The document discusses the significance of energy storage in transitioning from non-renewable to renewable energy sources, emphasizing the need for improved storage devices. It outlines various types of energy storage technologies including chemical, electrochemical, and thermal methods, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Furthermore, it details the applications, efficiency, and limitations of these storage methods in providing reliable energy supply.

2. The Importance of Energy Storage
 The transition from non-renewable to environmentally
friendly and renewable sources of energy will not
happen overnight because the available green
technologies do not generate enough energy to meet
the demand.
 Developing new and improving the existing energy
storage devices and mediums to reduce energy loss to
the minimum, lower the costs of energy storage and
maintain a reliable power supply.

3. why is Energy Stored
 Energy storage uses various methods to store excess
energy to be used at a later time which in turn allows
the energy providers to balance between the demand
and supply.
 A number of devices and media are used to store
energy, while their selection depends primarily on the
source of energy and the use.

4. Types of Energy Storage
 Chemical energy storage.
 e.g : vanadium ; it is used in vanadium redox batteries
 Electrochemical energy storage
 Battery.: chargeable and rechargeable batteries
 Fuel cell
 Electrical energy storage
 Capacitor and superCapacitor
 Thermal energy storage

5. Storing harvested kinetic energy
As we have small energy value (9 mV )
The options are
 Super Capacitors
 lithium-ion batteries

6. Super Capacitors
double-layer capacitor

7. Super capacitors (double-layer
capacitor ) :
 electrical components that are used to store electric
charge but as its name reveals, supercapacitor can
store more electric charge . Capacitor is typically used
a short-term backup power, while supercapacitor can
also be used to power large engines including vehicles
and as supplementary storage for battery electric
vehicles

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9. Advantages
 Such energy storage has several advantages relative to
Batteries :
 Very high rates of charge and discharge.
 Good reversibility
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 High efficiency (95% or more)

10. Disadvantages
 The amount of energy stored per unit weight is
considerably lower than that of an electrochemical
battery (3-5 W.h/kg for an ultracapacitor
compared to 30-40 W.h/kg for a battery).
 It is also The voltage varies with the energy stored.
To effectively store and recover energy requires
sophisticated electronic control and switching
equipment.

11. Li- Ion Battery
 Lithium Ion Batteries
 Energy storage device
 Conversion of chemical energy
 Closed system

13. applications
 lithium ion, or Li-ion batteries are now being widely
used for applications such as powering laptop
computers, mobile phones cameras and many more
devices.
 The high energy density that Li-ion batteries provide,
enables the electronic devices they power to be
recharged.

14. Advantages
 High energy density
 Does not need priming when new. One regular charge
is all that's needed.
 Relatively low self-discharge
 Low Maintenance - no periodic discharge is needed;
there is no memory.
 Specialty cells can provide very high current to
applications such as power tools.

15. limitation
 Requires protection circuit to maintain voltage and current
within safe limits.
 storage in a cool place at 40% charge reduces the aging
effect.
 Expensive to manufacture - about 40 percent higher in cost
than nickel-cadmium.
 Not fully mature - metals and chemicals are changing on a
continuing basis.

16. Super capacitors Vs Li-ion battery

18. future of supercapacitors
 http://www.wimp.com/supersupercapacitor/