The document discusses gender and education. It defines gender as the socially constructed characteristics of women and men, such as norms, roles and relationships between groups. Gender varies across societies and is taught rather than innate. Sex refers to the biological differences between males and females, such as reproductive organs and chromosomes. While sex is fixed, gender is a social construct that differs over time and place. The document explores gender roles and stereotypes in various societies.

1. GENDER & EDUCATION.
Created By:
Monika Tayade
B.Ed. : Contemporary Indian
Education, Gender & Society.
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2. Gender : Meaning, Definition,
Difference between Gender and Sex.
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3. Activity
• Divide into two groups
• Group 1
• List differences between women and men and consider:
On what are these perceived differences based?
• (e.g. biological, social, religious beliefs)
•
• Group 2
• List similarities between women and men and consider:
• On what are the perceived similarities based?
(e.g. biological, social, religious beliefs)
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4.  Gender refers to the socially constructed
characteristics of women and men such as
norms, roles and relationships of and
between groups of women and men.
 It varies from society and society.
 Born male and female, they are taught
appropriate norms and behaviors.
 How they should behave with opposite sex.
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5. Meaning
Gender is a concept that humans create socially
Through their interactions with one another
And their environments
Yet it relies heavily upon biological differences
Between males and females.
Because humans create the concept of gender socially
gender is referred as a social construction.
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6. The social construction of gender is
demonstrated by the fact that individuals,
groups and societies ascribe particular traits,
statuses, or values to individuals
• purely because of their sex,
• yet these differ across societies and cultures,
• and overtime within the same society.
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7. • gender refers to the way a society
• perceives, evaluates, and expects males
• and females to behave
• all societies have gender categories but the
• traits assigned to each differ from culture to
culture
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8. • PERSONALITY TRAITS
• females as caring, emotional, social, physically
fragile, and family oriented
• males as rational, physically strong, selfish,
rational/non-emotional, individualistic
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9. • CAREERS
• Female
 teacher, waitress, nurse,
 homemaker, secretary, receptionist,
 nanny, representative
• Male
 professor, chef, doctor, CEO,
 construction worker, truck driver,
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10. Definition
• Gender refers to the social relationship/roles
and responsibilities of men and women, the
expectations held about the characteristics,
aptitudes and likely behaviors of both men
and women (femininity and masculinity) that
are learned, change over time and vary
within and between cultures.
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11. Sex
• sex refers to the biological differences
• between males and females based on
• physiological factors, including: sex
chromosomes, reproductive organs,
hormones, secondary characteristics
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12. Definition Sex
• It simply refers to the natural biological
differences between men and women for
example the difference in the organs related
to reproduction.
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13. Difference
Physical differences based on genetic differences
between males and females
 ex: differences in size and strength
 reproductive physiology
 women's ability to become pregnant, carry and birth
 children, and produce milk to nurse them
 men's contribution of sperm
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BASIS GENDER SEX
MEANING
HISTORY
POLICIES
FIXATION
CHARACTERISTICS
CATEGORY

15. BASIS GENDER SEX
Meaning The term gender be
used in connection to
the behavior and
cultural practices of
men and women.
The term sex is easy to
understand. It simply
refers to the natural
biological differences
between men and
women, for e.g.: the
differences in the organs
related to reproduction.
History At different time in
history and in different
societies, gender roles
are different.
Throughout history and
across cultures, sex
differences.
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BASIS GENDER SEX
Policies Policies can respond to
gender stereotype and
traditional gender role.
Policies respond to sex
differences in areas to
do with the physical
body.
Fixation It is not fixed but
determined by social
and cultural values.
It is fixed for a persons
life.

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BASIS GENDER SEX
Characteristics Gender refers to
behaviors, roles,
expectations and
activities in society.
Sex refers to the
biological and
physiological
characteristics.
Category Gender refers to
masculine or feminine
Sex refers to male and
female.

18. Recapitulation
• Write down your own definitions of the terms sex,
and gender
• Compare your definitions with those of the person
next to you
• Brief group discussion
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