This document provides an overview of energy storage technologies and innovation. It discusses the need for energy storage to balance electricity supply and demand from renewable sources. It describes various energy storage technologies including batteries, pumped hydroelectric storage, compressed air energy storage, thermal storage, and hydrogen storage. Case studies of existing pumped hydro, thermal, and flywheel energy storage projects are presented. The future of energy storage systems is seen to involve a mix of technologies with batteries and pumped hydro playing a large role.
It Describes about needs of energy storage and variations in energy demand.Energy storage is an important solution to get uninterrupted,flexible and reliable power supply. Energy storage can reduce the drawbacks of intermittent resources by storing the excess energy when the sun shine is more and it is utilized during night time.
Multiple Energy Storage Technologies are being developed & are maturing, Gensol did an analysis of 1635 Energy Storage Projects developed globally to come up with which technology has captured market share.
The presentation also has multiple case studies.
This presentation outlines the different storage technology options available to cope up with the intermittent nature of the Renewable energy like wind and solar.
This document is about the Importance of Energy Storage, how to the energy can be stored and the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of Energy storage elements
It Describes about needs of energy storage and variations in energy demand.Energy storage is an important solution to get uninterrupted,flexible and reliable power supply. Energy storage can reduce the drawbacks of intermittent resources by storing the excess energy when the sun shine is more and it is utilized during night time.
Multiple Energy Storage Technologies are being developed & are maturing, Gensol did an analysis of 1635 Energy Storage Projects developed globally to come up with which technology has captured market share.
The presentation also has multiple case studies.
This presentation outlines the different storage technology options available to cope up with the intermittent nature of the Renewable energy like wind and solar.
This document is about the Importance of Energy Storage, how to the energy can be stored and the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of Energy storage elements
Presentation by Bushveld Energy at the African Solar Energy Forum in Accra, Ghana on 16 October 2019. The presentation covers four topics:
1) Overview of energy storage uses and technologies, including their current states of maturity;
2) Benefits to combining solar PV with storage, especially battery energy storage systems (BESS)
3) Examples from Bushveld’s experience in combining BESS with PV for commercial and industrial customers;
4) Introduction to Bushveld and its approach to BESS projects.
As the penetration of renewable generation increased, it
had become obvious that the variability of these sources
and the fact that renewables are not always available when
the power is needed, were becoming a problem. As a
consequence, fossil-based operating reserves are required to
augment renewable generation to ensure reliability. Energy
storage can provide a superior solution to the variability
problem when compared to fossil-based generation, while
also improving the availability of renewables to provide
electricity upon demand. Energy storage is a flexible
resource for grid operators that can deliver a range of
grid services quickly and efficiently. The rapid growth of
policy mandates and incentives for renewable generation
and, more recently, for energy storage, the need for
modernization of the grid infrastructure, and the desire to
decarbonize the economy, are the principal drivers behind
the renewed interest in energy storage.
Energy storage system can actually store energy and use the stored energy whenever the need arises.
As the need for clean energy arises, the need to replace current existing power plants have become a global issue.
NEED OF ENERGY STORAGE
Supply and Demand mismatch
Utilize storage for peak periods.
Reliable power supply.
Reduce the need for new generation capacity.
Electrical vehicles
Emergency support.
Energy storage systems are the set of methods and technologies used to store various forms of energy.
There are many different forms of energy storage
Batteries: a range of electrochemical storage solutions, including advanced chemistry batteries, flow batteries, and capacitors
Mechanical Storage: other innovative technologies to harness kinetic or gravitational energy to store electricity
Compressed Air: utilize compressed air to create energy reserves. Electricity can be converted into hydrogen by electrolysis. The hydrogen can be then stored and eventually re-electrified.
Pumped hydro-power: creates energy reserves by using gravity and the manipulation of water elevation
Thermal: capturing heat or cold to create energy
The choice of energy storage technology is typically dictated by application, economics, integration within the system, and the availability of resources.
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) – an overview of the basicsBushveld Energy
Presentation by Bushveld Energy on the basics of energy storage, specifically large scale batteries at the 6th Annual Africa Power Roundtable, hosted by Webber Wentzel in Sandton, South Africa on 10 April 2018.
it provides the overview about compresses air energy storage with a method used to store electrical energy when it is surplus and release energy back to the system during peak demand.
