Valorization of Tomato Pulp in Animal Feed: Brakes and Levers for the Develop...Premier Publishers
Faced with the challenge of food security in developing countries, the valorization of agricultural by-products in animal feed is an effective strategy if several conditions are met by the various actors in the agro-industrial sectors. This article, based on qualitative surveys of agri-food and livestock industry stakeholders in Algeria, provides an analysis of the brakes and levers for the creation of incentives for the adoption and dissemination of the use of tomato pulp in animal feed. Beyond the technical knowledge on the nutritional values of this by-product and its potential use in animal feed, this work shows that the main strategies currently implemented by food manufacturers for the recovery of tomato pulp remain sporadic and do not offer the possibility of expanding the market for the recovery of tomato pulp. The coordination of the actors in the sector remains the key to creating incentives for the adoption and dissemination of this new animal feed technique.
Why invest in livestock-based options for livelihoods, healthy lives and a su...ILRI
Keynote Address by Modibo Traore (FAO) at the ILRI@40 Conference on livestock-based options for sustainable food and nutritional security, economic well-being and healthy lives, Nairobi, Kenya, 1 October 2014
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Assistant Director General, ILRI, at the 16th Annual General Meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group on Pro-poor-livestock research and development, Berlin, 18-20 November 2015
Innovative processing of cassava peels to livestock feeds—A collaborative pro...ILRI
Presented by Anandan Samireddypalle, Peter Kulakow (IITA), Graham Thiele (CIP), Iheanacho Okike and Michael Blümmel at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (Africa), Durban, South Africa, 1-2 December 2015
Valorization of Tomato Pulp in Animal Feed: Brakes and Levers for the Develop...Premier Publishers
Faced with the challenge of food security in developing countries, the valorization of agricultural by-products in animal feed is an effective strategy if several conditions are met by the various actors in the agro-industrial sectors. This article, based on qualitative surveys of agri-food and livestock industry stakeholders in Algeria, provides an analysis of the brakes and levers for the creation of incentives for the adoption and dissemination of the use of tomato pulp in animal feed. Beyond the technical knowledge on the nutritional values of this by-product and its potential use in animal feed, this work shows that the main strategies currently implemented by food manufacturers for the recovery of tomato pulp remain sporadic and do not offer the possibility of expanding the market for the recovery of tomato pulp. The coordination of the actors in the sector remains the key to creating incentives for the adoption and dissemination of this new animal feed technique.
Why invest in livestock-based options for livelihoods, healthy lives and a su...ILRI
Keynote Address by Modibo Traore (FAO) at the ILRI@40 Conference on livestock-based options for sustainable food and nutritional security, economic well-being and healthy lives, Nairobi, Kenya, 1 October 2014
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Assistant Director General, ILRI, at the 16th Annual General Meeting of the Inter-Agency Donor Group on Pro-poor-livestock research and development, Berlin, 18-20 November 2015
Innovative processing of cassava peels to livestock feeds—A collaborative pro...ILRI
Presented by Anandan Samireddypalle, Peter Kulakow (IITA), Graham Thiele (CIP), Iheanacho Okike and Michael Blümmel at the Global Forum for Innovations in Agriculture (Africa), Durban, South Africa, 1-2 December 2015
Smarter production, nutrition, and waste management, as well as increased animal welfare and better education, have the potential to decrease the impact of livestock farming on our natural resources
Mixed crop-livestock systems: Indispensable means to achieving global food an...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the ADSA (American Dairy Science Association)-ASAS (American Society of Animal Science)-CSAS (Canadian Society of Animal Science) Joint Annual Meeting on Linking Animal Science and Animal Agriculture: Meeting the global demands of 2050, Kansas City, Missouri, 20–24 July 2014
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
Sustainable animal production systems in AfricaILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, Catherine Pfeifer, Mario Herrero, Thomas van Boeckel and Marius Gilbert at the 61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology, France, 23–28 August 2015
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveILRI
A series of presentations by ILRI scientists (Thomas Randolph, Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Timothy Robinson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Alessandra Galie, Alan Duncan, Nils Teufel, Mats Lannerstad, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl, Eric Fèvre, Silvia Alonso and Delia Grace) at a seminar on "Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition, including the role of Livestock" for the Committee on World Food Security High Level Panel of Experts on food security and nutrition (HLPE), Nairobi, Kenya, 8 May 2015.
