An encyclopedia is a type of reference work that provides summaries of information on various topics. It is divided into articles or entries that are usually accessed alphabetically. One of the earliest surviving encyclopedic works is Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia from the 1st century AD. The Britannica is the oldest English language encyclopedia still in production today. Encyclopedias have evolved over time to include cross-referencing, contributions from many authors, and digital formats like CD-ROMs and online versions. They are characterized by their broad subject matter, organized structure, and production involving employed writers.

2. • is a type of reference work
• a compendium holding a summary of information from
either all branches of knowledge or a particular branch of
knowledge.
• Encyclopedias are divided into articles or entries, which are
usually accessed alphabetically by article name.

3. •The word encyclopedia comes from the Koine Greek
transliterated enkykliospaideia, meaning
"general education":
• One of the earliest encyclopedic works to have survived to
modern times is the Naturalist Historia of Pliny the Elder.
The Britannica is the oldest English-language
encyclopedia still being produced. It was first
published between 1768 and 1771 in
Edinburgh, Scotland as three volumes.

4. Gaius Plinius Secundus (23 AD – August 25, 79 AD), better
known as Pliny the Elder
was a Roman author, naturalist,
and natural philosopher as well as
naval and army commander of the
early Roman Empire, and
personal friend of the
emperor Vespasian.

5. 18th–19th centuries
•The beginnings of the modern idea of the general-
purpose, widely distributed printed encyclopedia precede
the 18th century encyclopedists.
•Ephraim Chambers published his Cyclopedia in 1728. It
included a broad scope of subjects, used an alphabetic
arrangement, relied on many different contributors and
included the innovation of cross-referencing other sections
within articles. Chambers has been referred to as the father
of the modern encyclopedia for this two-volume work.

6. •In the early 20th century, the Encyclopedia
Britannica reached its eleventh edition, and
inexpensive encyclopedias such as
Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopedia and
Everyman's Encyclopedia were common.

7. International development
International development
•During the 19th and early 20th century, many smaller
or less developed languages saw their first
encyclopedias, using French, German, and English
role models.

8. Fist Encyclopedia in the World
•The first major Danish encyclopedia was Salmonsens
Konversationsleksikon (19 volumes, 1893–1911)
•The first major Finnish encyclopedia was Tietosanakirja
(11 volumes, 1909–1922).
20th century
•Popular and affordable encyclopaedias such as
Harmsworth's Universal Encyclopaedia and the
Children's Encyclopaedia appeared in the early
1920s.

9. •By the late 20th
century, encyclopedias were being
published on CD-ROMs for use with
personal computers. Microsoft's
Encarta, launched in 1993, was a
landmark example as it had no printed
equivalent.
•Traditional encyclopedias are written by a
number of employed text writers, usually
people with an academic degree, and
distributed as proprietary content.

10. Twenty-first century
•The encyclopedia's hierarchical structure and evolving
nature is particularly adaptable to a digital format
Characteristics
Four major elements define an encyclopedia:
• its subject matter
• its scope
• its method of organization

11. • and its method of production:
Encyclopedias can be general, containing articles on
topics in every field (the English-language Encyclopedia
Britannica and German Brockhaus are well-known
examples).
General encyclopedias often contain guides on how to do
a variety of things, as well as embedded dictionaries and
gazetteers.
Some systematic method of organization is essential to
making an encyclopedia usable as a work of reference.

12. Encyclopedia This word signifies chain of knowledge
The purpose of an encyclopedia is to collect knowledge
disseminated around the globe.
Encyclopedia is considered as the secondary or tertiary
sources of information, because most of the works are wrote
by many person.

13. The End…
Presented by:
Mark Angelo M. Labitigan
BLIS-III
Presented to:
Ms. Myrna P. Macapia, Librarian