By Mr. Irish Pereira The current and expected usage of redox flow batteries across the World.
Includes usage of redox batteries in power generation sectors, including market trends.
This presentation covers some of the new battery technology developments including higher energy, higher discharge rate batteries, power backup applications, and futuristic technologies.
Content provided by our partner, TI, deep dive 2014, and others as credited.
Presentation by Bushveld Energy at the African Solar Energy Forum in Accra, Ghana on 16 October 2019. The presentation covers four topics:
1) Overview of energy storage uses and technologies, including their current states of maturity;
2) Benefits to combining solar PV with storage, especially battery energy storage systems (BESS)
3) Examples from Bushveld’s experience in combining BESS with PV for commercial and industrial customers;
4) Introduction to Bushveld and its approach to BESS projects.
As the penetration of renewable generation increased, it
had become obvious that the variability of these sources
and the fact that renewables are not always available when
the power is needed, were becoming a problem. As a
consequence, fossil-based operating reserves are required to
augment renewable generation to ensure reliability. Energy
storage can provide a superior solution to the variability
problem when compared to fossil-based generation, while
also improving the availability of renewables to provide
electricity upon demand. Energy storage is a flexible
resource for grid operators that can deliver a range of
grid services quickly and efficiently. The rapid growth of
policy mandates and incentives for renewable generation
and, more recently, for energy storage, the need for
modernization of the grid infrastructure, and the desire to
decarbonize the economy, are the principal drivers behind
the renewed interest in energy storage.
Energy storage system can actually store energy and use the stored energy whenever the need arises.
As the need for clean energy arises, the need to replace current existing power plants have become a global issue.
NEED OF ENERGY STORAGE
Supply and Demand mismatch
Utilize storage for peak periods.
Reliable power supply.
Reduce the need for new generation capacity.
Electrical vehicles
Emergency support.
Energy storage systems are the set of methods and technologies used to store various forms of energy.
There are many different forms of energy storage
Batteries: a range of electrochemical storage solutions, including advanced chemistry batteries, flow batteries, and capacitors
Mechanical Storage: other innovative technologies to harness kinetic or gravitational energy to store electricity
Compressed Air: utilize compressed air to create energy reserves. Electricity can be converted into hydrogen by electrolysis. The hydrogen can be then stored and eventually re-electrified.
Pumped hydro-power: creates energy reserves by using gravity and the manipulation of water elevation
Thermal: capturing heat or cold to create energy
The choice of energy storage technology is typically dictated by application, economics, integration within the system, and the availability of resources.
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) – an overview of the basicsBushveld Energy
Presentation by Bushveld Energy on the basics of energy storage, specifically large scale batteries at the 6th Annual Africa Power Roundtable, hosted by Webber Wentzel in Sandton, South Africa on 10 April 2018.
it provides the overview about compresses air energy storage with a method used to store electrical energy when it is surplus and release energy back to the system during peak demand.
By Mr. Irish Pereira The current and expected usage of redox flow batteries across the World.
Includes usage of redox batteries in power generation sectors, including market trends.
This presentation covers some of the new battery technology developments including higher energy, higher discharge rate batteries, power backup applications, and futuristic technologies.
Content provided by our partner, TI, deep dive 2014, and others as credited.
This study is define on the nanotechnology with energy application. In this technology explain the energy conversion, generation, storage and transportation.it is in unique technique, capacity, great potential to fabricate new structure at atomic scale has produced novel material and devices. Its technique have great potential applications with wide fields.to required large no. of energy in the world.in present available energy is not sufficient for comparison on world requirement energy. That’s vision of fulfillment the required no. of energy by through this new technique.in hence present advance of the nanotechnology to suitable useful energy generation, production, storage and use. The main function and aim of this technology working from different fields, areas and points, to find out the better solutions. Which is the great challenge of our life?
