This document discusses supercapacitors, which are energy storage devices with high energy density, high power density, high capacitance, and a long life. A supercapacitor consists of polarized electrodes made of highly porous activated carbon, an electrolyte containing dissolved ions, and a separator that electrically insulates the electrodes while allowing ionic conduction. Supercapacitors can deliver power at a much higher rate than batteries, though they have a lower energy capacity. They find applications where high power is required for short durations, such as in diesel engine startups, power system frequency control, and missile guidance systems.

1. SUPERCAPACITOR
NAME: Debasis Mohanty
Registration Number: 14020081
7th ELECTRICAL
As energy storage device

2. What is Capacitor?
 A capacitor (or condenser) is a two
terminal device used to store energy in an electric
field.
 When there is a potential difference (voltage)
across the conductors, a static electric
field develops across the dielectric, which causes
positive charge to collect on one plate and negative
charge on the other plate. Energy is stored in the
form of electrostatic field.
2

3. Supercapacitor Definition
Supercapacitors are electrochemical
devices with following features:
High energy density.
High power density.
High capacitance.
Longer life
3

4. Super capacitor are energy storage
device of capable of delivers power
much higher rate than battery.
The super capacitors are used in
modern cars as energy recovery system.
4

5. In comparison to battery ,super
capacitor have low energy
capacity.
But it gives 10 to 100 time more
power than battery.
5

6. Explain power and energy
 To help understand the difference between power and
energy let’s use an analogy of bucket of water with a hole in
it.
 Water can only leave the bucket via the hole analogous to
power.
 The amount of water that can be held with the bucket is
analogous to the energy capacity .
 A larger hole in the bucket it shows that power was
increasing.
 When the volume is increasing it increases the energy.
6

7. Comparison between power and energy
7

8.  A super capacitor is a
small bucket with big
hole.
 Where as a battery is a
big bucket with a small
hole
8

9. Principle Construction
It consists of
following
components:
 Current collector: Metal
contacts are used as
current collectors .
9

10. Actual structure in super capacitor
10

11. Polarized electrode:
Highly activated carbon is used as
electrode because of following reasons:
 It is highly porous
 It has good conductivity
 High temperature and chemical stability
 Corrosion resistant
11

12. Electrolyte
It contains dissolved and solvated ions that migrate to
and from the electrodes during charge and discharge
respectively.
Electrolytes are of two types:
 Water soluble
 Water insoluble
12

13. Separator
It acts as mechanical separation between two
electrodes.
It must provide electronic insulation between the
electrode of opposite polarization
It must support ionic conduction
from one electrode to another.
13

14. WORKING
14

15. Layman example for difference between
More power required for small
time interval in 200 m race
Constant but less power required for large
time in 20 km race
15

16. Advantages
 High energy storage
 Low ESR (Equivalent series resistance )and hence
high power density
 Appreciable operating temp.(-40ºC to 70ºC)
 Eco-friendly
16

17. Disadvantages
Low voltage per cell
It can't be used in AC & high
frequency circuits
13

18. Comparison
18

19. Typical Applications
 Used in Diesel engine start up in submarines & tanks..
 Can be used in f &V control in power systems
 Used as backup energy source for GPS guided missiles
19

20. Flat style of super
capacitor
used for mobile
devices.
20
Typical knob
capacitor
For PCB mounting
used for memory
backup
Radial style of
lithium-
Ion capacitor for
PCB mounting used
for industrial
applications

21. Thank
you
21