Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This document provides information about the Sludge Volume Index (SVI), which is used to monitor the efficiency of aeration systems in activated sludge wastewater treatment processes. SVI is determined by measuring the volume in ml occupied by 1 gram of mixed liquor sample after allowing it to settle for 30 minutes. SVI values indicate the type of process and quality of sludge. A SVI over 200 ml/g indicates bulking sludge, which is undesirable. The document outlines the procedure to determine SVI in a lab and discusses factors that influence SVI values such as plant design, operations, and influent wastewater characteristics.
The document discusses the design of pipe networks for water distribution. It describes various methods for analyzing pressure in distribution systems, including the equivalent pipe method, Hardy Cross method, and graphical method. The equivalent pipe method involves replacing a complex pipe system with a single hydraulically equivalent pipe. The document provides detailed steps for applying the equivalent pipe method to pipes placed in series and parallel. It also describes the Hardy Cross method which balances heads by iteratively correcting assumed pipe flows until the total head loss equals zero.
Introduction to water supply engg. by Prof. D S.Shahdhavalsshah
Introduction to water supply Engineering. Basic definitions in water supply engineering. Importance of water supply engineering.
Financing of water supply schemes. Flow diagram of water supply scheme, layouts of water supply schemes, etc.
The document provides information on different types of intake structures used for collecting surface water. It discusses wet and dry intake towers, as well as submerged and exposed intakes. Trash racks are described as screens used to prevent debris from entering intake structures. Twin well river intake structures are also summarized, which typically include an inlet well, intake pipe, and jack well to lift water from the river to the treatment plant.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This document provides information about the Sludge Volume Index (SVI), which is used to monitor the efficiency of aeration systems in activated sludge wastewater treatment processes. SVI is determined by measuring the volume in ml occupied by 1 gram of mixed liquor sample after allowing it to settle for 30 minutes. SVI values indicate the type of process and quality of sludge. A SVI over 200 ml/g indicates bulking sludge, which is undesirable. The document outlines the procedure to determine SVI in a lab and discusses factors that influence SVI values such as plant design, operations, and influent wastewater characteristics.
The document discusses the design of pipe networks for water distribution. It describes various methods for analyzing pressure in distribution systems, including the equivalent pipe method, Hardy Cross method, and graphical method. The equivalent pipe method involves replacing a complex pipe system with a single hydraulically equivalent pipe. The document provides detailed steps for applying the equivalent pipe method to pipes placed in series and parallel. It also describes the Hardy Cross method which balances heads by iteratively correcting assumed pipe flows until the total head loss equals zero.
Introduction to water supply engg. by Prof. D S.Shahdhavalsshah
Introduction to water supply Engineering. Basic definitions in water supply engineering. Importance of water supply engineering.
Financing of water supply schemes. Flow diagram of water supply scheme, layouts of water supply schemes, etc.
The document provides information on different types of intake structures used for collecting surface water. It discusses wet and dry intake towers, as well as submerged and exposed intakes. Trash racks are described as screens used to prevent debris from entering intake structures. Twin well river intake structures are also summarized, which typically include an inlet well, intake pipe, and jack well to lift water from the river to the treatment plant.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
water demand, types of demand, factors affecting per capita demand, design periods, losses in wastes & thefts, varion in demand, coincident draft,effect of variations on components of water supply schemes, factors affecting design periods, population forecasting methods, problems on population forecasting, etc
This document provides information on the characteristics of wastewater and sewage. It defines key terms like wastewater, sewage, sullage, and discusses the necessity of sewage treatment. It describes the composition of sewage, including water, pathogens, organic particles, and inorganic particles. It also covers the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of sewage. The physical characteristics discussed are color, odor, temperature and turbidity. The chemical characteristics covered include solids, pH, nitrogen content, BOD, COD and population equivalent. The document also discusses the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of sewage and the BOD test and curve.
Water demand and factor affecting water demandAnkit Gola
The document discusses different types of water demand - domestic, public, industrial, commercial, fire, and losses/waste. It provides estimated per capita daily demand amounts for each type according to Indian standards. Factors that affect water demand are also outlined, such as city size, climate, cost of water, distribution systems, supply systems, industries present, water quality, and living habits. Formulas to calculate firefighting water requirements based on population are also presented.
Laboratory manual of water supply and sewerage engineeringTaufique Hasan
This document provides the procedure for determining the total alkalinity of water through titration. It defines alkalinity as the capacity of water to neutralize acids and discusses the significance of alkalinity measurements in water and wastewater treatment. The procedure involves titrating a water sample with sulfuric acid to two end points using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. The ml of acid used is then used to calculate the total, hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate alkalinity concentrations in the sample.
To design a water supply system, the engineer must evaluate water demand. There are several categories of water demand including domestic, public, commercial, industrial, fire, irrigation, and losses/wastes. Typical domestic demand is for drinking, sanitation, washing, and gardening. Public demand includes government buildings and services. Commercial demand serves businesses. Industrial demand supplies manufacturing. Fire demand accounts for fighting fires. Irrigation supplies crops. Losses are from leakage in pipes. The engineer forecasts demand to properly size the system.
Sanitary engineering-1-Water treatment and water supply Ahmed Salem Seaf
This document provides an overview of water supply engineering and sanitary engineering. It discusses environmental engineering and its focus on managing natural resources and protecting the environment. Sanitary engineering is defined as supplying communities with potable water and treating wastewater. The document then covers various water sources, their characteristics, water treatment processes, and the components and design of water intake and collection works.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This document discusses various topics related to water treatment and pollution. It begins by defining environmental pollution and the main types: air, water, soil, noise, radiation, and thermal pollution. It then focuses on water pollution, describing it as the introduction of contaminants into fresh or ocean waters that degrade water quality. The document outlines various water impurities like dissolved gases, salts, suspended matter, and organic matter. It also discusses parameters for assessing domestic and boiler feed water quality. Methods for hard water treatment like lime soda and ion exchange processes are explained. The document concludes with topics like desalination, sewage treatment, and the Winkler method for biochemical oxygen demand testing.
Difference between Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand...Microbiology Note
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are common tests used to measure water pollution. BOD measures the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic matter in a water sample over 5 days. COD measures the amount of oxygen required through an acidified chemical oxidation to chemically oxidize organic matter in water. COD values are generally higher than BOD and provide a measure of oxidizable pollutants that can affect water quality. Both tests help evaluate waste treatment efficiency and determine if effluents will negatively impact receiving water bodies.
Details about Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD) with solved examples. Extra examples are given for homework. You can contact me for details on pratik1516@gmail.com.
This material deals with type-II settling (Hindered settling), mechanism involved in arresting colloidal particles. Definitons, Types of mixing devices, flash mixing, and flocculators
This presentation includes the estimation of storm sewage generated as a result of storm/rainfall events. It includes the detailed usage of rational formula for quantity estimation with solved examples.
The document discusses the importance of protected water supply schemes and outlines several key aspects of planning a public water supply system. It notes that water is essential for human existence and outlines the goals of supplying safe, adequate water quantity while encouraging cleanliness. It also discusses water demands, including domestic, industrial, institutional and fire demands. Various factors are considered when assessing water demands such as per capita consumption rates. Water borne diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and protozoa in contaminated water are also summarized.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
The document provides information on the syllabus and topics covered for an environmental engineering course. It includes details on:
1. The course will have 50 marks for theory and 50 marks for practical components. Various assessments like exams, assignments, attendance will contribute to the final marks.
2. Key topics that will be covered include introduction to environmental engineering, water supply engineering, environmental pollution, legislation and management. Specific topics within water supply engineering like water treatment processes, distribution networks and quality management will be examined.