The global livestock sector: Trends, drivers and implications for society, he...ILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, William Wint, Giulia Conchedda, Giuseppina Cinardi, Thomas Van Boeckel, Michael Macleod, Bernard Bett, Delia Grace and Marius Gilbert at the annual conference of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Chester, UK, 14-15 April 2015.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
The presentation is by P Kumar, IARI and P K Joshi, IFPRI from the one day workshop on ‘Pulses for Nutrition in India: Changing Patterns from Farm-to-Fork’ organized on Jan 14, 2014. The workshop is based on a few studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute under the CGIAR’s Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health. These studies covered the entire domain of pulse sector in India from production to consumption, prices to trade, processing to value addition, and from innovations to the role of private sector in strengthening the entire pulse value chain. These studies were designed to better understand the drivers of changing dynamics of pulses in the value chain from farm-to-fork, and explore opportunities for meeting their availability through increased production, enhanced trade and improved efficiency.
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Dolapo Enahoro and Catherine Pfeifer (ILRI) at the Expert panel: Food of Animal Origin 2030: Solutions to Consumption Driven Challenges, Global Forum for Food and Agriculture 2018, Berlin, Germany
The future of sustainable livestock systems in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presented by Shirley Tarawali at the Expert dialogue: The future of sustainable agriculture. Let’s think about… livestock, German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), 28 June 2022
Smarter production, nutrition, and waste management, as well as increased animal welfare and better education, have the potential to decrease the impact of livestock farming on our natural resources
Mixed crop-livestock systems: Indispensable means to achieving global food an...ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the ADSA (American Dairy Science Association)-ASAS (American Society of Animal Science)-CSAS (Canadian Society of Animal Science) Joint Annual Meeting on Linking Animal Science and Animal Agriculture: Meeting the global demands of 2050, Kansas City, Missouri, 20–24 July 2014
Brian Clancey from STATPUB.com shares Global Pulses Import - Export data in this insightful presentation. Pulses production, demand, trends in import-export and future outlook as presented at India Pulses & Grains Associaiton's 'Global Pulses Conclave 2012.
Sustainable animal production systems in AfricaILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, Catherine Pfeifer, Mario Herrero, Thomas van Boeckel and Marius Gilbert at the 61st International Congress of Meat Science & Technology, France, 23–28 August 2015
Livestock and food security: An ILRI perspectiveILRI
A series of presentations by ILRI scientists (Thomas Randolph, Hikuepi Katjiuongua, Timothy Robinson, Isabelle Baltenweck, Alessandra Galie, Alan Duncan, Nils Teufel, Mats Lannerstad, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl, Eric Fèvre, Silvia Alonso and Delia Grace) at a seminar on "Sustainable Agricultural Development for Food Security and Nutrition, including the role of Livestock" for the Committee on World Food Security High Level Panel of Experts on food security and nutrition (HLPE), Nairobi, Kenya, 8 May 2015.
The global livestock sector: Trends, drivers and implications for society, he...ILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, William Wint, Giulia Conchedda, Giuseppina Cinardi, Thomas Van Boeckel, Michael Macleod, Bernard Bett, Delia Grace and Marius Gilbert at the annual conference of the British Society of Animal Science (BSAS), Chester, UK, 14-15 April 2015.