A review on fuel cell and its applicationseSAT Journals
Abstract With the increase in the demand of electrical energy now it is the time to think for the alternate source of energy. In order to mitigate the demand of electrical energy and to create pollution free environment the fuel cell acts as an alternate solution. The fuel cells are very much similar to an ordinary dry cell or battery. It has an electrode, some chemical material and an electrical circuit to give the supply to an external circuit. Due to absence of rotating devices they are quite simple and efficient in nature. This paper describes about the working methods of fuel cells and their future and economic growth. Keywords: Fuel cell, Electrolyte, Electrode, DC
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Fuel Cells are becoming the preferred alternate energy but unless the constraints are understood and dealt with it will not be adopted at the rate it should
This was for my college seminar. This will tell you all about different kinds of fuel cells, their advantages, limitations and applications. Hope this was informative.
Different methods to generate Electricity, Sources of Energy, Electricity in Egypt, Electricity Bill Calculation , Energy Consumption. All images used are animated (GIF) for full Version don't heistate to contact me at:
+201093909207 , https://www.linkedin.com/in/mostafaahmedzein/
Certificate of Achievement Power Distribution II CourseMostafa Ahmed Zein
Description: Selecting an appropriate technique for power distribution within the data center is the key to ensuring reliability and uptime. This course expands upon the topics explored in Power Distribution Part I. Topics for Part II include: the basic elements involved with power transmission to the data center; determining voltage and power density requirements, as well as differentiating rack powering requirements.
Objectives:
* Identify the importance of power distribution to the rack
* Determine voltage requirements
* Define power density requirements
* Discuss rack powering requirements with regards to
* Redundancy
* Overload protection
* Connectors
* Harmonics
* De-rating
* Cabling
* Current monitoring, and
* Consistency
Certificate of Achievement: Energy Rate Structures I: Concepts and Unit PricingMostafa Ahmed Zein
Course description:
Understanding the forms of energy used at a facility, and the rate structure for each, is key to understanding energy costs and implementing an energy efficiency program. By understanding what you are paying for energy, and how the rate structure controls your bill, you can adopt different strategies for reducing your energy costs. You may even be able to move to a different rate structure that is more cost effective for you. In this course, we will focus primarily on gas and electricity concepts and unit pricing.
Course Outline:
Learning objectives
At the completion of this course you will be able to:
•
Define and recognize the difference between consumption and demand
•
Identify different forms of energy pricing including
•
flat rates, block rates, seasonal pricing, time of use rates, and real time pricing
Certificate of Achievement :Battery Safety and Environmental ConcernsMostafa Ahmed Zein
Description: Battery systems and Battery rooms are regulated by a number of fire safety and environmental standards and codes. Proper interpretation of these codes is essential In The design and implementation of data centers and network rooms.It is important for data center designers to have a clear understanding of The fire safety and environmental regulations as they apply to UPS Battery installations. While most commercial Battery back-up systems fall below government-required reporting levels, very large UPS and DC plant batteries may have to comply. Failure to comply can result In costly penalties. environmental compliance focuses on The amount of sulfuric acid and lead at a particular location. power ratings for VRLA batteries and modular Battery cartridges (MBC) are much higher than for flooded batteries at The same reporting threshold. this course offers a high level summary of The regulations and provides guidance for locating sources of regulatory information.
Course Credits:
* This course has been approved by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for one (1) PDH
* This course is recognized for continuing education credit from IFMA for CFM/FMP Maintenance Points.
Objectives:
* Differentiate between various battery types
* Flooded (unsealed) batteries (also referred to as “wet cell” or “vented”)
* Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) batteries
* Modular Battery Cartridges (MBC)
* Recognize the standards and codes that apply to battery systems and rooms
* Federal Code of Regulations
* Fire codes
* Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considerations
* Occupational Safety and Health Agency (OSHA) considerations
* Describe how safety regulations apply
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
5. What is ESS?
• Energy storage is the capture of energy produced at one time for use at a later time.
• Can be applied to both Conventional sources of electricity and Renewable energy.
• Some technologies provide short-term energy storage, while others can endure for much longer.
1
6. Why ESS is Needed?
• The electricity grid is a complex system in which power supply and demand must be equal at any
given moment.
