The document discusses how managing databases has shifted from a focus on programming to broader management of data resources and administration of database software. It describes how database management systems automate complex data management tasks more efficiently than file systems. Database environments require database administrators to evaluate database designs, maintain software, assign data access permissions, and coordinate application development using the data resources, representing a change in responsibilities for data processing (DP) managers. The document also notes that while databases provide advantages, they also impose increased costs, management complexity, needs to maintain currency, and can increase vendor dependence.

1. Managing the database : A Shift in Focus

2. Managing the database
DBMS ( Database Management system
• It handles many of the complex data management chores handles by the
file system’s DP specialist.
• It performs them with far greater finesse and sophistication.
• DBMS allows those chores to be performed without the tedious and time
consuming programming required in the file managing system.
• The DBMS provide a framework in which is strict procedures and
standards can be enforced

3. Managing the database : A Shift in Focus
The Role of DP Managers
•Changes from an emphasis on programming to a focus on the broader
management aspects of the organization’s data resources and on the
administration of the complex database software itself.
•DP managers perform different functions in a database environment.
She/he might be promoted to system administrator.
The system administrator usually:
•evaluates database designs,
•maintains the database software,
• assigns the right to use database(s) to select individuals
•And coordinates the development of applications based on the data
resources

4. Managing the database : A Shift in Focus
Although the database system yields considerable advantages over
previous data management approaches, database systems do impose
significant costs.
For Example:
1. Increased Costs – Database system require sophisticated
hardware and software and high skilled personnel.
2. Management complexity – Database systems interface with
different technologies and have significant impact on a
company’s resources and culture.
3. Maintaining currency – To maximize the efficiency of the
database system, you must keep your system current.
4. Vendor dependence- Given the heavy investment in technology
and personnel training, companies may be reluctant to change
database vendors.