Today in modern era of internet we share some sensitive data to information transmission. but need to ensure security. So we focus on Cryptography modern technique for secure transmission of information over network.
Introduction to Public Key InfrastructureTheo Gravity
Adonis Fung and I worked on a project where we defined and built PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) for our local development and deployed environments. I gave a talk to our engineers on how PKI works, covering encryption, signing, trust stores, and how the HTTPS handshake works.
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm operating on ... Systems as a means to effectively improve security by combining simple operations such as .... Finally, the cipher should be easily cryptanalyzable, such that it can be ...
The presentation covers the following:
Basic Terms
Cryptography
The General Goals of Cryptography
Common Types of Attacks
Substitution Ciphers
Transposition Cipher
Steganography- “Concealed Writing”
Symmetric Secret Key Encryption
Types of Symmetric Algorithms
Common Symmetric Algorithms
Asymmetric Secret Key Encryption
Common Asymmetric Algorithms
Public Key Cryptography
Hashing Techniques
Hashing Algorithms
Digital Signatures
Transport Layer Security
Public key infrastructure (PKI)
Today in modern era of internet we share some sensitive data to information transmission. but need to ensure security. So we focus on Cryptography modern technique for secure transmission of information over network.
Introduction to Public Key InfrastructureTheo Gravity
Adonis Fung and I worked on a project where we defined and built PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) for our local development and deployed environments. I gave a talk to our engineers on how PKI works, covering encryption, signing, trust stores, and how the HTTPS handshake works.
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm operating on ... Systems as a means to effectively improve security by combining simple operations such as .... Finally, the cipher should be easily cryptanalyzable, such that it can be ...
The presentation covers the following:
Basic Terms
Cryptography
The General Goals of Cryptography
Common Types of Attacks
Substitution Ciphers
Transposition Cipher
Steganography- “Concealed Writing”
Symmetric Secret Key Encryption
Types of Symmetric Algorithms
Common Symmetric Algorithms
Asymmetric Secret Key Encryption
Common Asymmetric Algorithms
Public Key Cryptography
Hashing Techniques
Hashing Algorithms
Digital Signatures
Transport Layer Security
Public key infrastructure (PKI)
Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data.
Cryptography enables you to store sensitive information or transmit it across insecure networks so that it cannot be read by anyone except the intended recipient.
An introduction to asymmetric cryptography with an in-depth look at RSA, Diffie-Hellman, the FREAK and LOGJAM attacks on TLS/SSL, and the "Mining your P's and Q's attack".
Pretty Good Privacy,PGP Confidentiality and Authentication,Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (S/MIME),Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (S/MIME),Enhanced Security Services,E-mail Threats
The presentation describes basics of cryptography and information security. It covers goals of cryptography, history of cipher symmetric and public key cryptography
What is Asymmetric Encryption? Understand with Simple ExamplesCheapSSLsecurity
Learn what is Asymmetric Encryption and how asymmetric encryption works with examples. Also, demystify the difference between asymmetric vs symmetric encryption.
A comparative study of symmetric key algorithm des, aes and blowfish for vide...pankaj kumari
Cryptography means storing and transmitting data or information in a particular form that allow to be kept secret.
Symmetric key cryptography:- Both sender and receiver share the secret key.The symmetric key is kept private.both parties use the same key for encryption and decryption.
Asymmetric key cryptography:- Asymmetric key cryptography uses public or private key for encryption and decryption.Public key is kept by publically and private is kept secret.sender use the public key to send message and receiver use the private or secret key to decrypt the message.
Cryptography is the science of using mathematics to encrypt and decrypt data.
Cryptography enables you to store sensitive information or transmit it across insecure networks so that it cannot be read by anyone except the intended recipient.
An introduction to asymmetric cryptography with an in-depth look at RSA, Diffie-Hellman, the FREAK and LOGJAM attacks on TLS/SSL, and the "Mining your P's and Q's attack".
Pretty Good Privacy,PGP Confidentiality and Authentication,Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (S/MIME),Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (S/MIME),Enhanced Security Services,E-mail Threats
The presentation describes basics of cryptography and information security. It covers goals of cryptography, history of cipher symmetric and public key cryptography
What is Asymmetric Encryption? Understand with Simple ExamplesCheapSSLsecurity
Learn what is Asymmetric Encryption and how asymmetric encryption works with examples. Also, demystify the difference between asymmetric vs symmetric encryption.
