The document defines work in physics as being done when a force causes an object to move through a displacement. It provides the mathematical formula for work as W = Fd, where W is work, F is the applied force, and d is the displacement. It also states that work is a scalar quantity and defines the SI unit of work as the joule. Examples of positive, negative, and zero work are given based on whether the force and displacement are in the same, opposite, or perpendicular directions.

2. Q. Which agent causes or tends to cause motion in a
body?
A. It is the “force” which causes or tends to cause
motion in a body.
F

3. Q. What is force ?
A. The agent which ;
 Stops or tends to stop the motion
OR
 Produces or tends to produce the motion

4. Q. Which path is the shortest in the figure
shown?
A. 2nd path is the shortest one.
Q. What does the shortest path called?
A. Displacement
1st path
2nd path
A B
3rd path

5. Q. Which quantity depends upon force and
displacement?
A. Work depends upon force and displacement.

6. WORK
 Definition
 Mathematical Form
 Unit
 Cases of Work

7. WORK
In general work is said to be done when
someone pushes against a brick wall
and does not able to move it
A boy studies a book for a few hours
But in Physics work is defined differently

8. WORK
Q. What is work?
A. Work is said to be done when a force acts on a
body and moves it through a certain
displacement.
F
m m
d
Work done by the Force F

9. WORK
Mathematical Form:
F
m m
d
Work done by the Force F

10. WORK
If force is applied on a body and it moves the
body through a displacement ‘d ’, then the work 'W' is
defined by the relation
W = F. d
We have already studied scalars and vectors.
Q. What is the nature of work?
A. Work is a scalar quantity.

11. WORK
 If the force makes an angle θ with the
direction of the displacement then,
 We take the component of the force in the
direction of the displacement

12. WORK
Unit of work:
The SI unit of work is joule (J).
One Joule
When a force of one Newton moves a body
through a distance of one meter in the direction of
force, then the work done is equal to one joule.

13. CASES OF WORK
Positive Work
When force and displacement are in the same
direction
Then θ = 0°
W = F d cos 0°
= Fd x1
= Fd

14. CASES OF WORK
Positive Work
In this case work done is maximum and is
equal to the product of the magnitude of force
and displacement.

15. CASES OF WORK
Example
F
m m
d
Work done by the Force

16. CASES OF WORK
Zero Work
When force is perpendicular to the
displacement
Then θ = 90°
W = F S cos 90°
= Fx0
= 0
In this case work done is zero.

17. CASES OF WORK
Example

18. CASES OF WORK
Negative Work
When force and displacement are in the opposite
direction
Then θ = 180°
W = F d cos 180°
= F d x (-1) cos 180° = -1
W = -Fd

19. CASES OF WORK
d
W
Condition for Negative work

20. ACTIVITY
Given Data
Applied force = F = 300 N
Displacement covered by body = d = 10m
Angle between force and
displacement = θ = 60o
Work done =w =?

21. WORK
Q. What is the definition of work?
A. It is the product of displacement and component
of force along displacement.
Q. What is the unit of work?
A. The unit of work is “joule”.

22. WORK
Q. Give an example of positive work?
A. Pushing something horizontally is an example of
positive work.
Q. Give an example of negative work?
A. Lifting something vertically upwards is an example
of negative work.

23. CASES OF WORK
Q. Give an example of zero work?
A. If a person holds the pail in his hand and walks
along a level surface.
Q. Explain the given figure?

24. THANK YOU