Nos

21. Patancheru Industrial area&CETP

22. FLOW DIAGRAM --
Vapourizer-1 Vapourizer-2
Oxygen Control Panel
To AT's for recirculaion
Influents (by road tankers) Oxygen to Aeration Tanks
Sewage from BHEL STDP
By road tankers Recycled sludge
Sump & TPS
Eq. Tanks - 4 no's centrate Buffer Tanks
2 no's
Dewatered sludge Recycled sludge
Leachate pit Excess sludge
centrate
Sludge Drying Beds - 13no's
Treated
Effluents
Disposal to STP Amberpet
sludge to TSDF
Sewage from Isukavagu
Annexure - VI
CFL
unit
Aeration tank No.1
Aeration Tank No.2
SST - 1
SST - 2
Decanter - 1
Decanter - 2
2stage
sump
Liquid Oxygen Storage Tanks - 2 no's
1 2
Schematic diagram of PATANCHERU
Common Effluent Treatment plant

23. Case Study 3
Mana Nacharam & Mallapur CETP(360 Acres 650
Industries)
More than
110
Chemical,
Pharma, bulk
drugs units

24. Name of the Project Mana Nacharam Mallapur
CETP(SPV)
MEMBERS 650 medium and small scale units out
of which 110 active members
Contributing effluent to CETP
Constructed Capacity 2.0 MLD
Date of commencement,Completion 2007-2012
Conveyance system HDPE Conveyance main& SWD Drain
Treatment units Screen Chamber
Grit Chamber
Equalisation tank
Flash Mixer
Flocculation Tank
Aeration Tank
Secondary Tube Deck
Sludge Dring Beds
Intermediate Water Sump
PSF
ACF
Treated Water Sump

25. Schematic Diagram of Mana Nacharam Mallapur CETP

26. Issues & Constraints in CETP Operations
 Consistency in compliance to the prescribed standards by
the CETPs.
 Existing treatment schemes are unable to handle ever-
increasing hydraulic load, new pollutants, stringent
regulatory norms.
 Improper technological combination for wastewater
treatment is discouraging water reuse and recycling.
 Poor management of treatment units.
 No separate treatment units to deal with hazardous and
toxic effluents.
 Dismal percentage of water reuse practice in industries.

27. Areas for improvement in CETPs
Developments in the areas of effluent management
systems.
Development programmes for water and chemicals
recovery through adoption of advanced oxidation and
membrane filtration process.
Utilization of sludge/solids as raw material for
construction activities after ascertaining its properties.
Induction of energy efficient technologies particularly in
oxygen transfer in activated sludge process (diffused
aeration systems), gas transfer, solids separation and
thermal decomposition .

28. Cont’d
Replacement of major energy intensive electrical
components with high efficiency motors for aerators,
blowers, pumps and centrifuges eg variable-frequency
drives.
Installation of SCADA (supervisory control and data
acquisition) based systems for better operational and
management control of the CETPs.

29. Referrences
Article Pulished by National Environmental Engineering Institute
Nagpur.
Mana Nacaharam Mallapur CETP Authority.
Jeedimetla Common Effluent Treatment Plant Authority.
National Conferrence on Common Effluent Treatment Plants.