3. Recommended textbooks and reference materials are provided to guide study on the various topics.
This document discusses wastewater reuse and reclamation. It outlines various wastewater treatment technologies including conventional activated sludge processes and advanced treatments like reverse osmosis. Treated wastewater can be reused for irrigation, industrial uses, groundwater recharge, and potentially potable reuse. However, public health and environmental risks must be considered depending on the level of treatment and end use. With proper management, wastewater reuse provides benefits but improper practices could pose risks to public health and the environment.
Disposal by dilution is a process where treated sewage or effluent is discharged into a river or stream. For dilution to be an effective means of disposal, certain conditions must be met, such as the sewage being relatively fresh, the receiving water having a high dissolved oxygen content, and the receiving water not being used for navigation downstream. The amount of treatment required depends on the dilution factor - a higher dilution factor means less treatment is required. Natural processes like dilution, sedimentation, sunlight, oxidation, and reduction help purify the sewage over time as it mixes with the receiving water.
Collection of sewage & estimation of its dischargeRajdip Bhdaraka
This document provides an overview of wastewater and sewerage systems. It defines wastewater as water used in homes, commercial spaces, and industries that needs treatment and disposal. Effective wastewater collection is important to prevent unhygienic conditions. The document then describes the components of sewerage systems, including different pipe materials used, factors that affect wastewater flow estimates, and methods for calculating peak storm discharge into sewers.
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
water demand, types of demand, factors affecting per capita demand, design periods, losses in wastes & thefts, varion in demand, coincident draft,effect of variations on components of water supply schemes, factors affecting design periods, population forecasting methods, problems on population forecasting, etc
This document provides information on the characteristics of wastewater and sewage. It defines key terms like wastewater, sewage, sullage, and discusses the necessity of sewage treatment. It describes the composition of sewage, including water, pathogens, organic particles, and inorganic particles. It also covers the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of sewage. The physical characteristics discussed are color, odor, temperature and turbidity. The chemical characteristics covered include solids, pH, nitrogen content, BOD, COD and population equivalent. The document also discusses the aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of sewage and the BOD test and curve.
Water demand and factor affecting water demandAnkit Gola
The document discusses different types of water demand - domestic, public, industrial, commercial, fire, and losses/waste. It provides estimated per capita daily demand amounts for each type according to Indian standards. Factors that affect water demand are also outlined, such as city size, climate, cost of water, distribution systems, supply systems, industries present, water quality, and living habits. Formulas to calculate firefighting water requirements based on population are also presented.
Laboratory manual of water supply and sewerage engineeringTaufique Hasan
This document provides the procedure for determining the total alkalinity of water through titration. It defines alkalinity as the capacity of water to neutralize acids and discusses the significance of alkalinity measurements in water and wastewater treatment. The procedure involves titrating a water sample with sulfuric acid to two end points using phenolphthalein and methyl orange indicators. The ml of acid used is then used to calculate the total, hydroxide, carbonate, and bicarbonate alkalinity concentrations in the sample.
To design a water supply system, the engineer must evaluate water demand. There are several categories of water demand including domestic, public, commercial, industrial, fire, irrigation, and losses/wastes. Typical domestic demand is for drinking, sanitation, washing, and gardening. Public demand includes government buildings and services. Commercial demand serves businesses. Industrial demand supplies manufacturing. Fire demand accounts for fighting fires. Irrigation supplies crops. Losses are from leakage in pipes. The engineer forecasts demand to properly size the system.
Sanitary engineering-1-Water treatment and water supply Ahmed Salem Seaf
This document provides an overview of water supply engineering and sanitary engineering. It discusses environmental engineering and its focus on managing natural resources and protecting the environment. Sanitary engineering is defined as supplying communities with potable water and treating wastewater. The document then covers various water sources, their characteristics, water treatment processes, and the components and design of water intake and collection works.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This document discusses various topics related to water treatment and pollution. It begins by defining environmental pollution and the main types: air, water, soil, noise, radiation, and thermal pollution. It then focuses on water pollution, describing it as the introduction of contaminants into fresh or ocean waters that degrade water quality. The document outlines various water impurities like dissolved gases, salts, suspended matter, and organic matter. It also discusses parameters for assessing domestic and boiler feed water quality. Methods for hard water treatment like lime soda and ion exchange processes are explained. The document concludes with topics like desalination, sewage treatment, and the Winkler method for biochemical oxygen demand testing.
Difference between Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand...Microbiology Note
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are common tests used to measure water pollution. BOD measures the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic matter in a water sample over 5 days. COD measures the amount of oxygen required through an acidified chemical oxidation to chemically oxidize organic matter in water. COD values are generally higher than BOD and provide a measure of oxidizable pollutants that can affect water quality. Both tests help evaluate waste treatment efficiency and determine if effluents will negatively impact receiving water bodies.
Details about Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD) with solved examples. Extra examples are given for homework. You can contact me for details on pratik1516@gmail.com.
This material deals with type-II settling (Hindered settling), mechanism involved in arresting colloidal particles. Definitons, Types of mixing devices, flash mixing, and flocculators
This presentation includes the estimation of storm sewage generated as a result of storm/rainfall events. It includes the detailed usage of rational formula for quantity estimation with solved examples.
The document discusses the importance of protected water supply schemes and outlines several key aspects of planning a public water supply system. It notes that water is essential for human existence and outlines the goals of supplying safe, adequate water quantity while encouraging cleanliness. It also discusses water demands, including domestic, industrial, institutional and fire demands. Various factors are considered when assessing water demands such as per capita consumption rates. Water borne diseases caused by bacteria, viruses and protozoa in contaminated water are also summarized.
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
The document provides information on the syllabus and topics covered for an environmental engineering course. It includes details on:
1. The course will have 50 marks for theory and 50 marks for practical components. Various assessments like exams, assignments, attendance will contribute to the final marks.
2. Key topics that will be covered include introduction to environmental engineering, water supply engineering, environmental pollution, legislation and management. Specific topics within water supply engineering like water treatment processes, distribution networks and quality management will be examined.
3. Recommended textbooks and reference materials are provided to guide study on the various topics.
This document discusses wastewater reuse and reclamation. It outlines various wastewater treatment technologies including conventional activated sludge processes and advanced treatments like reverse osmosis. Treated wastewater can be reused for irrigation, industrial uses, groundwater recharge, and potentially potable reuse. However, public health and environmental risks must be considered depending on the level of treatment and end use. With proper management, wastewater reuse provides benefits but improper practices could pose risks to public health and the environment.
Disposal by dilution is a process where treated sewage or effluent is discharged into a river or stream. For dilution to be an effective means of disposal, certain conditions must be met, such as the sewage being relatively fresh, the receiving water having a high dissolved oxygen content, and the receiving water not being used for navigation downstream. The amount of treatment required depends on the dilution factor - a higher dilution factor means less treatment is required. Natural processes like dilution, sedimentation, sunlight, oxidation, and reduction help purify the sewage over time as it mixes with the receiving water.
Collection of sewage & estimation of its dischargeRajdip Bhdaraka
This document provides an overview of wastewater and sewerage systems. It defines wastewater as water used in homes, commercial spaces, and industries that needs treatment and disposal. Effective wastewater collection is important to prevent unhygienic conditions. The document then describes the components of sewerage systems, including different pipe materials used, factors that affect wastewater flow estimates, and methods for calculating peak storm discharge into sewers.
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLUUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
This document contains a question bank for an environmental engineering course covering topics related to sewage collection and treatment, solid waste management, and air pollution. It includes 24 units with over 150 questions on topics such as sewage pumping, sewer systems, wastewater characterization, unit operations, anaerobic treatment methods, self-purification of streams, solid waste management, and air pollution sources. The questions range from short definitions to longer explanations requiring diagrams and detailed responses. The document serves as a resource for instructors to generate exam questions testing students' understanding of key concepts in environmental engineering.
