This document discusses different forms of energy including kinetic energy, potential energy, and work. It provides formulas for calculating work (work = force x distance), gravitational potential energy (GPE = mgh), and kinetic energy (KE = 1/2mv^2). Several examples are given applying these formulas to calculate the work, GPE, and KE in scenarios like lifting objects, moving objects across distances with forces, and objects in motion. The key objectives are to recall relationships for work, GPE, and KE, and apply these concepts to new problems.

1. Energy, Work &
Power

2. Work

3. Lesson Objectives
O Recall and apply the relationship work
done = force x distance moved in the
direction of the force to new situations or
to solve related problems.

4. Work Done
O Work done by a constant force on an object is the
product of the force and the distance moved by the
object in the direction of the force.
O WD = F x s
F = constant force (in N)
s = distance moved by the object
in the direction of the force (in m)
i.e displacement
O SI Unit: Joule (J)
WD
F s

5. Scenario 1
A file is pushed from left to right with a force
of 10 N for 0.5 m.
Direction of
force applied
Is the object
moving?
If yes, what is
the direction?
Is the direction
of force and
movement the
same?
Calculate the
work done
Left to right
Yes.
Left to right
Yes
𝑊𝐷 = 𝐹 × 𝑠
= 10 × 0.5
= 5 𝐽
This is work done against friction as
friction is overcome in order for the file to
move.
motion
Ff

6. Scenario 2
A wall is being pushed from the left side with
a force of 10 N.
Direction of
force applied
Is the object
moving?
If yes, what is
the direction?
Is the direction
of force and
movement the
same?
Calculate the
work done
Left to right No. No movement
𝑊𝐷 = 𝐹 × 𝑠
= 10 × 0
= 0 𝐽
There is no movement and therefore no
work done.
F

7. Scenario 3
A file is lifted off the table by a force of 10 N
for a distance of 1.2 m.
Direction of
force applied
Is the object
moving?
If yes, what is
the direction?
Is the direction
of force and
movement the
same?
Calculate the
work done
Upwards
Yes.
Upwards
Yes
𝑊𝐷 = 𝐹 × 𝑠
= 10 × 1.2
= 12 𝐽
This is work done against gravity as gravitational
force (weight) is overcome in order for the file to
move.
motio
n
F
W

8. Scenario 4
A file is held at a fixed height of 1.2 m by a force
of
10 N.
Direction of
force applied
Is the object
moving?
If yes, what is
the direction?
Is the direction
of force and
movement the
same?
Calculate the
work done
Upwards No. No movement
𝑊𝐷 = 𝐹 × 𝑠
= 10 × 0
= 0 𝐽
There is no movement and therefore no work done.
F
W

9. Work Done
O No work is done if:
 No applied force
 No motion
 No motion in the direction of the force

10. Practice
O Complete the practice questions for work done.

11. Lesson Objectives
O Show understanding that kinetic energy,
potential energy (chemical, gravitational,
elastic), light energy, thermal energy,
electrical energy and nuclear energy are
examples of different forms of energy.

12. Lesson Objectives
O State that kinetic energy 𝐸 𝑘 =
1
2
𝑚𝑣2
and
potential energy 𝐸 𝑝 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ (for potential
energy changes near the Earth’s surface)
O Apply the relationships for kinetic energy
and potential energy to new situations or
to solve related problems

13. Energy
O Energy is defined as the capacity to do
work.
O SI Unit: joule (J)
O Energy is a scalar quantity.

14. Electrical energy
(covered in Ch 16 –
22)
Thermal energy
(heat)
(covered in Ch 9 – 11)
Light energy
(covered in Ch 13 –
14)
Sound energy
(covered in Ch 15)
Nuclear Energy
Types of Energy

15. Types of Energy
2 main types of energy to be calculated in
this chapter:
O Potential energy (elastic, gravitational and
chemical)
O Kinetic energy

16. Potential Energy
O Potential Energy is the energy stored in
an object due to its position, state or
shape.
O Elastic potential energy is the energy
stored in the wound up spring or a
stretched rubber band.

17. Potential Energy
O Chemical potential energy is energy
stored in fuels and food.

18. Gravitational Potential Energy
O An object placed at a height h from the
ground possesses gravitational potential
energy.
h
ground

19. Gravitational Potential Energy
O Gravitational potential energy is the
energy which a body possesses because
of its position relative to the ground.
O Formula: 𝑮𝑷𝑬 = 𝒎𝒈𝒉
O m = mass of the object (kg)
g = acceleration due to gravity (10 N/kg)
h = height above the ground (m)

20. Gravitational Potential Energy
Practice Qn 1
A girl lifts her school bag of mass 3 kg from the floor
onto her lap through a height of 0.5 m. What is the
gravitational potential energy gained by the bag?
𝐆𝐏𝐄 = 𝒎𝒈𝒉
= 𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎 × 𝟎. 𝟓
= 𝟏𝟓 𝐉

21. Gravitational Potential Energy
Practice Qn 2
How much gravitational potential energy does a 20 kg
box gain when it is moved from a shelf of 0.3 m high to
a shelf of 1.8 m high?
𝐆𝐏𝐄 = 𝒎𝒈𝒉
= 𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎 × 𝟏. 𝟖 − 𝟎. 𝟑
= 𝟑𝟎𝟎 𝐉

22. Kinetic Energy
O Kinetic Energy is the energy a body
possesses due to its motion.
O Everything that moves has kinetic energy.
A stationary object has NO kinetic energy.
O Formula: 𝑲𝑬 =
𝟏
𝟐
𝒎𝒗 𝟐
O m = mass of the object (kg)
v = velocity of the object (m/s)

23. Kinetic Energy
Practice Qn 1
When a trolley of mass 5 kg moves with a velocity of
10 m/s, what is its kinetic energy?
K𝐄 =
𝟏
𝟐
𝒎𝒗 𝟐
=
𝟏
𝟐
× 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎 𝟐
= 𝟐𝟓𝟎 𝐉

24. Kinetic EnergyPractice Qn 2
The Brazuca ball used in FIFA World Cup 2014 weighs
about 500 g. If a ball that has been kicked has kinetic
energy of 100 J, calculate the speed of the ball.
Did you know?
The fastest football shot
ever recorded has the ball
travelling close to 60 m/s.
K𝐄 =
𝟏
𝟐
𝒎𝒗 𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎 =
𝟏
𝟐
× 𝟎. 𝟓 × 𝒗 𝟐
𝒗 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 × 𝟐 × 𝟐
= 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝒗 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎
= 𝟐𝟎 𝐦/𝐬