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
The presentation is by P Kumar, IARI and P K Joshi, IFPRI from the one day workshop on ‘Pulses for Nutrition in India: Changing Patterns from Farm-to-Fork’ organized on Jan 14, 2014. The workshop is based on a few studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute under the CGIAR’s Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health. These studies covered the entire domain of pulse sector in India from production to consumption, prices to trade, processing to value addition, and from innovations to the role of private sector in strengthening the entire pulse value chain. These studies were designed to better understand the drivers of changing dynamics of pulses in the value chain from farm-to-fork, and explore opportunities for meeting their availability through increased production, enhanced trade and improved efficiency.
Presented by Shirley Tarawali, Dolapo Enahoro and Catherine Pfeifer (ILRI) at the Expert panel: Food of Animal Origin 2030: Solutions to Consumption Driven Challenges, Global Forum for Food and Agriculture 2018, Berlin, Germany
The future of sustainable livestock systems in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presented by Shirley Tarawali at the Expert dialogue: The future of sustainable agriculture. Let’s think about… livestock, German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), 28 June 2022
Food security and animal production—What does the future hold?ILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith, Dieter Schillinger, Delia Grace, Tim Robinson and Shirley Tarawali at the IFAH Europe Sustainability Conference, Brussels, 11 June 2015
CURRENT TRENDS AND ISSUES IN SEED INDUSTRY-TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IN DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRIDS
-Dr. Arvind Kapur
CEO, Vegetable Seed Division, RASI Seeds Pvt. Ltd.
Livestock and Climate Change - Tara Garnett, Food Climate Research Network, U...guycollender
During a workshop at the London International Development Centre on 12 June 2009, Tara Garnett gave an overview of livestock and contributions to climate-changing emissions.
The global livestock sector: Trends and health implicationsILRI
Presented by Timothy Robinson, William Wint, Giulia Conchedda, Giuseppina Cinardi, Thomas Van Boeckel, Bernard Bett and Marius Gilbert at the Workshop on Measuring Progress, Biennial Meeting of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (RSTMH), Oxford, 27 September 2014
Marcos S. Jank
SPECIAL EVENT
Transforming Agriculture: Experiences and Insights from Brazil and Beyond
Co-Organized by IFPRI and Embrapa
MAY 15, 2018 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
food waste has been one of the least discussed topics yet so devastating on the environment and human life as global warming and pollution
this ppt discusses the food waste valuation on the global and national context and some of the ways to keep it at bay!
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
1. The future of farming and food
Jimmy Smith, director general,
International Livestock Research Institute
6th Global Feed and Food Congress
Bangkok, Thailand
11-13 March 2019
2. Key messages
• Increases in population, urbanization and income mostly
happening in emerging and developing economies
• Corresponding rise in demand for animal-source foods of all types
• Implications are the demand for feed will also increase in same
regions
• To be ready as a feed sector means:
• Addressing demand
• Along with sustainable development
• Recognizing the role and opportunities to transform small and medium
livestock enterprises
• Which represent new and different opportunities for the feed sector
10. Gains in meat consumption in developing
countries outpace those of developed
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1980 1990 2002 2015 2030 2050
Millionmetrictonnes
developing
developed
11. 0
50
100
150
200
250
E.AsiaPacific
China
SouthAsia
SSA
Highincome
% growth in demand for livestock products to 2030
11
0
50
100
150
200
250
E.AsiaPacific
China
SouthAsia
SSA
Highincome
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
E.AsiaPacific
China
SouthAsia
SSA
Highincome
0
50
100
150
200
250
E.AsiaPacific
China
SouthAsia
SSA
Highincome
Estimates of the % growth in demand for animal source foods in different World regions, comparing 2005 and 2030.
Estimates were developed using the IMPACT model, courtesy Dolapo Enahoro, ILRI.
Beef Pork
Poultry Milk
Increases not because of overconsumption!
