The document discusses fire prevention and firefighting. It explains the fire triangle and how fires can be extinguished by removing one of the elements - oxygen, heat or fuel. It describes different classes of fires and common causes such as electrical issues, smoking, and combustible materials. The document provides guidance on what to do in a fire emergency and types of portable fire extinguishers for different classes of fires. It emphasizes the importance of selecting the proper extinguisher and reviews the "PASS" method for operating a fire extinguisher.

2. In order that a fire takes place, there has to be :-
•Oxygen to sustain combustion.
•Heat to raise the material to its ignition temperature.
•Fuel or combustible material.
A combination of ‘all’ of the above creates a fire!!

3. But how do we fight a fire??
Fires can be extinguished by Breaking The Fire
Triangle.
Essentially, fire extinguishers put out the fire by taking away one
or more elements of the fire triangle.
When you cut off the heat, it is called cooling
When you cut off the fuel supply, it is called starving
When you cut off the oxygen, it is called smothering
When you attack the fire at the ionic level, it is called inhibition

4. TYPES OF FIRES:
Class A fires occur in ordinary combustible
material such as wood, cloth, paper etc….
Class B fires occur in the vapour-air
mixture over the surface of flammable and
combustible liquids like petrol, diesel,
alcohol etc….
Class C fires involve gases such as LPG,
CNG etc. and energized electrical
equipments.
Class D fires occur in combustible metals
such as manganese, potassium, sodium
etc….

5. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Overloading

6. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Overloading
Loose Connections

7. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Overloading
Loose Connections
Damaged Installations
Misuse of Elec. Meter rooms
Aged Wiring and Installations
Unattended Elec. Appliances

8. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Careless
Smoking
Homes
SMOKING IN BED

9. COMMON CAUSES OF FIRE
Electrical
Careless COMBUSTIBLES
Smoking
Factories & Offices
Homes
DO NOT SMOKE IN WORKING AREAS

10. WHAT TO DO
IN CASE OF FIRE

11. DO NOT RUN

12. DO NOT WASTE TIME FOR
COLLECTING VALUABLES

13. DO NOT PANIC

14. INFORM FIRE BRIGADE ABOUT FIRE
ALERT NEIGHBOURS

15. CALL
FIRE BRIGADE
BY DIALLING
101

16. MAKE EXIT TO GROUND LEVEL
INSTEAD OF TERRACE

17. LIFT
DO NOT USE LIFT TO ESCAPE

18. IF POSSIBLE, USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

19. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
There are different Types
of Fire Extinguishers
for different Type of Fire.
Selecting the
appropriate Fire
Extinguisher
is very important.

20. TYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
• WATER CO2
• FOAM (AFFF)
• DRY CHEMICAL POWDER (ABC, BC, D)
• GAS (CO2, CLEAN AGENT)

21. WATER CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are specially
designed for tackling
Class A fires (wood,
paper, straw, textiles,
coal etc.)
They fight the fire by
cooling, smothering
and starving in
combination.

22. FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
These are ideally suited where
class A & B fires
Aqueous Film Forming Foam or
AFFF is particularly suited to
fight liquid spill fires such as
petrol, oil, fats, paints etc.
It works by forming a film on the
liquid hence smothering and
cooling the fire.

23. CO2 FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are suitable for class B
& C Class of Fire involving
flammable liquids for electrical
equipment.
They cool and starve the fire.

24. POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are multipurpose
fire extinguishers suited for
all three types of fires ie A,
B&C.
They are also suited for D
class of fire when filled
with special powder.
They fight the fire by
smothering, starving and
inhibition.

25. CLEAN AGENT FIRE EXTINGUISHER
These are suitable for A B
& C Class of Fire.
They are environmental
friendly
They are harmless to your
electric and other
equipment
They leave no residue!
Hence, they are called
‘Clean Agents’!!

26. HOW TO OPERATE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Firstly, READ the instructions on the sticker on the
extinguisher!!!!
Remember (P.A.S.S.): Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep.
P - Pull the safety pin from the handle.
A - Aim the extinguisher nozzle or hose at the base of the fire.
S - Squeeze the handle to discharge the agent.
S - Sweep side to side.