Hospice Care
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Hospice care aims to improve the quality of life for patients facing life-threatening illnesses and their families through early pain management and treatment of physical, psychosocial and spiritual problems. It recognizes dying as natural and focuses on enhancing remaining life without hastening or postponing death. Hospice care is provided by an interdisciplinary team for physical, social, spiritual and emotional support during the last stages of illness, dying process, and bereavement period to all people without discrimination.
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The course of death and dying has changed tremendously in the past few decades because of social and technological advances. Increases in average life expectancy due to advances in medical science and technology (National Center for Health Statistics, 2010) have influenced our beliefs and attitudes about life and death. The course of illness and dying has changed; at one time, the onset of illness and subsequent death from certain illnesses was sudden and rapid, but now the typical death may be more prolonged. The place where death occurs has moved from the home or community to the hospital, nursing home, or institutional setting. These changes have posed enormous challenges in end-of-life and palliative care.
PALLIATIVE CARE
Palliative care is an interdisciplinary care model that focuses on the comprehensive management of physical, psychological, and existential distress. It is defined as “the active total care of patients whose disease is not responsive to curative treatment.” Control of pain and other symptoms and psychological, social, and spiritual problems is paramount. “The goal of palliative care is the achievement of the best possible quality of life for patients and their families” (World Health Organization [WHO], 1990, p. 7). Palliative care aims to improve the patient's quality of life by identifying physical, psychosocial, and spiritual issues while managing pain and other distressing symptoms. Palliative care “affirms life and regards dying as a normal process; is applicable early in the course of illness, in conjunction with other therapies that are intended to prolong life, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and uses a team approach to address the needs of patients and their families, including bereavement counselling, if indicated” (WHO, 2004, p. 3).
The palliative care model applies throughout the entire course of illness and attempts to address the physical, psychosocial, and spiritual concerns that affect both the quality of life and the quality of dying for patients with life-limiting illnesses at any phase of the disease. It includes interventions that are intended to maintain the quality of life of the patient and family. Although the focus intensifies at the end of life, the priority to provide comfort and attend to the patient's and family's psychosocial concerns remains important throughout the course of the illness. In the model's ideal implementation, patient and family values and decisions are respected, practical needs are addressed, psychosocial and spiritual distress are managed, and comfort care is provided as the individual nears the end of life.
Palliative medicine is the medical specialty dedicated to excellence in palliative care. Palliative care specialists, including social workers, typically work on teams and are involved when patients’ disease is advanced, their life expectancy is limited, and medical and psychosocial concerns become complex and more urgent. In practice, these problems ofte.
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Hospice Care
- 1. PREPARED BY :JYOTI RANABHAT BNS 3RD YEAR Hospice care
- 3. Palliative Care Palliative care is an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual.
- 4. Hospice Hospice care is support and care for persons in the last phase of an incurable disease so that they may live as fully and comfortably as possible.
- 5. Hospice care recognizes that the dying process is a part of the normal process of living and focuses on enhancing the quality of remaining life. affirms life and neither hastens nor postpones death. exists in the hope and belief that though appropriate care, and the promotion of a caring community sensitive to their needs, that individuals and their families may be free to attain a degree of satisfaction in preparation for death.
- 6. recognizes that human growth and development can be a lifelong process. seeks to preserve and promote the inherent potential for growth within individuals and families during the last phase of life. offers palliative care for all individuals and their families without regard to age, gender nationality, race, creed, sexual orientation, disability, diagnosis, availability of a primary care giver, or ability to pay.
- 7. Hospice care contd…. Physical, social, spiritual and emotional care are provided by a clinically-directed interdisciplinary team consisting of patients and their families, professionals and volunteers during the: Last stages of an illness; Dying process; and Bereavement period.
- 10. Hospice Nepal