The dairy industry generates large quantities of wastewater from various processing plants. Sources of wastewater include bottling, cheese making, butter, condensed milk, ghee, milk powder, and ice cream plants. Dairy waste is biodegradable but strong in nature. It has high levels of BOD, COD, total solids, oil and grease. Treatment alternatives for dairy waste include use for irrigation after primary treatment, low-cost treatment using screens and stabilization ponds, and advanced secondary treatment using activated sludge process.
Industrial wastewaters have highly variable compositions depending on the industry and materials processed. They can contain high levels of total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and chemical oxygen demand. Unlike domestic sewage, industrial wastewaters may have pH levels outside the normal range of 6-9 and contain high concentrations of dissolved metal salts. The flow patterns of industrial wastewaters differ from domestic sewage in that they are influenced by the operations within a factory rather than daily living activities. Factors like shift work and batch manufacturing can cause wastewater characteristics to vary over time. Industrial wastewaters require consideration of parameters like biodegradability, strength, volumes, variations, and special characteristics that could impact treatment plant operations.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engg-II as per syllabus of solapur university for TE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid College of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
This document outlines the objectives, units, teaching scheme, and reference material for an elective course on industrial waste treatment. The key topics covered include sources and characterization of industrial wastewater, various in-plant waste reduction methods, water quality monitoring, stream classification, sludge disposal, treatment flow diagrams, major industry wastewater treatment, and water pollution control acts and standards. The course aims to provide a thorough understanding of industrial wastewater generation and basic knowledge of treatment options and legislation. Site visits to various industries are included in the term work.
Multiple Choice Questions for GATE 2015CIVILENGINEERING
Topic wise questions
Prepared by Expert Team, Department of Civil Engineering, MIT Moradabad
-akbansal288@gmail.com
-kumarpradeepbit@gmail.com
MMUP exam quastions (provided by people who took the exam)Waseem Ahmad
The document contains multiple choice questions about engineering concepts. It covers topics like materials strength, stresses, concrete properties, structural analysis, transportation engineering, project management, and geotechnical engineering. The questions test understanding of key terms, formulas, and applications across various domains of civil engineering.
API 570 covers inspection, repair, alteration and re-rating procedures for metallic piping systems that have been in-service. It was developed for the petroleum refining and chemical process industries and applies to piping systems for flammable and toxic fluids. The document contains 53 practice questions related to API 570 covering topics like corrosion mechanisms, inspection techniques, qualifications of inspectors and more. Respondents are asked to pick the correct option from the given choices for each question.
This document contains 55 practice questions for API 570 certification. API 570 covers inspection, repair, alteration and re-rating procedures for metallic piping systems that have been in service. Some key points covered include inspection requirements for piping components like injection points, deadlegs, areas under insulation and buried piping. The document also addresses types of piping degradation like corrosion, erosion, fatigue cracking and methods to detect them. Common non-destructive testing methods are discussed along with qualifications for piping inspectors.
This document contains a sample question paper for the GATE 2016 General Aptitude Test. It consists of 10 multiple choice questions in the first section carrying 1 mark each. The topics covered include English grammar, data interpretation, mathematical word problems and logic. The second section contains 5 more complex questions carrying 2 marks each related to data analysis, logical reasoning and mathematics. Sample questions on topics like interest rates, logical inferences, sets and geometry are given. The paper is aimed at testing candidates' general aptitude and logical thinking abilities.
The document contains 72 multiple choice questions related to civil engineering. The questions cover topics such as construction project management (CPM), sewage treatment, water supply, structural engineering, soil mechanics, transportation engineering, surveying, and construction materials. Most of the questions have 4 answer options with only one correct answer.
This document contains a summary of the GATE 2014 exam for Civil Engineering. It includes:
1) An analysis of the exam showing the percentage of questions from different topics. The highest percentage of questions came from geotechnical engineering (12%) and fluid mechanics (12%).
2) A breakdown of the questions in Set 1 of the exam paper showing the topics covered, number of questions, and total marks for each subject area.
3) The document provides the question paper and answer keys for reference.
1. The document provides information about the Post Graduate Common Entrance Test conducted on 08-08-2015 for courses offered by VTU, UVCE and UBDTCE.
2. It lists the instructions for candidates regarding filling the answer sheet correctly, signing the sheet, and preserving the candidate's copy for self-evaluation.
3. The test details include the subjects, duration, number and type of questions, and distribution of marks for different sections. Instructions for candidates during the exam are also provided.
The document contains 55 multiple choice questions related to civil engineering topics like construction management, structures, materials, transportation, environmental engineering and geotechnical engineering. The questions are designed to test objective knowledge of definitions, principles, appropriate applications and industry standards.
This document contains questions from a 7th semester civil engineering examination on environmental engineering and design of sewer systems. It asks students to calculate runoff coefficients and stormwater quantities based on land use data. It also asks questions on sewer design principles like hydraulic formulas, velocity calculations, sewer appurtenances, and house drainage design. Additional questions cover wastewater characterization through BOD tests and conventional wastewater treatment plant processes and units.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
This document contains a chemistry exam with multiple choice, passage, and matching questions across several sections. Section A contains 3 multiple choice questions about chemical compounds and reactions. Section B has 2 multi-select questions about properties of compounds. Section C is a passage with 3 questions about a chemical reaction and properties. Section D has a calculation question. Section E is a matching question between lists. The key is provided with the correct answers.
Mechanical engineering competitive exam previous year question paperdeepa sahu
This document contains 31 multiple choice questions related to mechanical engineering topics such as manufacturing processes, materials, thermodynamics, and mechanics. The questions cover gauges, gas turbines, casting processes, heat engines, hydraulics, welding, combustion, gear trains and more. Correct answers are provided for each question.
(Www.entrance exam.net)-gate civil engineering sample paper 4gulaaab
This document appears to be a past paper for the GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) exam in Civil Engineering from 2007. It contains 75 multiple choice questions testing various topics in civil engineering, including structural analysis, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, environmental engineering, and construction materials. The questions range from basic definitions and calculations to more complex problems involving matrices, differential equations, stress analysis, fluid mechanics, and other topics.
1. This document contains a 35 multiple choice question test on civil engineering topics. The questions cover subjects like building materials, concrete, construction management, and structural analysis.
2. Sample questions include types of cement, properties of timber, workability tests for concrete, and the use of fly ash as a concrete additive.
3. The document provides the questions, possible answer choices for each, and some include additional explanatory text or diagrams. It appears to be an exam preparation or review material for civil engineering students or professionals.
WASTE WATER TREATMENT BY USING INNOVATIVE FILTRATION TECHNIQUEIRJET Journal
This document describes a study on wastewater treatment using an innovative filtration technique. Researchers designed a filtration system using various construction waste materials as the filter media. The system consisted of 3 treatment units with different filter media in each. Greywater was treated through the system and significant reductions in contaminants like BOD, COD, TDS, and hardness were observed. Overall, the innovative filtration technique proved effective at treating greywater while also reusing construction waste materials.
This document provides study material for fluid mechanics and machinery coaching for the GATE and IES exams. It covers topics like fluid properties, pressure measurement devices, flow measurement devices, and flow through pipes. Specifically, it provides 15 practice problems related to fluid properties and pressure measurement devices in Week 1, and 15 problems related to flow measurement devices and flow through pipes in Weeks 2 and 3. The problems cover concepts like viscosity, pressure, flow rate measurement, head loss, friction factors, and pipe flow.
1. This document discusses the design of pipe drainage systems, including determining layout, spacing, depth and diameters of pipes to ensure proper water evacuation.
