The document discusses permuted title indexes and faceted classification schemes. Permuted title indexes rearrange the words in document titles to help users search for relevant information. Faceted classification schemes break down subjects into individual aspects or facets that can be recombined flexibly to describe new concepts. Both systems aim to improve subject access and classification of information.

2. Permuted Title Indexes- It helps users decide if that document would satisfy
their information needs.
•Permuted Title word Indexes, created by systematically rotating
information-conveying words in the title as subject entry points into the
index.
•The premise of Permuted Title Index is that titles effectively indicate the
content of documents.
• Weinberg Report ( U.S President’s Science Advisory Committee, 1963)-
recommended that the scientific community be urged to write specific titles
that clearly convey the subject of papers. Information people have always felt
that the title is an important subject indicator and could be the basis of a
useful index.
• The best argument for creating permuted title indexes is simple: it can be
done quickly, with a minimum cost, and entirely by computer.

3. •The most popular Permuted title indexes are the so-called KWIC and KWOC
indexes.
•KWIC- means key word in context. KWOC- means key word out of context.
Example of KWIC index:
Blue-eyed Cats in Texas
The Cat and the Fiddle
Dogs and Cats and Their Diseases
The Cat and the Economy
The KWIC index is an alphabetical list, ordered on each subject-conveying
word in the title.
In Texas, Blue-eyed Cats..................................23
The Cat and the Economy........................12
The Cat and the Fiddle.............................17
Dogs and Cats and Their Diseases.................. 3
Blue-eyed Cats in Texas......................................23
and Their Diseases, Dogs and Cats....................3
Their Diseases Dogs and Cats and...............................
and the Economy, The Cat...............................12
and the Fiddle, The Cat....................................17
in Texas, Blue-eyed Cats.....................23

4. A KWOC Index Doesn’t rotate the title, but lift outs the keyword of
interest and lists its separately to the side.
Example:
Blue-eyed Blue-eyed Cats in Texas..........................23
Cat The Cat and the Economy.......................12
Cat The Cat and the Fiddle............................17
Cats Dogs and Cats and Their Diseases...........3
Cats Blue-eyed Cats in Texas..........................23
Diseases Dogs and Cats and Their Diseases...........3
Dogs Dogs and Cats and Their Diseases...........3
Economy The Cat and the Economy.......................12
Fiddle The Cat and the Fiddle...........................17
Texas Blue-eyed Cats in Texas..........................23
Permuted title indexes, often use stop-lists. These are words that
are unsuitable as subject indicators. Clearly , such words as the
and an belong on such stop-list.
Although there has been some disillusionment with permuted title
indexes, they still serve a useful purpose.

6. Faceted scheme is a type of synthetic classification and is often called
an analytico-synthetic system
Facet- means one side of something that has many sides.
Facet Index attempts to discover all the individual aspects of a subject
and then synthesize them in a way that best describes the subject under
discussion
Enumerated System are fixed and can accommodate new knowledge in
limited ways, whereas faceted system are much more flexible.
For example suppose the concept air-to-ground missile was a part of
our knowledge scheme, but not ground-to-air missile.

7. Example:
AIR-TO-GROUND-MISSILE
But not on the other therm. A book on ground-to-air missiles would have to be
classified under a more general term, such as “Weapons”.
AIR
GROUND
MISSILE
And this would allow us to easily fit to each together each type of the
classification.
AIR-TO-GROUND MISSILE
GROUND-TO-AIR MISSILE

8. Faceted system is precoordinated at the time of indexing and is arranged
in classification order, rather than in straight alphabetical order.
•S.R Ranganathan, a major pioneer of modern librarianship. began his work in
classification research in 1925 and in the 1930s he published his basic works
in facet classification.
•A facet is a list of words with each term having an exact relation to the
subject of which it is a part. A facet can be forms, or entities, operations,
states of being and so forth.
•The arrangement of the facets is based on assumed user needs and the way
users will approach the system.

9. We will construct a facet scheme for cats. First, we break our subject into the
concepts that interest us most. For our purpose, we might assume that the facets
are (a) type of cat, (b) color of cat, and (c) IQ of cat.
Next, we list the possibilities under the three facet headings:
Type Color IQ
Abyssinian white 0-10
Burmese black 11-20
Himalayan blue 21-30
Manx gray 31-40
Persian brown 41-50
Siamese green above 50
Once this is done, we nee a code or notation. To keep things simple, we utilize a
simple numeric code of 1,2,3,..etc, and we have the ff:
Type Color IQ
1.Abyssinian 1 white 1 0-10
2 Burmese 2 black 2 11-20
3.Himalayan 3 blue 3 21-30
4 Manx 4 gray 4 31-40
5 Persian 5 brown 5 41-50