OECD average 2018 = 69 kg/capita
SSA average 2018 = 10 kg/capita
15. Demand for feed – greatest in non-OECD and for human
inedible materials
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
2010 OECD 2010 non OECD 2025 OECD 2025 non OECD
Feed demand for meat (cattle, buffaloes, small ruminants, poultry, pigs)
Million tonnes
human edible human inedibe
17. To be ready……………
Respond to demand
• Demand for animal source food will
continue to grow rapidly
• Most of that increase in demand is
in emerging and developing
economies
• In these countries most animal
source foods are currently provided
by small farms
Do so sustainably
• The world is increasingly concerned
about sustainable, healthy diets
• Recognizing and using the diversity
of livestock production now and in
the future is essential for all aspects
of sustainable development
• Feed is a key interface between
animal source foods and the
environment (45% global emissions
from livestock are feed production
and processing)
18. Not just meeting demand:
Sustainable Development Goals
• Livestock contribute to all 17 of the SDGs and directly to at least 8
of the goals
• Negative press about, and low investments in, livestock
development jeopardize Agenda 2030
19. • Livestock contribute to all 17 of the SDGs and directly to at least 8
of the goals
• Negative press about, and low investments in, livestock
development jeopardize Agenda 2030
Not just meeting demand:
Sustainable Development Goals
20. Meeting demand in emerging and developing economies
Importing livestock products Importing livestock industrial
production know-how
Transforming smallholder livestock
systems
21. Importing livestock products
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050
USDmillions
USA CentralAm SEAsia SSAfr NAfr Asia
Estimates of beef imports
Less emissions per unit
product
(some) improved access
to livestock foods
Reduction of waste
livestock products (eg
turkey tails)
Displace small
enterprises
Environmental, welfare,
waste challenges
Food safety (transport)
Opportunity cost of
foreign exchange
24. Importing industrial know-how
Less emissions per unit
product
Markets for inputs and
services
New jobs
Improved access to
livestock foods
Displace small
enterprises
Disease and welfare
challenges
Energy demands
Waste hazards
Food-feed competition
Likely to require feed
imports
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
world 2000world 2050 Africa,
middle
east 2000
Africa,
middle
east 2050
Asia 2000 Asia 2050
Monogastric production by system
smallholder industrial
Almost 20%
remains
smallholder
Biggest change
25. In reality: the starting point
Proportion of livestock-derived foods produced by small farms in 2010
Source: Options for the Livestock Sector
in Developing and Emerging Economies
to 2030 and Beyond. World Economic
Forum White Paper January 2019
26. Transforming smallholders
Win-win: improve
productivity, mitigate
environment, generate
livelihood (and wider
development)
opportunities
Economic growth
Opportunities for circular
bioeconomy
High emissions per unit
product
Low production efficiency
Food safety
Provides food and nutritional security
BUT overconsumption can cause obesity
Powers economic development (livestock is 40% agGDP)
BUT equitable development can be a challenge
Improves human health (essential during first 1000 days)
BUT animal-human/emerging diseases
and unsafe foods need to be addressed
Enhances the environment
BUT pollution, land/water degradation,
GHG emissions and biodiversity losses
must be greatly reduced
27. The central role of feed in transforming the smallholder
livestock sector
• Up to 70% of the cost of production is for feed
• Feed is key to mitigate GHG emissions
o Quality and enteric emissions
o Productivity and emissions per unit product
o Feed production and sourcing
• Opportunities to address feed quality and
quantity without competing with food
o Genetic enhancement of residue quality
o Use of by-products and waste
• New business models for feed preparation and
provision
28. Feed is key to mitigate GHG emissions:
The win-win feed opportunity in developing countries
Emission intensity and milk yield
Big opportunity!
