Includes exercises that has to be followed by women after post mastectomy. This will make their condition better and increase the body movements easily. Exercise are under in 3 sections based on the duration after surgery.
Definition of Triagea
Triage is the term derived from the French verb trier meaning to sort or to choose
It’s the process by which patients classified according to the type and urgency of their conditions to get the . Right patient to the
Right place at the
Right time with the
Right care provider
Includes exercises that has to be followed by women after post mastectomy. This will make their condition better and increase the body movements easily. Exercise are under in 3 sections based on the duration after surgery.
Definition of Triagea
Triage is the term derived from the French verb trier meaning to sort or to choose
It’s the process by which patients classified according to the type and urgency of their conditions to get the . Right patient to the
Right place at the
Right time with the
Right care provider
A cardiac event monitor is a device that you control to record the electrical activity of your heart (ECG). This device is about the size of a pager. It records your heart rate and rhythm. Cardiac event monitors are used when you need long-term monitoring of symptoms that occur less than daily
medical surgical nursing , nursing management of burn patients, it includes definition, classification of burn injury, clinical manifestaion, assessment of burn injury , management of patient with burn, care given to the patient.
if you like this kindly give your comment and share to others for a education purpose. and follow to my account on slide share to know the update. i tried to give the all information in this slide in detailed. in hope its helpful for you all.
A cardiac event monitor is a device that you control to record the electrical activity of your heart (ECG). This device is about the size of a pager. It records your heart rate and rhythm. Cardiac event monitors are used when you need long-term monitoring of symptoms that occur less than daily
medical surgical nursing , nursing management of burn patients, it includes definition, classification of burn injury, clinical manifestaion, assessment of burn injury , management of patient with burn, care given to the patient.
if you like this kindly give your comment and share to others for a education purpose. and follow to my account on slide share to know the update. i tried to give the all information in this slide in detailed. in hope its helpful for you all.
Common fluids used in anaesthesia and fluid therapyArowojolu Samuel
common fluids used in anaesthesia. fluid therapy in anaesthesia and theatre. emergency fluid replacement. calculation of fluid by anaesthetist. colloids and crystalloids, indication in anaesthesia
Chest physiotherapy (CPT) refers to a group of therapies used in combination to mobilize pulmonary secretions. CPT is helpful to mobilize or loosen the secretions in the lungs and respiratory tract especially for patients with large amount of secretions or ineffective cough.
this slide will help the students and other care provider to know about importance of chest physiotherapy and its practical use and able to write in exam if asked
and to improve nurses in their skills regarding chest physiotherapy as well as to teach to their colleague and students
thank you !!!!
otitis media is the inflammation of the ear drum or tympanic membrane this topic include its definition , etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and its treatment which can be used by nursing students for taking care of the patient suffering from otitis media and for learning for their examination and knowledge purpose
and care of the child with acute otitis media and chronic otitis media and make their family aware about the complication of the otitis media like hearing loss meningitis
Anatomy and physiology of male reproductive systemPallavi Lokhande
The organs of the male reproductive system include the testes, a system of ducts (including the epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra), accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands), and several supporting Structures, including the scrotum and the penis.
and knowledge of this system can help in knowing abnormality in it as well as can be used as study material
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system, consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in human.
and the knowledge of this system give details view regarding respiratory system and its abnormality
vitals sign is the basic parameter used for all the patients to know the vital and general parameter for the patients and any changes in this parameter can cause the life threatening condition for the patients or clients life the proper technique and its alternatives assessment knowledge can help the nurses to improve academic performance and can be apply this knowledge in their clinical practices
pelvic inflammatory disease is the infectious disease in the female upper genital organ and its causes discomfort to the patient and knowledge of this ppt can help the patients and nurses to know the disease process well and can apply this knowledge into their clinical practices
amenorrhea is a condition when female do not have regular mensural cycles by puberty or due to any causes this ppt can help the patient and nurses to gain knowledge about this disease process and apply their knowledge into their clinical practices
abortion or miscarriage is the condition which causes the end of pregnancy before the child can survive extrauterine area this ppt include abortion and its management and this ppt help nurses to know this condition well and apply this condition in their clinical practice
abnormal uterine bleeding or vaginal bleeding the the conditions refer to female genital organ disfunction and term with their meaning this ppt include different bleeding pattern in female its terminology and its management this ppt help the nurses to know the disease condition well and apply this knowledge in their clinical practice and in their academic performance
stomach cancer is the common melignancy in male and female can leads to death of patient this ppt help in knowing the condition and its management and help nurses for their knowledge, to improve academic performance and application in their clinical practice
