Determining Age, Height, and Weight
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This document discusses determining the age, height, and weight of horses by examining their teeth and physical characteristics. Key points include: - Horses' ages can be estimated by examining patterns of tooth eruption and wear over time and developmental stages of the teeth. - A horse's height is measured in hands, with one hand equaling 4 inches, and is measured from the ground to the highest point of the withers. - A horse's weight can be measured using a scale, weight tape, or estimated via a body weight formula based on height and body characteristics.
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Determining Age, Height, and Weight
- 1. EQUINE MEDICINE Determining Age, Height, and Weight
- 2. Age Classifications • Foal • Weanling • Yearling • Colt • Stallion • Filly • Mare
- 3. Teeth • Incisors • Centrals • Intermediates • Corners • Canines • May or may not be present • Molars • 24 in adult
- 4. Teeth • Deciduous • 8 days • 8 weeks • 8 months • Permanent • 2 ½-3 yrs • 3 ½-4 yrs • 4 ½-5 yrs Incisors
- 5. Teeth • Cups • Center of infundibulum of tooth • Disappears as horse ages, gone by 8 yrs of age (becomes enamel spot) • Dental Star • Pulp cavity of tooth • Appears at 8 yrs of age in first incisor • Grows larger & darker as horse ages
- 6. Teeth • Angle • Forward and out with age • Surface • Shape changes with age
- 7. Teeth • Tooth Structure • Crown • Root • Enamel • Cement • Dentin • Pulp Cavity
- 8. Teeth • Tooth Eruption • < 2 weeks • Central incisors • 4-6 weeks • Intermediate incisors • 6-10 months • Corner incisors • 1st premolars • 12 months • Dental star
- 9. Teeth • 2 yrs • All incisors in wear • 2nd molar erupts • 2 ½ yrs • Central molars permanent • 3 yrs • Central molar in wear • 3rd premolar erupts • 3 ½ yrs • Intermediate molars permanent
- 10. Teeth • 4 yrs • Canine teeth • 4th premolar eruption • 3rd molar eruption • 4 ½ yrs • Corner incisor eruption • 5 yrs • All incisors in wear
- 11. Teeth 6 years 7 years 8 years 9 years
- 12. Teeth • 10 yrs • Galvayne’s groove • 11 yrs • Incisor hook • 12 yrs • Dental star-central • 13 yrs • Elongation of teeth • 15 yrs • Galvayne’s groove ½ way down tooth 10 years 11 years 12 years 13 years 14 years 15 years
- 13. Teeth • 17 yrs • Lower incisors triangular • Angle increasing • 20 yrs • Galvayne’s groove entire length of tooth 16 years 17 years 18 years
- 14. Teeth • Abnormalities • Parrot mouth • Monkey mouth
- 15. Teeth • Abnormalities • Cribbing • Bishoping
- 16. Teeth • Floating • May alter tooth appearance
- 17. Aging • Face depressions • Pronounced poll • Hollows above eyes • Back hollows • Angular joints • White hairs
- 18. Height • 1 hand=4 inches • Measure from ground to the highest point of the withers
- 19. Weight • Truck or animal scale • Weight tape • Body weight formula