• Feed contributes at
least 25% of the
solution to improving
productivity
• Improved feed also
means less GHG from
enteric fermentation
• This change is
possible without a full
switch to
concentrates
29. Opportunities to address feed quality and quantity
without competing with food
From environmental hazard to high quality feed
50 million metric tonnes/annum cassava peel in Africa could generate over 15 million tonnes feed
Example: transforming (cassava) waste by products
30. Opportunities to address feed quality and quantity
without competing with food
Variation in residue quality without
compromising grain yield
Variation is sufficient to produce
significant productivity results and price
differences
Easy to assess using NIRS = easy to
incorporate into crop breeding and
selection
70% of dairy feed in India is crop residues
Example: incorporate feed parameters into crop breeding
3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 0 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 5 0 5 1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5
1 0 0 0
1 5 0 0
2 0 0 0
2 5 0 0
3 0 0 0
3 5 0 0
4 0 0 0
4 5 0 0
5 0 0 0
5 5 0 0
6 0 0 0
In v itro o rg a n ic m a tte r d ig e s tib ility (IV O M D ; % )
Grainyield(kg/ha)
r= 0 .1 3 ; P = 0 .0 4 ; N = 2 4 4
Stover digestibility and grain yield for sorghum cultivars
31. Opportunities to address feed quality and quantity
without competing with food
Example: Leveraging 2nd generation biofuel technologies
Steam
explosion
treatment
Ammonia fibre
expansion
(AFEX)
2-chemical
combination
treatment
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0
1 8
2 0
2 2
2 4
2 6
2 8
3 0
3 2
3 4
3 6
3 8
4 0
4 2
4 4
4 6
W e e k s o f e x p e rim e n ta tio n
OMI(g/kgLW)
T M R w ith 2 C C tre a te d rice s tra w
T M R w ith ste a m tre a te d rice s tra w
T M R w ith u n tre a te d rice stra w l
x = 3 4 .1
x = 3 9 .9
x = 28.3
+ 3 .9 2 k g L W G
+ 6 .1 2 k g L W G
+ 1 .6 6 k g L W G
R e s p o n s e o f s h e e p fe d to ta l m ix e d ra tio n s c o n ta in in g 7 0 % o f u n tre a te d , 2 C C T
tre a te d a n d s te a m tre a te d ric e s tra w
( Unpublished ILRI-IICT data)
32. Feed business opportunities in emerging and developing
economies
• New markets:
• adapted forages
• storage technologies
• Local feed sector development:
• use of by products
• novel feeds
• Sales and business franchises adapted
to smallholders
33. Future feed demand: opportunities to grasp
• At least 2 billion tonnes more feed needed by 2050
• Almost all demand in developing and emerging economies
• Foresight and modelling to target demand and investment
opportunities
• Develop crop breeding for better by product quality – systematic,
applications of genomics
• Pilot and take to scale use of spin off technologies
• Exploit novel feed resources (eg insects, algae)
• Ensure feed based strategies also combat climate change
• Develop forage seed systems (some locations)
34. Key messages
• Increases in population, urbanization and income mostly
happening in emerging and developing economies
• Corresponding rise in demand for animal-source foods of all types
• Implications are the demand for feed will also increase in same
regions
• To be ready as a feed sector means:
• Addressing demand
• Along with sustainable development
• Recognizing the role and opportunities to transform small and medium
livestock enterprises
• Which represent new and different opportunities for the feed sector
35. Grain use for feed, food and biofuel (000 tonnes) (OECD
prediction based on trends)
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
1800000
2000000
Developed 2018 Developed 2022 Developed 2027 Developing 2018 Developing 2022 Developing 2027
Grain use for feed, food and biofuel
(Grain = wheat, maize, other coarse grains, rice, distillers dry grain, soy)
Feed Food Biofuel
36. Grain use for feed (000 tonnes)
0.00
100,000.00
200,000.00
300,000.00
400,000.00
500,000.00
600,000.00
700,000.00
Developed 2018 Developed 2022 Developed 2027 Developing 2018 Developing 2022 Developing 2027
Chart Title
Wheat Maize Other coarse Rice Distillers dry Soy
37. This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
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