The document discusses protein synthesis, starting with the key processes of transcription and translation. It explains how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which carries the necessary information to the cytoplasm for protein assembly with the help of tRNA and rRNA at ribosomes. The author also acknowledges support received while preparing the presentation and emphasizes its importance for building confidence in professional development.

1. BY : FAYAZ ALI KHATTI
( M.Sc. prev. zoology)

2. Some Questions related to the
topic
- - What is protein?
- - Why protein synthesis is
necessary?
- - Does protein synthesis show
any other clues about life ?

3. - Nucleus
- Nuclear pores
- DNA
- RNA & its types
- Cytoplasm
- Rough endoplasmic
reticulum
- Ribosomes
,

4.  1st Step - TRANSCRIPTION
 2nd Step - TRANSLATION

5.  - it is the first step of protein biosynthesis without
this step protein synthesis inside a living body is
impossible
 - It takes place inside the nucleus of cell
 - in this step DNA strands are unzipped by
helicase enzyme to produce one strand of RNA
that RNA is called mRNA
 - the information needed for the synthesis of
particular protein is thus copied into messanger
RNA from DNA and that is called “CODON “

6.  - CODON consist of especial codes of
that protein is to be synthesized.
 - this mRNA moves out and act as carrier
of information to the cytoplasm through
the facilitation of nuclear pores.
- Transcription is completed here and
translation starts..

7.  - It is the second step of protein
biosynthesis.
 - It takes place inside the cytoplasm.
 - Here from title word we can know in
this the information is deciphered or
translated to make a particular required
proteins.
 - In translation two types of RNAs are
processed i.e tRNA and rRNA

8.  - ribosomal RNA is situated at
ribosomes while tRNA is all around the
cytoplasm to collect and supply the
required amino-acids to make
polypeptide chain , to the ribosomes.

9.  -ribosomal RNA assembles amino acids
here at the ribosomes present at the
rough endoplasmic reticulum . in a
proper sequence as required by the
knowledge given by mRNA to
synthesize required protein thus
ribosomes are called protein factories

10.  For all facilitations , courages and
motivations to make this presentation not
only but making able of doing a little
progressive work for building up
confidence to build a better carrier
 ( Thanks all for staying connected )