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Functions  & Graphs by Mrs.  Sujata  Tapare Prof. Ramkrishna  More A.C.S. College, Akurdi
What of a function? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Function terminology R Z f 4.3 4 Domain Co-domain Pre-image of 4 Image of 4.3 f  maps   R to Z f(4.3)
Even more functions Not a function  Range 1 2 3 4 5 “ a” “ bb“ “ cccc” “ dd” “ e” 1 2 3 4 5 a e i o u It is a function
Some Elementary Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
5 5 0 -2 Constant function: f(x) = 5 Rational function: f(x) = (4- x 2 )/(x+2) Polynomial function: f(x) = x 2 Identity function: f(x) = x
Functions can be represented in the following ways ,[object Object],If domain and co-domain are By  drawing  graphs. Infinite Sets It can be represented  by means  of formula. Finite Sets
One-one functions ,[object Object],[object Object],1 2 3 4 5 a e i o A one-to-one function 1 2 3 4 5 a e i o A function that is  not one-to-one
One-one functions Function f : R -> R is one-one for any x, y  Є   R,  f(x) = f(y)    x = y. Examples Let f:R  R defined by,  f(x) = 3x – 2 f(x)= f(y)    3x – 2 = 3y – 2    x   = y  Thus, f(x) is one-one Let f:R  R defined by,  f(x) = 3x 2  – 2 f(x)= f(y)    3x 2  –2= 3y 2  –2     3x 2  = 3y 2        x = ± y Thus, f(x) is not one-one
Onto functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
One-to-one   vs.  Onto ,[object Object],1-to-1, not onto Onto, not 1-to-1 Both 1-to-1 and onto Not a function Neither 1-to-1 nor onto 1 2 3 4 a b c 1 2 3 a b c d 1 2 3 4 a b c d 1 2 3 4 a b c d 1 2 3 4 a b c
Bijections ,[object Object],[object Object],1 2 3 4 a b c d
Inverse functions R R f 4.3 8.6 Let f(x) = 2x f -1 f(4.3) f -1 (8.6) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Compositions of functions g f f ○ g g(a) f(a) (f ○ g)(a) g(a) f(g(a)) a A B C
Compositions of functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Not equal!
Useful functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Floor:   x  -5  -4  -3  -2  -1  0  1  2  3  4  5 5 4 3 2 1 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
Limit of a Function ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Continuous Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Differentiable Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
o
o
Differentiable Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Increasing & Decreasing Functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Maxima & Minima of the functions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Mean Value Theorems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
f(a) = f(b) f’(c 1 )=0 f’(c 2 ) = 0 c 1 c 2 a 0 b
o c 1 b a c 2

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Functions and graphs

  • 1. Functions & Graphs by Mrs. Sujata Tapare Prof. Ramkrishna More A.C.S. College, Akurdi
  • 2.
  • 3. Function terminology R Z f 4.3 4 Domain Co-domain Pre-image of 4 Image of 4.3 f maps R to Z f(4.3)
  • 4. Even more functions Not a function Range 1 2 3 4 5 “ a” “ bb“ “ cccc” “ dd” “ e” 1 2 3 4 5 a e i o u It is a function
  • 5.
  • 6. 5 5 0 -2 Constant function: f(x) = 5 Rational function: f(x) = (4- x 2 )/(x+2) Polynomial function: f(x) = x 2 Identity function: f(x) = x
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. One-one functions Function f : R -> R is one-one for any x, y Є R, f(x) = f(y)  x = y. Examples Let f:R  R defined by, f(x) = 3x – 2 f(x)= f(y)  3x – 2 = 3y – 2  x = y Thus, f(x) is one-one Let f:R  R defined by, f(x) = 3x 2 – 2 f(x)= f(y)  3x 2 –2= 3y 2 –2  3x 2 = 3y 2  x = ± y Thus, f(x) is not one-one
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Compositions of functions g f f ○ g g(a) f(a) (f ○ g)(a) g(a) f(g(a)) a A B C
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Floor:  x  -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 2 1 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. o
  • 22. o
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27. f(a) = f(b) f’(c 1 )=0 f’(c 2 ) = 0 c 1 c 2 a 0 b
  • 28. o c 1 b a c 2