• Some renewable energy technologies – such as wind and solar – have variable outputs, storage
technologies have great potential for smoothing out the electricity supply from these sources.
• Energy storage is also valued for its rapid response – most storage technologies can begin
discharging power to the grid very quickly, while fossil fuel sources tend to take longer to ramp up.
• Energy storage also becomes more important the farther you are from the electrical grid.
2
7. How to Store Energy
1. Flywheels
2. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)
3. Batteries
I. Lead-Acid Batteries
II. Lithium-Ion Batteries
III. Other batteries in Development
4. Pumped Storage Hydroelectricity (PSH)
5. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)
6. Power To Gas (P2G)
7. Thermal Storage
8. Hydraulic Hydro Energy Storage (HHS)
3
8. Flywheels
The spinning speed for a modern single flywheel reaches up
to 16,000 rpm and offers a capacity up to 25 kilowatt hours
(kWh), which can be absorbed and injected almost instantly.
Advantages Disadvantages
Low maintenance and long
lifespan: up to 20 years
High self-discharge (3 –20
percent per hour)
Almost no carbon emissions Low storage capacity
Fast response times High acquisition costs
No toxic components
3.1
10. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage
The idea is to store energy in the form of an electromagnetic field
surrounding the coil, which is made of a superconductor
At very low temperatures, some materials lose every electric
resistance and thus become superconducting
Advantages Disadvantages
Capable of partial and deep
discharges
High energy losses (~12 percent
per day)
Fast Response time
Very expensive in production and
maintenance
No environmental hazard
Reduced efficiency due to the
required cooling process
3.2
11. Batteries3.3
• A battery is a device that produces electrical energy from chemical reactions. There are
different kinds of batteries with different chemicals.
• The idea behind them is that the two different chemicals within a battery cell have different
loads and are connected with a positive (cathode) and the other with a negative electrode
(anode). When connected to an appliance the negative electrode supplies a current of
electrons that flow through the appliance and are accepted by the positive electrode.
12. Lead-Acid Batteries3.3.I
• The lead-acid battery is the oldest known type of rechargeable battery and was invented in
1859
• A lead-acid battery usually has several in-series connected cells, each delivering 2 volts (V)
and each consisting several spongy pure lead cathodes, positive loaded lead oxide anodes
and a 20 –40 percent solution of sulfuric acid that acts as an electrolyte.
Advantages Disadvantages
Easy and therefore cheap to produce Very heavy and bulky
Easily recyclable Rather short lived
Very high surge-to-weight-ratio; capable of delivering
a high jolt of electricity at once, which is why they are
so suitable as car starters
Environmental concerns: although safe, lead is very
toxic, and exposure can cause severe damage to
people and animals
Mature technology, more than 150 years of
experience and development
Corrosion caused by the chemical reactions
13. Lithium-Ion Batteries3.3.II
Lithium is the lightest metal with the highest potential due to its very reactive behavior, which, in
theory, makes it very fitting as a compound for batteries. Just as the lead-acid and most other
batteries the Lithium-Ion battery by definition uses chemical reactions to release electricity.
