Gene expression involves two key processes - transcription and translation. Transcription is the process where the DNA code for a protein is copied into an mRNA molecule with the help of RNA polymerase. The mRNA then travels to the cytoplasm, where during translation it attaches to ribosomes. Ribosomes read the mRNA code and add amino acids brought by tRNA molecules to produce a polypeptide chain, completing protein synthesis.

1. Gene Expression

3. DNA RNA Proteins Transcription & Translation Transcription is the making of an RNA molecule from a DNA template Translation is the construction of an amino acid sequence (polypeptide) from an RNA molecule. Transcription Translation

5. Information in DNA DNA contains Genes. Each Gene is a sequence of nitrogen bases which forms the code for a protein molecule. During transcription, the code for one protein is copied into an mRNA molecule. This occurs with the help of an enzyme known as RNA Polymerase. The mRNA molecule travels to the cytoplasm through the channels in the nuclear membrane

8. Translation The mRNA attaches with Ribosomes which are the site of protein synthesis. tRNA molecules bring amino acids to this complex. The Ribosome read the code in the mRNA and add corresponding amino acids into a chain. When the Ribosome completes traveling through the mRNA, a chain of amino acids will be produced.