2. It provides equations to calculate maximum pipe length and diameter based on factors like drainage rate, pipe slope and diameter, and drain spacing.
3. Both uniform and non-uniform flow equations are presented, along with considerations for pipe material (smooth vs. corrugated), increasing pipe diameters along collector lines, and safety factors.
This document appears to be an exam for an Environmental Engineering course, consisting of two pages with multiple choice and short answer questions. Some of the key topics covered include:
- Standards for drinking water quality including limits for chlorides, fluorides, and hardness.
- Objectives of protected water supplies and the principle of coagulation in water treatment.
- Differences between BOD and COD testing of sewage samples.
- Primary treatment of sewage and the applications of BOD testing.
- Design of various water and wastewater treatment units like clarifiers, septic tanks, and slow sand filters.
Designing of Sewage Treatment Plant for Society Level By using Sequential Bat...IRJET Journal
The document describes the design of a sewage treatment plant (STP) for a residential society using Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) technology. Key aspects of the design include:
1) The STP will treat 80,000 liters per day (80 KLD) of sewage generated by 500-600 people in the society.
2) The STP design includes tanks for screening, grit removal, equalization, aeration, clarification, and sludge/effluent storage.
3) The aeration tank volume is designed to be 40 cubic meters to treat the sewage using a 4 hour SBR cycle with 3 batches per day. Oxygen requirements and blower sizing
Similar to Environmental engineering ii objective questions (20)
The document discusses indoor and outdoor air pollution. It notes that indoor air pollution is usually a greater threat than outdoor pollution, as indoor pollution levels can be up to 70 times higher. Major indoor pollutants in developed countries include tobacco smoke, formaldehyde, radon gas, and fine particles. Unventilated burning of biomass in developing countries for cooking and heating leads to high indoor pollution levels and over 1.6 million deaths per year globally. Reducing indoor pollution requires using low-toxicity building materials, monitoring air quality, and allowing better mixing of indoor and outdoor air.
The document summarizes information from public health reports on the decline of typhoid fever in the late 19th/early 20th century. It finds that:
1) The decline happened gradually over time and was not associated with any centralized intervention like water filtration or chlorination.
2) Improved personal hygiene was likely the dominant factor in reducing typhoid, as the disease spread through food preparation with contaminated hands rather than centralized systems like water or milk.
3) Other factors like refrigeration and commercial/home refrigeration may have reduced summertime increases in typhoid by limiting bacterial growth in food.
An oxidation pond needs to be designed for a location at 28 degrees latitude to serve a population of 10,000 people. The pond should reduce BOD levels from 300 mg/L to 30 mg/L given an inlet flow of 120 Lpcd, a BOD loading of 200 kg/ha/d, a temperature range of 15-25 degrees C, and a pond removal constant of 0.1/d at 20 degrees C.
This document discusses various communicable diseases and their transmission and prevention. It covers diseases spread through oral-fecal transmission like typhoid, dysentery, cholera, and hepatitis A. It also discusses airborne diseases like the common cold, measles, influenza, and tuberculosis. Vector-borne diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, like malaria, are also covered. Prevention focuses on proper sanitation, hygiene, vaccination, and controlling insect vectors to interrupt disease transmission.
This document provides information on various rural sanitation systems and technologies. It discusses traditional practices like open defecation and dry latrines. It then describes improved sanitation options like flush toilets, ecological sanitation, and government sanitation programs in India like the Central Rural Sanitation Programme and Total Sanitation Campaign. Specific system details are provided for ventilated pit latrines, borehole latrines, dug well latrines, pour flush latrines, and septic tanks. The document emphasizes the importance of sanitation for public health and moving communities towards ending open defecation."
The document discusses various methods for treating wastewater, including removing nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metals. It describes the biological processes of nitrification and denitrification for removing nitrogen. Nitrification converts ammonia to nitrates while denitrification converts nitrates to nitrogen gas. Phosphorus can be removed through chemical precipitation or biological removal by certain bacteria. Heavy metals are removed using physico-chemical methods like adsorption, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis.
This document contains homework questions regarding calculating dissolved oxygen (DO) sag curves for wastewater discharge into surface streams. It provides information on stream and effluent characteristics, formulas for calculating DO concentration over time and distance from the discharge point, and asks the student to use the information and formulas to answer multiple questions. These include calculating DO levels over time after mixing, maximum BOD discharge limits to maintain minimum DO standards, critical DO deficit levels and times/locations, and drawing DO sag curves for different BOD loadings from multiple discharge points.
Using data provided about a river and wastewater effluent, the document discusses:
1) Calculating the dissolved oxygen concentration in the river two days after mixing with the effluent.
2) Determining the lowest dissolved oxygen concentration that will result from the waste discharge.
3) Solving practice problems using the Streeter-Phelps equation to model dissolved oxygen sag curves in streams impacted by biochemical oxygen demand from wastewater.
This document discusses industrial wastewater treatment and management. It provides an overview of equalization, which is a method used to retain wastewater in basins so that the effluent discharged is uniform in characteristics like pH, turbidity, BOD, etc. This helps improve sedimentation efficiency, increase biological process efficiency by minimizing shock loads, and allows for automated control of treatment operations. Equalization basins are sometimes aerated to provide better mixing, chemical oxidation, some biological oxidation, and prevent solids settling. The capacity and detention period of equalization tanks needs to be sufficient to homogenize the wastewater flows.
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
The document provides information on the Water Pollution Control Act of 1974 in India. It discusses the organizational setup and functions of the Central and State Pollution Control Boards established by the Act. It also defines key terms like pollution and trade effluent. Additional topics covered include common effluent treatment plants, acclimatization of bacteria to treat industrial waste, minimum national standards for effluent discharge, and the process for conducting a waste audit.
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
The document discusses the major contaminants found in wastewater and their appropriate treatment methods. The contaminants include suspended solids, biodegradable organics, pathogens, nutrients, refractory organics, heavy metals, and dissolved inorganic solids. Treatment methods are classified as physical, chemical, or biological unit operations/processes. Physical processes involve forces like screening and sedimentation. Chemical processes use additions of chemicals through precipitation or disinfection. Biological treatments use microorganisms to break down organics in processes like activated sludge or trickling filters. Each contaminant has one or more treatment methods recommended based on their removal via physical, chemical, or biological means.
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
This document discusses various methods for removing dissolved solids from industrial wastewater, including inorganic and organic solids. It describes four key methods for removing inorganic solids: evaporation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and electrodialysis. For organic solids, the most common technique is adsorption using activated carbon due to its extremely large surface area. Pretreatment is important with methods like reverse osmosis to prevent membrane fouling.
This document discusses various aspects of self-purification of streams, including:
1. Water pollution can come from point sources like factories or sewage systems, which are easier to identify and control, or non-point sources like agricultural runoff, which are harder to control.
2. Self-purification occurs through dilution, dispersion, sedimentation, oxidation, reduction, and effects of temperature and sunlight. Bacteria break down organic pollutants, using up dissolved oxygen.
3. A DO sag curve shows how dissolved oxygen levels decrease from the input point due to biochemical oxygen demand, before eventually reaching a critical point and recovering further downstream.
