Mumps is an acute infectious disease caused by a RNA virus that has a predilection for glandular and nervous tissue. It is clinically recognized by swelling and tenderness of the parotid glands. While symptoms vary, the annual incidence without immunization is typically 100-1000 cases per 100,000 people. Natural infection confers lifelong immunity. The mumps virus is transmitted through droplets and direct contact, with an incubation period of 2-3 weeks. Prevention relies on the live attenuated mumps vaccine.