14. Lithium-Ion Batteries3.3.II
Advantages Disadvantages
Highest energy density in commercially available
batteries with huge potential
Very expensive
Provides higher voltages per cell (3.7V compared to
2.0V for lead-acid)
Complete discharge destroys the cells
Low energy loss: only about 5 percent per month
Deteriorates even if unused (Lifecycle of about 5
years)
Lithium and graphite as resources are available in
large amounts
Lithium is flammable in contact with atmospheric
moisture
15. Other Batteries in Development3.3.III
A) Redox-Flow Battery
These batteries technically are similar to conventional batteries, except that the
electrolytes (there are different forms, using one or two different fluids) can be exchanged,
meaning that if the battery is discharged the fluids are replaced with loaded ones. This
concept could, in theory, become very handy for electric cars as you could charge your
car simply by refueling just as you do now
16. Other Batteries in Development3.3.III
B) Sodium Battery
The liquid sodium sulfur battery is yet an-other type of
battery in development, but already operational in
some countries like Japan. About 250 Megawatts
(MW) of sodium battery power have been installed
there.5 Sodium batteries have the advantage of a
relatively high density with up to 240 Wh/kg, a long
life span of 10 – 15 years and high efficiency (75 – 90
percent); but, they need to be operated at high
temperatures (350° C/623° K) to get the sodium
liquid,
17. Other Batteries in Development3.3.III
C) Zinc-air Battery
Just like the lithium-air battery, the zinc-air battery uses air as a second component. Zinc-
air has been a focus in development for a while because of its safety aspects and
potential in density; but, was dropped due to the low efficiency and short life cycles. Two
independent companies claim to have solved these problems
18. Pumped Storage Hydroelectricity
The PSH requires two water reservoirs and
water is moved between these two levels
PSH is converting energy from electrical to
kinetic to gravitational potential and back to
kinetic and finally for electrical
Advantages Disadvantages
Mature technology,
capable of storing huge
amounts of energy
Requires a significant
huge water source
High overall efficiency Few potential sites
Inexpensive way to
store energy
Huge environmental
impacts
Fast response times
3.4
19. Compressed Air Energy Storage3.5
The basic idea is to use an electric
compressor to compress air to a pressure
of about 60 bars and store it in giant
underground spaces like old salt caverns,
aquifers or pore storage sites and to power
a turbine to generate electricity again when
demanded.
20. Compressed Air Energy Storage
the concept has two major problems when it comes to pressuring air:
1. compressing the air leads to a very significant amount of heat generation and subsequent power
loss if unused
2. the air will freeze the power turbine when decompressed.
Advantages Disadvantages
Capable of storing huge amounts of energy, similar to
PSH
Economical only up to a day of storage (for AA-CAES)
AA-CAES capable of efficiencies nearly as good as
PSH (around 70 percent)
Competing against other storage needs (natural gas,
hydrogen)
Fast response times Requires sealed storage caverns
Inexpensive way to store energy Not yet fully developed
3.5
21. Power To Gas
a technology that converts electrical power to a gas fuel. When using surplus power from wind
generation, the concept is sometimes called wind gas. There are currently three methods in use; all
use electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen by means of electrolysis
3.6
Concept of methanation for storing wind and solar energy
23. Thermal storage
a technology that stocks thermal energy by heating or cooling a storage medium so that the stored
energy can be used at a later time for heating and cooling applications and power generation.
3.7
24. Thermal storage3.7
Are used particularly in buildings and in industrial processes.
Advantages Disadvantages
Thermal energy storage offers the option to improve
output control for some energy technologies
The energy stored decreases with the time due to the
heat losses
Able to reduce the mismatch between supply and
demand
Some storage technologies are still in developing stage
Low maintenance requirements
Some technologies are expensive
Reliable and well-understood technology
For seasonal storage e.g. are needed big surfaces
25. Hydraulic Hydro Energy Storage
the idea is to cut out a large cylindrical body of rock and lift it
hydraulically using hydro pumps to force water underneath it.
The body would rise several hundred meters if completely
charged and would sink into the ground again during discharge.
3.8
27. Energy Losses & Cost
Flywheels SMES Lead-Acid Lithium-Ion PSH AA-/CAES Power to Gas
3-20%
Per hour
10-12%
Per day
5%
Per month
5%
Per year
0-0.5%
Per day
0-10%
Per day
0-1%
Per day
Life Cycle €/kWh
Flywheels 20 years 1,000 – 5,000 €
SMES 1,000,000 Cycles 30,000 – 200,000 €
Lead-Acid 1,000 - 2,000 Cycles 25 – 250 €
Lithium-Ion 500 – 3,000 Cycles or 5 Years 800 – 1,500 €
PSH - 100 – 500 €
AA-/CAES - 40 – 100 €
Power To Gas - Unknown
Source: Renews Spezial Strom Speichern
31. (Pumped Hydro ES)
Name of Project: Purulia, Pumped Storage Project
Location: India
• Generates 900 MW Instant Generation
• Cost Rs 2,953 Crore (Ten millions) ≈ 6.8 Billion EGP
Date of Commissioning: 2008
Duration: 4-6 Hrs.
Benefits: • Electric Energy Time Shift.
• Electric Supply Capacity.
