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Place of English in School Curriculum

English was introduced in India in 1823 during British rule when it became the official language of administration and education. After independence in 1947, there was an effort to replace English with Hindi, but English continued to be taught and its use increased. Today, owing to its importance for career and economic opportunities, English remains an important part of the school curriculum in India, though its position and introduction has varied over time between states and school boards.

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• Pedagogy of School Subject English 07/11/2021 Education 1
Understanding English as a Language • Place of English in School Curriculum 07/11/2021 Education 2
(A) Place of English before independence The history of English in India goes back to pre- independence days when our country was ruled by the British.  It was the official language of courts and administration.  It was the medium of instruction in colleges.  It was a compulsory subject.  It was the medium of examination. 07/11/2021 Education 3
• English language was widely exposed to our country. • English was the language of the rulers in India. • We had no other choice but to learn English. • In this way the language started gaining roots in India. • British administrators cared little for the cultural wants of the Indian millions. • British did not want the spread of European type of Education in India. 07/11/2021 Education 4
• Then the people belonging to the middle class advocated and aspired their education in English • They saw that the capacity to speak and write English • Enables them for lucrative (well paid) posts under government, • Which provided a decent income and an important status in the society. 07/11/2021 Education 5
B) Place of English after independence  After independence drastic changes came up in regarding the place of English.  It was decided to dethrone English from its position. 07/11/2021 Education 6
 Hindi in Devnagri script was declared the official language of the union by Indian Constitution.  Regional languages became the medium of instruction.  English ceased to be a compulsory subject.  English did not remain the medium of instruction.  The state governments started using regional languages in administration. 07/11/2021 Education 7
English did not have the same place after independence. English is a foreign language, but it still has great importance in our school curriculum. Because chance’s of advancement in ones career. English will continue to have an important place in our schools in future also and due to its widespread use and demand. Its global acceptability are linked to it. 07/11/2021 Education 8
Position after Independence • In 1950 constitution was framed and it was decided to continue with English as the official language of the country for 15 years. • Efforts were made to develop national – Hindi. • Hoping to replace English with Hindi. 07/11/2021 Education 9
• Since independence, English language continued to be taught in Indian schools. • With passage of time the use of English increased. • A sizeable group of Indian higher social status was dependent on their good acquisition of English. 07/11/2021 Education 10
Scenario • Owing to the increasing importance of English, various states gave it a respectable place • By making it a compulsory language. • In Maharashtra, it was made compulsory from the V class up to X in Marathi medium schools. 07/11/2021 Education 11
• Number of English medium schools emerged gradually where a child got exposed to the English language. • Preparatory and kindergarten classes are doing well today without any financial support from the government. 07/11/2021 Education 12
• Realizing the ever-increasing popularity which English language enjoys now-a-days in all walks of life. • The government of Maharashtra from June 2000 introduced English right from the first standard even in Marathi medium primary schools. 07/11/2021 Education 13
• Indicating a clear shift in the status of this language. • The revolution in the field of information technology has also contributed mostly in the wider use of English at the earlier stage of schooling. 07/11/2021 Education 14
BACKGROUND & PRESENT SCENARIO 07/11/2021 Education 15
1823 English education was introduced in India. • The objectives were: i) To popularize European culture and science among the Indian masses. ii) To consolidate the position of the British rule in India. 07/11/2021 Education 16
Recommendation made by the Education Ministers Conference held in 1957: • English should be taught as a compulsory language both at the secondary and the university stages. • Students acquire adequate knowledge of English so as to be able to receive education through this language at the university level. 07/11/2021 Education 17
• English should not be introduced earlier than class V. • The precise point at which English should be started at the middle stage was left to each individual state to decide. 07/11/2021 Education 18
1947 Free India chose to retain English as long as it was needed. • 1987 The Curriculum Development Center (CDC), Hyderabad was setup by the UGC. • The aim was to shift focus in curriculum designing from teaching to learning and make it need- based and socially relevant. 07/11/2021 Education 19
The Curriculum and the Syllabus of English Language Education in Maharashtra: Any curricular reform ought to take into consideration the fact that whatever appears relevant and essential today may not be suitable for tomorrow. The curriculum of English in the state of Maharashtra bases itself on the diverse characteristics of the state. 07/11/2021 Education 20
• Goals for a comprehensive language curriculum needs to bring in aspects of language, culture, practices of people in the learning process. • In accordance with the local needs and concerns so that learners are able to connect with real life situations. 07/11/2021 Education 21
Main objective of a good syllabus is to enable the learner to achieve proficiency in the language in different domains. The Syllabus should reflect following • assumptions about language learning. • appropriate themes the texts embody. • objectives of teaching learning English. 07/11/2021 Education 22
• knowledge of methods expected of teachers who use the text book. • ideas on how learning materials will be constructed (what? and How?) • ideas on how learning is to be evaluated 07/11/2021 Education 23
07/11/2021 Education 24