Reproductive Ultrasonography in animalsSakina Rubab
This is a descriptive presentation on the ultrasonography of female reproductive system as well as male reproductive system too,focusing on disease diagnosis through ultrasonographic images and pregnancy diagnonsis.
Pregnancy Diagnose through Ultrasound + X-Ray in Veterinary FieldDr. Fakhar
Early pregnancy diagnosis is essential for effective management of pregnant animals and early submission of non-pregnant animals for subsequent breeding to reduce calving to conception interval. The present study assessed the accuracy in early pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasonography and estimated the loss due to delayed identification of non-pregnant animals. The main theme of ultrasonography is to check; Fetal Viability, Gestational Age, Appearance of Fetal Structures, Fetal Size, Fetal Number. Frequency usually range from 3.5 - 7.5 MHz. With greater MHz you see more detail but have less depth penetration.
Presented By:
Dr. Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
DVM, M.Phil CMS
University of Agriculture Faislalabad
Reproductive Ultrasonography in animalsSakina Rubab
This is a descriptive presentation on the ultrasonography of female reproductive system as well as male reproductive system too,focusing on disease diagnosis through ultrasonographic images and pregnancy diagnonsis.
Pregnancy Diagnose through Ultrasound + X-Ray in Veterinary FieldDr. Fakhar
Early pregnancy diagnosis is essential for effective management of pregnant animals and early submission of non-pregnant animals for subsequent breeding to reduce calving to conception interval. The present study assessed the accuracy in early pregnancy diagnosis by ultrasonography and estimated the loss due to delayed identification of non-pregnant animals. The main theme of ultrasonography is to check; Fetal Viability, Gestational Age, Appearance of Fetal Structures, Fetal Size, Fetal Number. Frequency usually range from 3.5 - 7.5 MHz. With greater MHz you see more detail but have less depth penetration.
Presented By:
Dr. Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar
DVM, M.Phil CMS
University of Agriculture Faislalabad
This lecture describes the use of ultrasonography in animal reproduction. This lecture would be useful for veterinary students, practitioners, and researchers.
AHRA 2014 Annual Meeting l MD Buyline's Breakout Session: Transitioning to Di...MD Buyline
MD Buyline, the leader of healthcare supply chain management solutions, presented Transitioning to Digital Radiography at the AHRA 2014 Annual Meeting in Washington, DC.
http://www.mdbuyline.com/research-library/articles/transitioning-to-digital-radiography-2/
This lecture describes the use of ultrasonography in animal reproduction. This lecture would be useful for veterinary students, practitioners, and researchers.
AHRA 2014 Annual Meeting l MD Buyline's Breakout Session: Transitioning to Di...MD Buyline
MD Buyline, the leader of healthcare supply chain management solutions, presented Transitioning to Digital Radiography at the AHRA 2014 Annual Meeting in Washington, DC.
http://www.mdbuyline.com/research-library/articles/transitioning-to-digital-radiography-2/
Modern medical imaging has been digitized using various technologies which are described here in this presentation.Presented in Department of radiology, ,B.Sc Medical Imaging technology,Institute of Medicine, Nepal.
Constipation due to difficulty in passing stools once it has reached rectum as a result of Rectorectal Intussusception (Internal Rectal Prolapse) or Rectocele.
Laparoscopic Management Of Pseudocyst Pancreas.pptxVarunraju9
The treatment focus of psedo pancreatic cyst is shifting slowly in to minimally invasive procedures and the scientific data is assuring it's long standing future with good results.
Improve Chances of Delivering a Healthy Baby Antenatal Diagnostic & Implications by Dr. Vivek Rege at HELP
This is part of the HELP Talk series at HELP,Health Education Library for People, the worlds largest free patient education library www.healthlibrary.com
For info log on to www.healthlibrary.com.