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model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
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CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
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referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
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in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
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china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
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Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
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1. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 1
Environmental Engineering- II
Unit Wise Objective Question Bank
Unit-I
Collection and Conveyance of sewage
1. In absence of exact data the wastewater flow is considered as _____% of water
supply.
a) 70 b) 80
c) 90 d) 95
2. For a town with 20,000 to 50,000 population the population density per hectare
is _____________
a) 150 – 200 b) 200 – 250
c) 250 – 300 d) 300 – 400
3. Design period of a sewer network is considered as __________ years.
a) 15 b) 20
c) 25 d) 30
4. For average sewage production of 135 Lit/c/day the population should be
__________ Lacs.
a) < 2 b) 2 – 5
c) 5 – 7 d) 7 – 10
5. Minimum rate of groundwater infiltration for sewers laid below ground water
table is considered as __________ Lit/km/d.
a) 200 b) 300
c) 500 d) 1000
6. Maximum monthly peak flow is ____________ times annual average flow.
a) 1.2 b) 1.4
c) 1.5 d) 1.8
7. Peak factor for contributory population 20,000 to 50,000 is ___________
a) 1.5 b) 2.25
c) 2.5 d) 3
8. In Kuichling’s formula of rainfall intensity the unit of ‘t’ is __________
a) Sec b) Min
c) Hr d) Day
9. Self cleansing velocity to carry wastewater with fine sand and clay is
___________ m/s.
a) 0.075 b) 0.10
c) 0.15 d) 0.20
2. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 2
10. Non scouring velocity (m/s) for stoneware sewer material is ________
a) 0.6 – 1.2 b) 1.2 – 2.5
c) 2.5 – 3 d) 3 – 4.5
11. In a circular sewer for d/D = 0.5 the r/R is _________
a) 0.857 b) 1.0
c) 1.110 d) ≥ 1.110
12. Dry Weather Flow (DWF) is the flow in sewers available in ________ periods.
a) Rainy b) Non-rainfall
c) Both a and b d) None of these
13. Pumping machinery is designed for period ___________ years.
a) 1 0 b) 15
c) 2 0 d) 30
14. For a town having population above 1,00,000 the density of population
considered is _______ people/hectare.
a) 250 – 300 b) 300 – 350
c) 350 – 1000 d) 1000 – 2000
15. For population more than 10 lacs the rate of water supply is _________
lit/capita/day.
a) 50 – 100 b) 100 – 150
c) 150 – 200 d) 200 – 250
16. For population between 5 to 10 lacs the sewage production is ________
lit/capita/day.
a) 110 – 120 b) 130 – 140
c) 150 – 170 d) 180 – 200
17. The value of Manning’s N for smooth plastic is____________
a) 0.011 b) 0.010
c) 0.013 d) 0.012
18. The value of Hazen and William’s coefficient C for A.C. pipes is ___________
a) 110 b) 120
c) 130 d) 140
19. Max. permissible velocity for unlined storm water drain for rock and gravel
is ____________ m/sec.
a) 1.0 b) 1.5
c) 2.0 d) 2.1
20. Separate system of sewerage is a type of _____________ system.
a) Water carriage b) Conservancy
c) Both a & b d) None of these
21. Match the pairs
Indicators Tests
a. Starch i. COD
3. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 3
b. Ferroin ii. DO
c. PP and MO iii. Chlorides
d. Potassium chromate iv. Alkalinity/Acidity
22. For a town having population upto 5000 the density of population per hectare
is considered as _______________
a) 50 – 75 b) 75 – 150
c) 100 – 200 d) 200 – 300
23. The design period for main sewers is considered as ____________ years.
a) 10 b) 20
c) 30 d) 40
24. For population below 2 lacs the rate of water supply is considered as ______Lit/
c/d.
a) 100 – 130 b) 130 – 160
c) 150 – 170 d) 180 – 200
25. For population between 2 to 5 lacs the sewage production is considered as
_____________ Lit/c/d.
a) 100 – 110 b) 110 – 120
c) 130 – 140 d) 150 – 170
26. In Babbit’s formula Qmax = (5 x Qavg)/ (P0.2
) the value of P is restricted to maximum
_________
a) 1 b) 10
c) 100 d) 1000
27. For contributory population upto 20,000 the peak factor is ___________
a) 2.5 b) 3.0
c) 3.5 d) 4
28. Kvichling’s impermeability factor for water tight roof surface is _____________
a) 0.7 to 0.95 b) 0.85 to 0.90
c) 0.9 to 1.0 d) 1 to 2
29. As per U.S. Minstry of health formula value of constant a for 5 to 20 min.
storm duration is ________
a) 10 b) 20
c) 30 d) 40
30. For sewer diameter 15 to 25 cm the self cleansing velocity required is
_____________ cm/sec.
a) 75 b) 100
c) 125 d) 150
31. For transport of fine gravel the self cleansing velocity required is ________
cm/sec.
a) 15 b) 20
c) 25 d) 30
4. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 4
32. For circular sewer running fill the value of H.M.D. is _________
a) D/4 b) D/2
c) D d) 2D
33. Spacing of manholes is recommended by IS __________________
a) 800 b) 456
c) 2470 d) 1742
34. The design period of sewer is _________ years.
a) 15 b) 20
c) 30 d) 25
35. Pumping machinery is designed for _________ years.
a) 15 b) 20
c) 25 d) 30
36. As per CPHEEO for town having population 50,000 to 1,00,000 the density of
population per hectare is ________.
a) 150-250 b) 250-300
c) 300-350 d) 350-500
37. For population below 2,00,000 the sewage production is _____.
a) 50-100 b) 75-100
c) 110-120 d) 120-150
38. In Babit’s formula for finding out variations in the rate of sewage the minimum
value of P is _____.
a) 0 b) 0.5
c) 0.85 d) 1.0
39. For design of sewers the peak factor for population above 7,50,000 is considered as
_______.
a) 2.0 b) 2.25
c) 2.5 d) 3.0
40. In hydraulic design of sewers Bazin’s constant k in Bazin’s formula for good earth
channel is ______.
a) 0,25 b) 0.50
c) 0.75 d) 0.92
41. Self cleansing velocity for transport of fine sand and clay is _____cm/sec.
a) 5 b) 7.5
c) 15 d) 30
42. Self cleansing velocity for sewer having diameter above 60 cm is _______cm/sec.
a) 60 b) 75
c) 100 d) 150
43. In typical wastewater BOD5 at 200
C for weak concentration is ______ mg/lit
a) 50 b) 110
5. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 5
c) 220 d) 300
44. HMD of sewer running full is _______.
a) D/4 b) D/2
c) D d) 2D
45. BOD5 at 20°C of strong domestic waste water is about ______mg/L.
a) 300 b) 400
c) 500 d) 600
46. The sewerage system originates from ___________.
a) Outfall sewer b) Main sewer
c) House sewer d) None of these
47. A sewer which receives the discharge from a number of independent houses is
known as _____________.
a) Intercepting sewer b) House sewer
c) Lateral sewer d) None of these
48. Combined sewer system carries ______________.
a) Sewage and storm water b) Only storm water
c) Only sewage d) Some times LPG gases
49. The sewer which transports the sewage to the point of treatment is called
_____________.
a) House sewer b) Lateral sewer
c) Outfall sewer d) None of these
50. The ratio of mainimum hourly flow to the average flow of sewage is ____________.
a) 1/3 b) 1/2
c) 1/4 d) 3
51. The most suitable section of a sewer in a separate sewerage system is ___________.
a) Rectangular b) Circular
c) Egg shaped d) Parabolic
52. The most suitable section of a sewer in a combined sewerage system is
___________.
a) Rectangular b) Circular
c) Egg shaped d) Parabolic
53. The flow velocity of sewer does not depend upon ____________.
a) Its grade b) Its length
c) Its hydraulic mean depth d) Its roughness
54. Manholes are made circular : _______________________.
a) For architectural reasons b) To strengthen the cover
c) To prevent falling of cover into the
manhole
d) To make entry convinient
6. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 6
55. Manholes are generally located ____________________________________.
a) At all changes of direction of sewer b) At all changes of gradients of
sewer
c) At all junctions of different sewers d) All of above
56. _____________gas/gases can be found in sewers.
