Educational Research

Educational Research

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  Educational Research D D D Created By:Monika Tayade
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  Introduction  Education isnot a small term and it has many classification and aspects.  Researches in education are carried out in order to understand terms in a better way and explore those terms.  The reason to conduct research also leads to gaining insight and deeper understanding of some critical terms or some unsolved questions.  It may also lead to discover some general principles or interpretations about the facts discovered during the research process.  A scientific theory can be formulated in educational events by the means of research.
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  Introduction  Human beingacquires knowledgeable facts by the means of experience, authority, deductive reasoning, and inductive reasoning and by the use of scientific approach. The scientific approach is regarded as the most trusted source in understanding and gaining new knowledge.  The scientific approach is based on two of the main belief i) Human being can drive truth by the means of observation of the phenomena, and ii) phenomena comply to a lawful relationships.
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  The meaning ofEducational Research  Educational research deals with gaining a better understanding of educational process, so that its efficiency can be improved for the development of the society.  As education is most important factor in the development of the society.  Scientific methods are applied to study various phenomenon and problems of education.  Educational research gives us better understanding of various facets of human being by the means of, explaining, predicting or controlling human behavior concerning education.  This further helps in explaining, improving, enhancing or changing the present situation related to education.
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  Definition of Research “Researchis an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts and their meanings or implications with reference to given problem”. - P.M.Cook “Research is an attempt to discover and verify knowledge. It is an intellectual process that has developed over hundreds of years, ever changing in purpose and forms and also researching the truths” - J.Francis Rummel “The systematic and objective analysis and recording of controlled observations that may lead to the developments of generalizations’, principles, or theories,, resulting in prediction and possibly ultimate control of events". - John W. Best “Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon”. - Earl Robert Babbie
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  Definition of EducationalResearch “Educational research aims to make contribution towards the solution of the problems in the field of education by the scientific philosophical methods”. - F.L.Whitney “The formal systematic application of the scientific method to the study of educational problems”. - Gay “When the scientific method is applied to the study of educational problems, educational research is the result”. - Aryetal.
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  The purpose ofeducational research can be listed as follow:  To solve problems concerning the education or the education system  To decide the principles and develop procedure that can be used in the field of educational research  To be able to derive to conclusion so as to what extent we can educate the children and the adults  To answer question using experimentation and reflective thinking  To determine the basis of the past, presents situation in relation to education  To discover new findings , principles and laws in the field of education
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  1. Identification &Definition of the Problem 2. Formulation of the Hypothesis 3. Clarification of Research Procedure 4. Collection of Data 5. Analysis & Interpretation of the Data 6. Drawing Conclusions & Development of Theory & Principles Steps of Educational Research
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  Types of EducationalResearch  Educational Research is classified in two main broad categories;  Quantitative Research and Qualitative Research.  Both the researches have their own methodology and the terminology.  Quantitative research uses measurement to draw out numeric data, this data can be used to answer the question proposed for the study or to test the pre-determined hypothesis.  Qualitative research is carried out in natural setting and it helps in understanding and gaining better knowledge of social phenomena that involves human participants.
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  Educational Research Quantitative Research Objective Measurement Proposed Hypothesis Qualitative Research Understanding Social Phenomena May Result in Hypothesis
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  Major Types ofQuantitative Educational Research o Quantitative research is further classified as Experimental research and Non- experimental Research. o Experimental research deals with studying effect of manipulation of one variable on another. o Non-experimental research deals with identifying the variables and studying the relations between the two variables without manipulating them. o The major forms of non-experimental research include ex post facto research, correlational research and Survey research.
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  Major Types ofQualitative Educational Research o Qualitative research aims to understand a whole phenomenon, without breaking it into forms of variables. o This does not involve analysis of numeric data. o The types of qualitative research include basic interpretative studies, case studies, document or content analysis, ethnography, grounded theory, historical studies, narrative inquiry, and phenomenological studies.
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  Form of DataWords Qualitative Understands a Phenomena Approaches - basic interpretative studies, case studies, document or content analysis, ethnography, grounded theory, historical studies, narrative inquiry, and phenomenological studies. Numbers Quantitative Study effect of Manipulation Approaches - ex post facto research, correlational research and Survey research.
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  Reference Ary,D.,Jacobs,L.C.,&Sorensen,C. (2010).Introduction toresearch in education. USA: Wadsworth.