Source: https://energystorageexchange.org/projects/1613 Power house
4.1
33. Thermal Energy Storage
Name of Project: Andasol Solar Power Station
Location: Andalusia, Spain
• Generates 150 MW , expected generation is up to
495 GWh per year
• Uses PTC for collecting Solar Energy and tanks of
molten salt as thermal energy storage.
Date of Commissioning: 2009
Duration: 7.5 Hrs.
Benefits: • Renewable Capacity firming.
• Renewable Energy Time Shift.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andasol_Solar_Power_Station
https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/2008/11/06/andasol-1-goes-into-operation-54019/
4.2
34. Electro-Mechanical ES
Name of Project: Beacon Power
Location: Pennsylvania, United States
• 20 MW Plant and 5 Mwh of frequency response
• 200 flywheels that provides frequency regulation
services to grid operator.
Date of Commissioning: 2014
Duration: 0.25 hrs
Benefits: • Frequency Regulation
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_energy_storage_projects
https://beaconpower.com/hazle-township-pennsylvania/
4.3
36. • Energy Storage Evolution Electrifies the Future of Renewables
• A Changing Regulatory Outlook
• Enthusiasm Grows as Prices Decline
• What Leads the Next Frontier of Energy Storage?
Source: https://www.bv.com/perspectives/energy-storage-evolution-electrifies-future-renewables
37. Electrochemical
Battery, 63.40%
Pumped Hydro, 28.60%
Ultra Capacitors,
23.60%
Thermal , 19.30%
Compressed air,
14.90%
Hydrogen , 13.70%
Flywheel, 9.90%
Synthetic natural gas,
5.60%
Liquid air, 5.00%
Don't know , 19.90%
WHAT TYPES OF STORAGE DO YOU FORESEE BEING
INSTRUMENTAL IN THE GRID OF THE FUTURE?
Source: black & Veatch
For example, when you turn on the lights in your home, the power comes from the grid; but when you turn on a flashlight while camping, you must rely on the stored energy in the batteries. Similarly, homes that are farther away from the transmission grid are more vulnerable to disruption than homes in large metropolitan areas. Islands and microgrids that are disconnected from the larger electrical grid system depend on energy storage to ensure power stability, just like you depend on the batteries in your flashlight while camping.
https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/how-energy-storage-works#targetText=Energy%20storage%20plays%20an%20important,used%20to%20power%20storage%20devices.
Andasol consists of 3 projects: Andasol-1[2] (completed 2008), Andasol-2[8] (completed 2009) and Andasol-3[9] (completed 2011). Each project generates approximately 165 GW-h each per year (a total of 495 GW-h for all three combined).[4] The total cost of building the three projects was estimated to €900 million.[10]
Frequency Regulation:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAKxPf0onG4
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California and Hawaii have risen to the forefront as leaders in renewable energy and energy storage. California’s Public Utilities Commission has mandated that the state’s three investorowned utilities install 1,325 megawatts (MW) of energy storage by 2020.
And just recently, California’s energy regulators passed a building code requiring most new, lowrise residential homes constructed after 2019 to have built-in solar-powered energy systems, making it the first state to go down this path. Hawaii continues to work toward its goal of attaining 100 percent green energy among its electric companies by 2045.
implementing legislation and tax incentives to promote renewable energy and energy storage solutions.
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Just as DVDs, high-definition televisions (HDTV) and computers seemed cost prohibitive when they first came to market, advancing technology and market competition soon brought down prices, making them accessible to most consumers. We can expect to see energy storage follow suit.
Today, the price of energy storage continues to drop, part of which can be attributed to the electric vehicle industry driving battery cell production to a much greater extent than stationery energy storage.
In addition to solid state batteries, suppliers are attempting to create classes of batteries with improved attributes over lithium. These new flow batteries use liquid instead of solid cells, and as a result, can hold a much longer charge by virtue of the size of the tanks storing the liquid. In addition, flow batteries do not suffer the cycling degradation attributed to lithium-ion batteries.
. But increased competition, increased manufacturing and new regulatory controls should bring prices down further, even as tax incentives make it easier for developers and utilities to monetize offerings.