a) H2S b) CO2
c) CH4 d) All of above
57. Appropriate percentage of water in the sewage is ________%.
a) 90 b) 99
c) 99.90 d) 99.99
58. Well oxidized sewage will contain nitrogen, in the form of ___________.
a) nitrites b) nitrates
c) Free ammonia d) All of above
59. Imhoff cone is used to measure ______________ solids in the sewage.
a) Volatile b) Suspended
c) Settleable d) None of these
60. Minimum DO prescribed for a river stream to avoid fish kill is ______mg/lit
a) 2 b) 4
c) 8 d) 10
61. For BOD test standard temperature refers to ____0
C.
a) 10 b) 105
c) 20 d) 550
62. In COD test organic matter is oxidized by ________________.
a) K2Cr2O7 b) H2SO4
c) K2CrO4 d) All of above
63. COD is always _____________ than BOD.
a) lesser b) greater
c) Equal d) No such relation
64. In COD test, ____________________ is used as oxidizing agent.
a) Potassium dichromate b) Sulphuric acid
c) Mercuric sulphate d) None of these
65. In solids test, for finding SS concentration, ___________________filter paper is
used.
a) Whatman’s b) Catman
c) Batman d) Hatman
66. Before discharging the foul sewage in the rivers, it is generally treated
7. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 7
by_________________________________________________________.
a) Screen chamber and grit removal
tank
b) Primary sedimentation tank
c) Activated sludge process followed
by disinfection
d) All of above
67. With self cleansing velocity of the sewer ________________________________.
a) Silting occurs at bottom b) Scouring occurs at bottom
c) Both silting and scouring occurs at
bottom
d) Neither silting nor scouring
occurs at bottom
68. In COD test organic matter is oxidized by Potassieum Dichromate in presence of
_____________________________.
a) HCL b) H2SO4
c) HNO3 d) All of above
69. The wastewater from bathrooms, kitchens, washing places and wash basins is known
as_______________.
a) Sullage b) Rubbish
c) Refuse d) None of these
70. The ground water which finds entry into sewers through leaks is known
as___________________.
a) Subsoil water b) Surface water
c) Polluted water d) All of above
71. In COD test, _______________ acts as a catalyst which enables dichromate to
oxidize low molecular weight fatty acids and straight chain aliphatic compounds.
a) Silver sulphate b) Mercuric sulphate
c) Sewage d) None of these
72. In COD test, ______________ is added in sample to prevent interference of
chlorides in wastewater.
a) Silver sulphate b) Mercuric sulphate
c) Sewage d) None of these
73. Choose correct option and tick mark the same in the box provided against it :
Standard BOD means ________________
a) BOD measures after 7 days at 27°C b) BOD measures after 1 days at
25°C
c) BOD measures after 5 days at 20°C d) None of these
74. Quantity of wastewater flowing through sewers in dry season is known as
_____________
a) WWF b) DWF
c) Storm water flow d) Sullage
8. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 8
75. _______________ sewer collects sewage directly from houses.
a) Trunk b) Lateral
c) Sub main d) All of above
76. Pick out the odd one ____________
a) Sutro weir b) Parshall flume
c) Proportional flow weir d) V-notch
9. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 9
Unit-II
Unit operations
1. ASP is a ___________ treatment.
a) anaerobic b) aerobic
c) facultative d) none of these
2. Medium bar screens have clear openings of __________ mm.
a) 10 to 20 b) 20 to 50
c) 50 to 75 d) 75 to 100
3. Molecular weight of Alum is _______
a) 500 b) 670.2
c) 666.7 d) 730.1
4. Hydraulic loading rate for low rate trickling filters is __________ m3
/d/m2
.
a) 0.5 to 2 b) 1 to 4
c) 2 to 5 d) 5 to 8
5. Organic loading rate for high rate trickling filter is ___________ kg/d/m3
.
a) 100 – 400 b) 400 – 600
c) 500 – 1000 d) 1000 – 2000
6. Lower F/M ratioin a conventional ASP will mean __________________.
a) Lower BOD removal b) Higher BOD removal
c) No effect on BOD removal d) None of these
7. The term sludge age is associated with _______.
a) Aeration b) Sedimentation
c) Trickling filter d) None of these
8. For low rate trickling filters hydraulic loading rate considered is ________m3
/m2
/d.
a) 0.5 -1 b) 1 - 4
c) 4 - 6 d) 6 - 10
9. _____________ is recycled in ASP.
a) Sludge b) Sewage
c) Screenings d) Grit material
11. _________________ is recycled in trickling filter.
a) Sludge b) Sewage
c) Screenings d) Grit material
12. Length of grit chamber shall be in the range of _______________
a) 10 to 18 b) 2 to 5
c) 15 to 20 d) More than 20
10. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 10
13. Unit of SVI is ____________.
a) ml/gm b) mm/gm
c) Lit/kg d) None of above
14. Pick out the odd one - _________.
a) Screen chamber b) Grit chamber
c) PST d) Septic tank
15. ______________________________ is essentially a extended aeration system
a) Oxidation pond b) Oxidation ditch
c) Grit chamber d) Septic tank
16. Grit chamber removes particles having Sp. Gr. in the range of _____ to _____.
a) 2.2.,2.65 b) 2.4,2.65
c) 2,3 d) 1,1.5
17. Purpose of screen chamber is , to _______________________________________.
a) Remove large Suspended Solids c) Protect the pumps from clogging
b) Prevent the pipes from clogging d) All of above
18. Purpose of grit chamber is, to _______________________________________.
a) Remove heavy settleable solids c) Protect the pumps from wear
and abrasion
b) Protect digesters d) All of above
19. Velocity control devices are provided in _____________.
a) Screen chambers b) Aeration tank
c) Grit chamber d) PST
20. Detention period varies from __________ sec, in grit chambers
a) 45 to 90 b) 100 to 150
c) 10 to 45 d) None of these
21. _______________________ can be used to control velocity of flow in grit
chambers.
a) Sutro weir b) Proportional flow weir
c) Parabolic grit chamber d) All of above
22. Horizontal flow velocity in case of grit chambers should be _______cm/sec.
a) 15 to 30 b) 30 to 45
c) 45 to 60 d) 1 to 3
23. Proportional flow weir can be used in grit chamber, when cross section is of
_______________ shape.
a) Rectangular b) Circular
11. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 11
c) Parabolic d) Triangular
24. Parshall Flume can be used in grit chamber, when cross section is of
_______________ shape.
a) Parabolic b) Circular
c) Rectangular d) Triangular
25. Angle of inclination of bars in screen chamber varies from _________0
.
a) 30 to 80 b) 10 to 45
c) 90 to 120 d) None of these
26. Facultative bacteria are those which can survive in _________________.
a) Presence of oxygen b) Absence of free oxygen
c) Both a) and b) d) Liquid nitrogen
27. In trickling filters, slime layer formed is aerobic up to depth of ____________mm.
a) 0.1 to 0.2 b) 0.5 to 0.6
c) 0.01 to 0.02 d) 0.9 to 1.0
28. _______ rate trickling filters require large area.
a) High b) Low
c) Falling head d) Constant head
29. In case of trickling filter ventilation takes place because of __________ difference
between, sewage and surrounding air.
a) Level b) Colour
c) Temperature d) All of above
30. Depth of low rate trickling filter varied from _____________m.
a) 1.8 to 3 b) 2.5 to 4
c) 3 to 5 d) 1 to 1.8
31. Under drainage system is provided in trickling filters, to
______________________________.
a) Carry away liquid effluent b) To carry away sloughed
biological solids
c) To distribute air through the bed d) All of above
32. Under drainage system in low rate trickling filter should run _______________.
a) Full b) Partially full (less than 50%)
c) Empty d) None of these
33. In low rate trickling filters, filter walls may be made of _______________________.
a) Brick masonry b) Stone masonry
c) RCC d) All of above
34. For low rate trickling filters, speed of rotation of distributor arm is _____rpm for
small sized distributors.
