The document outlines three periods in the literary history of the Philippines: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. In the pre-colonial period, early forms included epics, legends, riddles and proverbs which were orally transmitted. Literary works were preserved on materials like bark and bamboo. Common forms included riddles, proverbs, chants, poems and epics which taught lessons and explained natural phenomena. The colonial period saw the introduction of Spanish religious works and the development of a formative language. The post-colonial period marked the rise of nationalist literature after independence.