Common cattle diseases by Dr.Pavulraj.S, M.V.Sc., Pathology scholar, IVRI (NR...Pavulraj Selvaraj
important bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases of cattle with good quality images for veterinarians in filed and college as well for better diagnosis of diseases in quick review form in presentation mode
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Contrast radiography of bladder and urethra by Dr. Pavulraj. S
1. CONTRAST
RADIOGRAPHY OF
BLADDER AND
URETHRA
Dr. Pavulraj.S
M.V.Sc., (Veterinary Pathologist)
Research fellow
National Research Centre of
Equines, India
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc., Veterinary Pathologist, Research Fellow, NRCE,
India
2. CONTRAST
RADIOGRAPHY OF
BLADDER
• It is a simple, fast, inexpensive
technique
• Provide valuable diagnostic and
prognostic information about bladder
disease
• Clinical indications - dysuria,
pollakiuria, haematuria
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
5. Cystographic technique
• Withheld food for 24 hrs
• Enema given preceding cystography
• All catheters should be sterilized
• Bladder is catheterized
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
6. Contrast media
• Negative contrast media – CO2,
Nitrous oxide
• Positive contrast media – water
soluble organic iodides 20% - 10 ml
per Kg body weight.
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
7. Views
• Lateral
• Ventral left dorsal right
• Ventral right dorsal left
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
8. Procedure
• Positive contrast cytography is performed by
injecting 20% organic iodides solution in to bladder by
urethral catheter
• Double contrast cytography is performed by injecting
a small volume of undiluted +ve contrast medium in to
a empty bladder
Dose – 1 ml for cat, 3 ml for dog. Followed by
bladder distention with –ve contrast medium
• Positive and double contrast procedure is useful than
negative contrast cytography
• Double contrast cytography is superior for assessing
bladder wall lesions and intraluminal filling defects.
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
13. Mucosal changes
• Metaplastic, neoplastic, non-
neoplastic proliferations.
• Appears as a irregular outline along
inside of bladder surface. Ulcers can
be identified with a double contrast
cystography
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
15. Bladder wall thickening
• Normal thickness – 1 mm
• Can use double contrast cytography
• Thickening may be due to
Cellular infiltrations
Fibrous tissue proliferation
Hemorrhage
Trauma
Neoplasia
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
18. Filling defects
• Any thing occupying space with in the
bladder alter normal filling. Defect
area appear as radiolucent
surrounded by +ve contrast medium.
• Size, shape, border, position with in
the bladder and attachment to the
bladder should be examined.
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
30. Pitfalls with cystographic
interpretation
• Changes mimic actual pathologic changes
• Artifacts – created during cystographic procedures
Air bubbles
Small -calculi or small luminal filling defects
Large – bladder wall thickening
Multiple – honey comb appearance
• Pseudo filling defects
Mistaken as bladder neoplasia
It may due to inadequate bladder distension and
external pressure from abdominal structures.
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
34. Contrast radiography of
urethra
• Conduit for urine from bladder
• Female - shorter and wider
• Dog – 3 parts
• Cat - 2 parts
• Contrast radiography used in all
urethral diseases
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
35. Contrast urethrography
• Water soluble organic iodides 15 % used.
• Balloon tipped catheter used. It is
inserted and balloon inflated to prevent
reflux of contrast medium
• 10 – 15 ml in dogs. 5-10 ml in cats
• Radiographic exposure should be done at
the last 2-3 ml of contrast medium
injection
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
39. Views
• Lateral
• Right and left ventro-dorsal oblique
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
40. Female animals
• Difficult
• Balloon tipped catheter inserted into
urethra then balloon inflated and contrast
injected then exposure made during
injection
Vaginocystourethrography
Balloon tipped catheter placed in
vestibule and inflated to occlude the
outflow. +ve contrast medium is injected.
Vagina fills first and then urethra fills.
But it need general anesthesia
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
47. 2. Intramural filling
defects
Due to neoplasm, inflammation
Irregularity of mucosal surface
Widening or narrowing of lumen
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
49. Extramural filling defects
• Due to compression by masses
surround the urethra
• Prostate hyperplasia
• Neoplasm
Mucosal surface will be smooth
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,
50. Extra vasation of
contrast medium
• Urethral rent near bladder neck –
peritoneal cavity
• Urethrocavernous reflux – systemic
venous circulation
• Os penis fracture
• Poor catheter manipulation
Dr.Pavulraj. S., M.V.Sc.,
Veterinary Pathologist,