a) 2 b) 3
c) 4 d) 5
12. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
TE (CIVIL) Div- A and B Page 12
35. Influent BOD5 of low rate trickling filter is 300 mg/lit and effluent BOD5 is 30
mg/lit. The efficiency of trickling filter is equal to _____________ %.
a) 80 b) 50
c) 0.9 d) 90
36. A trickling filter is operating with efficiency of 90%, if its effluent BOD5 is 25
mg/lit, then its influent BOD5 would be __________mg/lit.
a) 250 b) 0.250
c) 350 d) 450
37. A trickling filter is operating with efficiency of 90%, if its influent BOD5 is 350
mg/lit, then its effluent BOD5 would be __________mg/lit.
a) 250 b) 0.250
c) 315 d) 450
38. Moisture content of sludge obtained from trickling filter system is as high as ____%
a) 99 b) 100
c) 98 d) 95.99
39. Effluent obtained from low trickling filter is highly ________________.
a) Nitrified b) Stabilised
c) Both a) and b) d) None of these
40. ______________ consists of returning a portion of the treated or partly treated
sewage to the treatment.
a) Recalculation b) Reaeration
c) Prechlorination d) Recirculation
41. Secondary effluent from the high rate trickling filter is ____________________.
a) Not fully oxidised b) Brownish black in colour
c) Contains fine particles d) All of above
42. Secondary effluent from the low rate trickling filter is ____________________.
a) Fully oxidized b) Black in colour
c) Contains light fine particles d) All of above
43. Effluent obtained from high trickling filter is ________________.
a) Not fully Nitrified b) Not fully Stabilised
c) Nitrified d) Stabilised
44. For high rate trickling filters recirculation ratio usually ranges from _______.
a) 0.5 to 3 b) 0.6 to 8
c) 6 to 5 d) 0.5 to 1
45. Attached growth process include ________________________________.
a) ASP b) Aerated lagoon
c) Sludge digestion systems d) All of above
46. Sewage in the aeration tank is referred as _____________.
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a) Black liquor b) Brown liquor
c) Mixed liquor d) Sweet liquor
47. If volume of aeration tank is 15500 m3
and influent flow rate is 50000 m3
/d, then
aeration period of ASP is ______hrs.
a) 7.44 b) 6.55
c) 8.44 d) 10
48. In ASP, contact stabilization is also known as _____________.
a) Biosorption b) Adsorption
c) Absorption d) Chemisorption
49. Compression settling occurs in ________________________.
a) Screen chamber b) Secondary settling tanks
c) Grit chamber d) All of above
50. Rotating biological contactor is _____________ process.
a) Suspended growth b) Attached growth
c) Dual growth d) None of these
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Unit-III
Anaerobic treatment and low cost treatment
1. Oxidation pond is type of __________ pond.
a) aerobic b) anaerobic
c) facultative d) none of these
2. Range of Mesophilic digestion is _____________ °C
a) 10 to 40 b) 40 to 60
c) 60 to 80 d) 80 to 100
3. Water closet has __________ equivalent fixture units in septic tank design.
a) 3 b) 2
c) 1 d) 0.5
4. Depth of lagoon is restricted to ________m.
a) 1 -1.5 b) 2.5 to 4
c) 4 to 6 d) 5 to 10
5. Septic tank is _________________________.
a) Settling tank b) Digestion tank
c) Both a and b d) None of these
6. _______________ is a essentially an extended aeration activated sludge process.
a) Oxidation ditch b) Oxidation pond
c) Aerated lagoon d) None of these
7. In case of oxidation ditch, sewage is aerated by __________________.
a) Surface rotor b) Diffused aerator
c) Ventilator d) All of above
8. Septic tank is _________________ type of treatment.
a) aerobic b) anaerobic
c) facultative d) all of above
9. Example/s of aerobic treatment unit/s is/are ___________________.
a) ASP b) Trickling filter
c) Oxidation ditch d) All of above
10. Example/s of anaerobic treatment unit/s is/are ___________________.
a) Septic tank b) Anaerobic lagoon
c) Anaerobic sludge digestion d) All of above
11. Depth of facultative pond is in the range of ______m
a) 1 to 1.5 b) 2 to 3
c) 0.5 to 1 d) 2.5 to 5
12. Depth of anaerobic ponds ranges from __________m .
a) 1 to 1.5 b) 2 to 3
15. Environmental Engineering-II Objective Question Bank
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c) 0.5 to 1 d) 2.5 to 5 …
13. _______________________ is observed in oxidation ponds.
a) Bacteria-algal symbiosis b) COD - BOD symbiosis
c) Algae-protozoa symbiosis d) None of these
14. Bacteria-algal symbiosis is observed in ____________________.
a) ASP b) Trickling filter
c) Oxidation ponds d) None of these
15. Oxidation ditch is essentially ________________ process.
a) Extended aeration b) Trickling filter
c) RBC d) UASB
16.
a) b)
c) d)
17.
a) b)
c) d)
18.
a) b)
c) d)
19.
a) b)
c) d)
20.
a) b)
c) d)
21.
a) b)
c) d)
22.
a) b)
c) d)
23.
a) b)
c) d)
24.
a) b)
c) d)
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Unit-IV
Disposal of waste water
1. In the zone of active decomposition D.O.% is __________
a) ≤ 40 b) 40 – 50
c) 50 – 100 d) ≥100
2. The value of self purification constant for swift streams is ____________
a) 1.5 – 2.0 b) 2.0 – 3.0
c) 3.0 – 5.0 d) ≥ 5.0
3. The value of self purification constant for small ponds and back water is in the
range _______________
a) 0.25 – 0.5 b) 0.5 – 1.0
c) 1.0 – 1.5 d) 1.5 – 2.0
4. For finding deoxygenation constant for 4 to 20°C temp. range the value of
θ is ______________
a) 1.0 b) 1.55
c) 1.30 d) 1.135
5. If the dilution factor is above ______ then no treatment to waste water is required.
a) Less than 150 b) 150 - 300
c) 300 - 500 d) Above 500
6. DO level in the stream may be zero in the zone of _______.
a) Clear water b) Degradation
c) Active decomposition d) Recovery
7. DO value of the stream is maximum at ____________.
a) noon b) morning
c) night d) throughout the day
8. Sewage disposal by dilution is most preferred, where: __________________.
a) The sewage arriving at outfall
point is fresh and non septic
b) There are strong forward
currents
c) Discharge in water body is not low d) All of above
9. Industrial waste with flow rate of 20 m3
/day with temp of 400
C is being discharged
in to the river with flow rate of 400 m3
/d having temperature of 200
C. The
temperature of resulting mix would be ____ 0
C.
a) 20.95 b) 10.95
c) 20 d) 40
10. DO deficit = DOsat – _____________
a) Initial DO b) Final DO
c) Actual DO d) None of these
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11. If in self-purification of river study, critical time is 2.4 days and velocity of
flow is 1.2 m/s, then critical distance at which critical DO deficit occurs
is_____________ km.
a) 248.832 b) 348.9
c) 550.67 d) 1000.0
11. DO saturation values of water at 20°C is ____________ mg/lit.
a) 10.20 b) 9.17
c) 8.22 d) 25.0
12.
a) b)
c) d)
13.
a) b)
c) d)
14.
a) b)
c) d)
15.
a) b)
c) d)
16.
a) b)
c) d)
17.
a) b)
c) d)
18.
a) b)
c) d)
19.
a) b)
c) d)
20.
