Footings are the lower part of a building's foundation constructed below ground level. They transfer the building's live and dead loads to the soil over a large area to prevent movement of the soil or building. Footings must resist settlement and lateral loads. Their size depends on the allowable bearing capacity of the soil, total load on the footing, and column dimensions. Shear failure can occur at the footing-column connection or within the footing itself. Combined or strap footings are used to distribute loads across property lines or between closely spaced columns.

2. It is the lower part of the
foundation which is constructed
below the Ground level in
solid surface.

3. •Transfer the live and dead
loads of the structure to the
soil over a large enough area
so that neither the soil nor the
building will move.
•Resist settlement & lateral
load.

5. 1.Allowable Bearing capacity of soil(Building codes of various
organizations in different countries gives the allowable bearing capacity
that can be used for proportioning footings)
2. Total load(live load + dead load)
3. Length and width of column

7. The column rested on the footing tends to punch through the
footing due to the shear stress that act around the footing, the
fracture forms a truncated pyramid shaped failure section.
truncated pyramid

9. •Shear failure can also occur, as in a beam or one way slab
at a section a distance d from the face of column.

13. Transverse and longitudinal section

14. • If two columns are so close to each other that their individual footing overlaps then they
are combined to form one.
• Combined footing is also provided if one footing goes beyond the property line.
• The load is evenly distributed.
• A combine footing may be rectangular or trapezoidal in plan

16. Beam shear:

18. `
B

20. Reinforcement placement

21. Strap footing consists of two isolated footings
connected with a structural strap or a lever.

23. • Used in case of
small load.
Brick Foundation

25. Thank you
Mr. VIKAS MEHTA
School of Mechanical and civil engineering
Shoolini University
Village Bajhol, Solan (H.P)
vikasmehta@shooliniuniversity.com
+91 9459268898