cancer of rectum is the abnormal proliferation of the rectal cells this ppt will help the nursing students to know the disease process and its management and also this help the students to apply these in their clinical practice and to improve their academic performance
cancer of the larynx is also known as the cancer of voice box and basic knowledge about this is important to treat the patient and give better care for the patient this knowledge will help the nursing students to give better care, to improve their academic performance and to improve their skills in their clinical practice
lungs cancer is the 2nd most common cancer in males with high morbidity and mortality the treatment of this type cancer and its knowledge, awareness is very important in both health care workers and general public this ppt is help nurses to know about this type of cancer and application of this knowledge in there clinical practice and in their theoretical knowledge, examination
documentation and reporting is the basic of nursing care and can be used in all health care setting why, how and when to documented that is described in the ppt the nurses and all health care professional for study, examination and application of this knowledge into their clinical practice
bone marrow transplant is the surgical procedure for replacement of the cancerous or abnormal cells present in the blood or cells and to improve the blood quality and quantity to fight against the diseases and for learning purpose for all the nursing student and application of these knowledge in their clinical practice
directing process is a process of advising, supervision, motivation, and capacity of influence other in any organization, it helps in formulating leader, leadership skills and also can be used as a study material by nurses and nurse manager for their knowledge skill development and application in their clinical practice and examination
oral cancer is the common melignancy in male and can leads to death of patient and social isolation among patient this ppt help in knowing the condition and refers by nurses for their knowledge and application in their clinical practice
cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer in females and death by its meglancy, there are many female who are unaware of this cancer and its treatment, early detection and its treatment can help females in good prognosis and speedly recovery and can be refer by all nursing student for their knowledge, study, improving skills and application in their clinical practices
breast cancer is the malignent condition of breast and it is the 2nd most common cancer in females with needs to be special attention as it its a very private things for female for early detection and its treatment, and provide a brief knowledge regarding breast cancer to all the nursing students and for their application in their c
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
2. L EARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lecture the students will be able to:
• Describe various formulas for fluid calculation of
burn
3. Management of Fluid loss and shock :
For haemodynamic stabilization fluid resuscitation may
be initiated immediately on the basis of the
percentage of burn injury. The goal of fluid
resuscitation is to give sufficient fluid to allow
perfusion of vital organs without over hydrating the
patient and risking later complication and circulatory
overload.
4. Some combination of fluid categories
1) Colloids :- Whole blood, plasma, and plasma
expenders.
2) Electrolyte : Physiologic sodium chloride, Ringer’s
Sol, Hartmann’s Son.
There are some formula which is use is calculating fluid
for Burn patient.
5. 1) The consensus formula
It was agreed that salt and water are essential
requirement of burn patient but that colloid may or
may not be useful during the 1st 2 4 hours to 48
hours post burn.
6. 1) Consensus formula : 2 to 4 ml /kg body Wt % TBSA.
Plan of administer : 1st 8 hours = half should be given
and other half should be given over the next 16
hours.
Calculation e.g. 70 kg pt. with 50% body surface area
burn.
2x70 x50 =7 0 0 0 ml/24 hrs.
e.g. 1st 8 hours = 3 50 0 ml
Next 16 hrs = 3 50 0 ml
7. 2) The Evans Formula
(1) Colloids (bl, plasma, dextran)
1ml x kg body wt. x % BSA burned
(2) Electrolyte 1ml x kg body wt X % BSA
burned.
(3) Glucose (5% in water) 2000 ml for
insensible loss.
Day I : Total all fluids is given in a 24 hrs period. Half of
the cal. Fluid given in the 1st 8 hrs. post burn. The
remaining is spread evenly over the next 16 hrs.
8. Day II : The patient receive half of the colloid, half of
electrolyte and all insensible replacement.
e.g. 70 kg. patient with 50% burn surface area.
Colloids = 1ml x 70x50 = 3500ml
Electrolyte = 1ml x 70x50 = 3500 ml
3500ml +3500ml = 9000ml
Glucose = 2000 ml / 9000 ml.
1st Day Half of 9000 ml is 4500ml in 1st 8 hrs.
4500ml -1000glucose = 3500ml electrolyte & colloids
remaining4500ml is spread evenly over the next 16 hrs.
Day II Colloids = 1750 ml
Electrolyte = 1750 ml
Glucose = 2000 ml
5500 ml
9. 3) The Brooke Army Hospital Formula:
(1) Colloids : 0.5 x kg body wt x% BSA burned
(2) Electrolyte : 1.5xkg body wt x% BSA burned.
(3) Glucose : 2000 ml.
Day 1
Day 2
e.g. 70 mg pt. with 50% burn surface
1) Colloids : 0.5 x 70x50 = 1750 ml
2) Electrolyte : 1.5x70x50 = 5250 ml
3) Glucose : 2000 ml
---------------
9000
Same as even formula
10. Day I : half of 9000 is 4500 ml in 1st 8 hrs. and remaining
is spread evenly over the next 16 hrs.
Day II : Colloids = 875
: Electrolyte = 2625
: Glucose = 2000
----------------------
5500 ml / 24 hrs.
11. 4] The Parkland or Boxter Formula :
4ml x kg of body wt. x % burn
- Half is given in the 1st 8 hrs and rest over the next 16
hrs.
e.g. 70 kg pt. with 50%.
4ml x 70 x 50 = 1400
7000 ml is given in 1st 8 hrs and rest over the next 16
hrs.
12. Hypertonic saline :Conc. solution of NaCl and lactate
with cone. Of 300 mEg. of sodium, administered at a
rate sufficient to maintain desired urinary output
volume
Goal : Increased serum sodium level & osmolality to
reduce edema & pulmonary Complication.
13. Summary
• So far we have discussed about various
formulas for fluid calculation of burn
14. Bibliography
• Lewis et al, Medical Surgical Nursing, Mosby
Elsevier,7th edition.
• Joyce.M.Black et al, Medical Surgical Nursing,
Saunders publication.
• Brunner and Siddhartha, Medical Surgical
Nursing, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.