In this book following points has been defined and described.
Define anatomy
Discuss the different fields of anatomy
Identify and describe the integumentary system
Identify and describe the musculoskeletal system
Identify and describe the cardiovascular system
Identify and describe the lymphatic system
Identify and describe the digestive system
Identify and describe the respiratory system
Identify and describe the endocrine system
Identify and describe the urinary system
Identify and describe the reproductive system
Identify and describe the nervous system and special senses
The term anatomy refers to the science that deals with the form and structure of animals. Physiology deals with the study of functions of the body or any of its parts. A thorough knowledge of the structure of an animal imparts a lot of information about the various functions it is capable of performing.
The course may be used as an introductory course to further studies; to assist you in recognising the normal, in order to determine the abnormal; to help you understand how to diagnose disease or determine if an animal has sustained an injury; to help understand the physical capabilities or limitations of particular species; to understand what happens in the nutrition and growth processes; and to assist you to get better performance from your animals.
GONIOMETRY FOR THE LOWERLIMB DISCUSSES IN CONCISE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF GONIOMETERS AVAILABLE FOR MEASURING VARIOUS JOINT ROM, PRINCIPLES OF GONIOMETRY, AND PLACEMENT OF GONIOMETER FOR MEASURING RANGE OF MOTION IN THE LOWER LIMB (HIP, KNEE, ANKLE).
Nurse /doctor will insert two lubricated, gloved fingers into your vagina with one hand, while the other hand presses gently on the outside of your lower abdomen. During this part of the exam, your doctor will check the size and shape of your uterus and ovaries, noting any tender areas or unusual growths.
Goniometry of lower limb joints/ROM of lower limb jointsShalu Thariwal
Goniometer, goniometry, hip joint, knee joint, ankle, ROM, range of motion, hip flexion, knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion and planter flexion, inversion, eversion, alignment, position, fulcrum, stationary arm, moving arm, normal range of motion.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
3. RADIOGRAPH PRINCIPALS
Portable machine most commonly used
FFD 20-30 cm
(aka source-image distance (SID))
Cassette Marker-Cranial or lateral to limb
Animal Positioning: Feet square
Weight evenly distributed
4. Radiographic Aids
Wooden Block:
Allows cassette to extend below
hoof
Cassette Tunnel:
Allows animal to stand on
cassette
Navicular Box:
Supports foot for easier
navicular films
Cassette Holder:
Tunnel with long handle
Allows holder to be away from animal &
primary beam
6. Hoof Preparation
Requires additional preparation
Hoof should be cleaned of debris
Trim sole & frog
Remove shoe for some views
Pack sulci of frog & sole to eliminate artifacts
7. Hoof
Minimum of 5 standard views
Lateromedial View
Patient Placement: Weight bearing on block
Cassette Placement: Medial aspect of limb
On ground, perpendicular to ground
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered at coronary band
8. Hoof
Dorsopalmar/Dorsoplantar View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on block
Cassette Placement: On ground, along
palmar/plantar aspect on limb
Perpendicular to ground
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered at coronary band
9. Hoof
Dorsopalmar/Dorsoplantar Distal Phalanx View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on cassette tunnel
Cassette Placement: Parallel to ground, in cassette tunnel
Beam Center: Proximodistal at 60º angle
Centered just distal to coronary band
60º
Navicular Box
Patient Placement: Affected limb flexed, toe in stand
Cassette Placement: In stand, under foot
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered at coronary band
10. Hoof
Dorsopalmar/Dorsoplantar Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on cassette tunnel
Cassette Placement: Parallel to ground, in cassette tunnel
Beam Center: Proximodistal at 65º angle
Centered at middle of P2
Dorsoproximal-Palmarodistal Oblique
Patient Placement: Affected limb flexed, toe in stand
Cassette Placement: In stand, under foot
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered at coronary band
65º
11. Hoof
Palmaroproximal-Dorsodistal Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on cassette,
extended caudally
Cassette Placement: Parallel to ground
In cassette tunnel
Beam Center: 45º angle, proximodistal
Between heel bulbs
45º
12. Hoof: Additional Views
Dorsolateral-Palmaromedial Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on cassette tunnel
Cassette Placement: Parallel to ground in tunnel
Beam Center: 60º proximodistally
45º off true dorsopalmar
Just distal to coronary band
60º PD
45º Obl
13. Hoof: Additional Views
Dorsomedial-Palmarolateral Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing on cassette tunnel
Cassette Placement: Parallel to ground in tunnel
Beam Center: 60º proximodistally
45º off true dorsopalmar
Just distal to coronary band
60º PD
45º Obl
14. Fetlock
Minimum of 5 standard views
Lateromedial View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Medial aspect of
leg, perpendicular to ground
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on joint
16. Fetlock
Dorsolateral-Palmaromedial Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Palmaromedial aspect of limb
Parallel to pastern angle
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered at joint 45º dorsolateral to
true dorsopalmar
45º DL
17. Fetlock
Dorsomedial-Palmarolateral Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Palmarolateral aspect of limb
Parallel to pastern angle
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered at joint 45º dorsomedial to
true dorsopalmar
45º DM
18. Fetlock
Flexed Lateral View
Patient Position: Affected limb flexed with handler
holding hoof
Cassette Placement: Medial side of limb, parallel to
limb
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered at joint
19. Carpus
5 standard views
Lateromedial View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Medial aspect of leg
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on joint
21. Carpus
Dorsolateral-Palmaromedial Oblique View
Patient Placement: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Palmaromedial
aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered at middle of carpus
30º off true lateromedial
30º off LM
22. Carpus
Dorsomedial-Palmarolateral Oblique View
Patient Placement: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Palmarolateral
aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered at middle of carpus
30º off true mediolateral
30º off ML
23. Carpus
Flexed Lateromedial View
Patient Position:
Affected limb flexed 60º,
handler holding hoof
Cassette Placement:
Medial side of limb, centered at
joint
Beam Center: Parallel to ground
Centered between proximal &
distal rows of carpal bones
24. Tarsus
4 standard views
Lateromedial View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Medial aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on proximal
intertarsal joint
25. Tarsus
Dorsoplantar View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Plantar aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on proximal
intertarsal joint
26. Tarsus
Dorsolateral-Plantarmedial Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Plantaromedial aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on proximal
intertarsal joint 45º off
true lateromedial
45º off LM
27. Tarsus
Dorsomedial-Plantarolateral Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Plantarolateral aspect of limb
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on proximal intertarsal joint 45º off true mediolateral
45º off ML
28. Stifle
3 standard views
Lateromedial View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Medial aspect as
dorsal as possible
Beam Center: Parallel to floor
Centered on joint
Femoral condyles superimposed
29. Stifle
Caudocranial View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Cranial aspect of joint
Parallel to limb angle
Beam Center: Angled parallel to limb proximodistally
Direct toward midsagittal plane
Centered on joint
30. Stifle
Caudolateral-Craniomedial Oblique View
Patient Position: Weight bearing
Cassette Placement: Dorsomedial aspect of limb,
as dorsal as possible
Beam Center: Caudolateral at 30º angle
Lateral to the caudal midsagittal plane
Centered at joint
30º Caudolateral