a) b)
c) d)
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Unit-V
Solid waste disposal
1. A city with 0.5 to 1 million population the average value of solid waste generated
is ____________ kg/c/d.
a) 0.10 b) 0.15
c) 0.20 d) 0.25
2. In controlled tipping method of refuse disposal depth of hollow is ________ m.
a) 0.5 to 1 b) 1 to 2
c) 2 to 2.5 d) ≥ 2.5
3. In Indore method of composting volume of pit is made as _______ cu.m.
a) 6 b) 7
c) 8 d) 9
4. In trenching method of solid waste disposal depth of trench is ________ m.
a) 0.5 to 0.75 b) 0.75 to 1
c) 1 to 2 d) 2 to 4
5. In Bangalore method of composting the refuse is stabilized __________________.
a) aerobically b) anaerobically
c) burning d) washing
6. In a typical Indian city the garbage is found _____________ %.
a) 40 b) 45
c) 50 d) 55
7. In trenching method the length of trench is ____________m.
a) 2 to 8 b) 4 to 10
c) 6 to 12 d) 8 to 14
8. The colorific value of refuse from as typical Indian city is ______ kilocal/kg.
a) 1500-1800 b) 2000 - 2500
c) 3000 - 4000 d) 4000 - 6000
9. In the method of controlled tipping of disposal of refuse the depth of hollows is
restricted to ______m.
a) 0.5 to 1m b) 0.6 to 1
c) 1 to 2 d) 2 to 4
10. __________________________ is not a combustible waste.
a) Paper b) Wood
c) Glass d) Cardboard
11. Which of the following is not a combustible waste?
a) paper b) wood
c) glass d) clothes
12. Which of following is not a biodegradable waste?
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a) food b) garden trimmings
c) rubber d) plastic
13. In composting by trenching method trenches are kept ______________ long
a) 4 to 10 m b) 1 to 2 m
c) 10 to 15 m d) None of these
14. Density of ash is in between _____________________.
a) 700 to 850 kg/m3
b) 70 to 85 kg/m3
c) 7000 to 8500 kg/m3
d) 70 to 80 kg/m3
15. __________________________ is not a combustible waste.
a) Paper b) Wood
c) Glass d) Cardboard
16. ______________ is ultimate disposal option considered in Municipal Solid
(MSW) Waste management.
a) Landfill b) Incineration
c) Composting d) Open burning
17. _______________ Property/ properties of MSW is/are for landfill design.
a) Permeability b) Density
c) Field capacity d) All of above
18. Which of the following is not a combustible waste?
a) Wood b) cardboard
c) bagasse d) Glass
19. Developing countries have_______ per capita daily solid waste generation rate
than developed countries.
a) Lesser b) Greater
c) Same d) None of these
20. Pick out the odd one__________
a) Deep well injection b) Landfilling
c) Land farming d) Composting
21. _____________ can be collected from landfills.
a) Leachate b) Gas
c) Both a) & b) d) None of these
22. In trenching method of solid waste disposal depth of trench is ________ m.
a) 0.5 to 0.75 b) 0.75 to 1
c) 1 to 2 d) 2 to 4
23. Abodoned vehicles are ___________ type of solid waste.
a) combustible b) Biodegradable
c) Bulky d) All of above
24. Leftover Food items require _______ time to disintegrate.
a) 1 to 2 weeks b) 1 month
c) 1 year d) 24 hrs
25 In India ___ % of solid waste is biodegradable.
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a) 45 to 55 b) 10 to 20
c) 5 to 10 d) None of these
26 Paper waste requires _____ days to disintegrate.
a) 10 to 30 b) 30 to 50
c) 60 to 90 d) 1 to 2
27
a) b)
c) d)
28
a) b)
c) d)
29
a) b)
c) d)
30
a) b)
c) d)
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Unit-VI
Air pollution
1. The layer of atmosphere closest to earth surface is ___________
a) Mesosphere b) Troposphere
c) Ionosphere d) None of these
2. The atmosphere extends upto __________ km from earths surface.
a) 500 b) 700
c) 900 d) 1100
3. In a strong lapse rate ___________ plume is observed.
a) coning b) lofting
c) looping d) none of these
4. Gravity settling chamber is used to remove __________ pollutants.
a) gaseous b) particulate
c) both a and b d) none of these
5. Sulphur dioxide is __________ pollutant.
a) primary b) secondary
c) tertiary d) both a and b
6. Cyclone separators are used to remove ____________.
a) gas b) sulphurdioxide
c) particulate matter d) none of these
7. Ozone is present in ____________.
a) stratosphere b) mesosphere
c) troposphere d) inosphere
8. Gravity settling chamber is used to remove _____________
a) Particulate matter b) Gas
c) Acids d) None of these
9. Ozone is a type of _________________ pollutant.
a) Primary b) Secondary
c) Both a) and b) d) None of these
10. Gravity settling chamber removes particles of size ______microns.
a) 5 to 10 b) 10 - 20
c) 20 - 30 d) 40 to 50
11. _______________________________ is secondary pollutant.
a) CO b) O3
c) N d) Ar
12. CFC gas is responsible for _________________________.
a) Ozone depletion b) CO depletion
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c) Self purification d) Ozone generation
13. Which of following is not a secondary pollutant? ________
a) PAN b) PBN
c) Ozone d) CFC
14. Pick out the odd one from the following equipments
a) Settling chamber b) ESP
c) Bag house d) Scrubber
15. Air pollution causes effects on _________________.
a) Biotic world b) Abiotic world
c) Both a) and b) d) None of these
16. Which of following is not an anthropogenic cause of air pollution?
a) Burning of fossil fuels b) Burning of fire wood
c) Agricultural activities d) Burning of forest due to
lightening
17. ___________ is secondary pollutant among the following.
a) Sulphur dioxide b) Sulphur trioxide
c) hydrocarbons d) ozone
18. Primary pollutant formed due to incomplete combustion of organic matter is _____.
a) Methane b) Ozone
c) Carbon Monoxide d) All of above
19. Rainfall is termed as acidic when pH value of rain is less than or equal to _____.
a) 5.6 b) 7
c) 8.5 d) 7.2
20. Ozone depletion mainly causes ___________________.
a) Skin cancer b) Lung cancer
c) Coughing d) None of these
21. Green house effect causes _______________ of earth.
a) Cooling b) Warming
c) Expansion d) Contraction
22. _______________ solves problem of air pollution but creates problem of water
pollution.
a) ESP b) Bag house
c) Cyclone d) Scrubbers
23. CO combines with Hemoglobin to form__________________.
a) Carboxy- Hemoglobin b) Epoxy- Hemoglobin
c) Mucus d) Pneumonia
24. Standard rate of DALR is _______________0
C/100m
a) -1 b) +1
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c) - 0.001 d) + 0.001
25. ______________ is always constant.
a) DALR b) ELR
c) Inversion d) None of these
26. Pick out odd one – _____________
a) O3 b) PAN
c) CO d) PBN
27. Stable atmosphere is _____________ for dispersion.
a) Favorable b) Un-favourable
c) Both a) and b) d) None of these
28. Most efficient particulate control equipment is _____________
a) Gravity settling chamber b) Cyclone separator
c) Scrubber d) ESP
29. Mesosphere and Thermosphere together can be called as ____________
a) Chemosphere b) Lithosphere
c) Ionosphere d) Radiosphere
30. ____________ pollution that originates from multiple sources over relatively large
area.
a) Point source b) None point source
c) Influent source d) Effluent source
31. _____________ is secondary pollutant amongst the following
a) Sulphur dioxide b) Sulphur trioxide
c) hydrocarbons d) ozone
32.
a) b)
c) d)
33.
a) b)
c) d)
34.
a) b)
c) d)
35.
a) b)
c) d)