A comparative study of symmetric key algorithm des, aes and blowfish for vide...pankaj kumari
Cryptography means storing and transmitting data or information in a particular form that allow to be kept secret.
Symmetric key cryptography:- Both sender and receiver share the secret key.The symmetric key is kept private.both parties use the same key for encryption and decryption.
Asymmetric key cryptography:- Asymmetric key cryptography uses public or private key for encryption and decryption.Public key is kept by publically and private is kept secret.sender use the public key to send message and receiver use the private or secret key to decrypt the message.
Analysis of Cryptographic Algorithms for Network SecurityEditor IJCATR
Cryptography plays a major role in securing data. It is used to ensure that the contents of a message are confidentially
transmitted and would not be altered. Network security is most vital component in information security as it refers to all hardware and
software function, characteristics, features, operational procedures, accountability, access control, and administrative and management
policy. Cryptography is central to IT security challenges, since it underpins privacy, confidentiality and identity, which together
provide the fundamentals for trusted e-commerce and secure communication. There is a broad range of cryptographic algorithms that
are used for securing networks and presently continuous researches on the new cryptographic algorithms are going on for evolving
more advanced techniques for secures communication.
This is a Presentation On use of AES Algorithm To Encrypt Or Decrypt a Text File. This Algorithm is the latest and better than DES. It is a Networking Presentation. Thank You.
A Review on Various Most Common Symmetric Encryptions Algorithmsijsrd.com
Security is the most challenging aspects in the internet and network application. Internet and networks applications are growing very fast, so the importance and the value of the exchanged data over the internet or other media types are increasing. Information security has been very important issue in data communication. Any loss or threat to information can prove to be great loss to the organization. Encryption technique plays a main role in information security system. This paper gives a comparison of various encryption algorithms and then finds best available one algorithm for the network security.
This presentation consists of the Seminar, provided by me in the partial fulfillment of my Bachelors Degree in G B Pant Engineering College. Seminar included information about Encryption, Decryption, Cryptosystems and Authenticity in crytosystem.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
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what is Parsing
different types of parsing
what is parser and role of parser
what is top-down parsing and bottom-up parsing
what is the problem in top-down parsing
design of top-down parsing and bottom-up parsing
examples of top-down parsing and bottom-up parsing
Industrial Pollution
advantages and disadvantages of Industrial Pollution
effects of Industrial Pollution
causes of Industrial Pollution
controls of Industrial Pollution
Ethics in Human Resource Management (HRM) of an OrganisationShrikantSharma86
what is HRM
what is ethics
what is the ethics in HRM
what is the are of HRM ethics
what is the role of HR for promoting the ethics
Unethical practise of HRM
What is Justice and Fairness
what is RAM and its block daigram
what is word
types of RAM
features of RAM
how RAM is installed in Window Vista and window 7
Advantages and disadvantages of RAM
what is online education
what is regular education
future scope of online education.
why online education
benefits of online education over the regular education
benefits of the regular education over online education
advantages and disadvantages of online education
what is Electronic-ink technology.
what is the variants of e-ink
what is the advantages of e-ink.
what is the disadvantages of e-ink.
difference between e-ink and e-paper
how does e-ink work?
what is electronic markets?
what is meaning and definition of personality.
what is the tips for personality development.
what is five personality traits.
myers-briggs type indicators
What is organisational culture and what are the importance of organisational culture.
Characteristics of organisational culture.
What is Organisation Change and types of organisation change.
What is the characteristics of Organisation Change.
What is the Lewin's Theree-Step Model.
What is Stress and different types of stress.
what is the way to overcome the stress.
In this presentation, we see that how golden ratio and Fibonacci series are calculated or working? and What is the problem faced by Fibonacci in Fibonacci series.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. What is Encryption?
Encryption
In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding information.
This process converts the original representation of the information,
known as plaintext, into an alternative form known as ciphertext.
Cryptography
Cryptography is a method of protecting information and
communications through the use of codes, so that only those for
whom the information is intended can read and process it.
3. Why encryption is need
◇It helps protect private information, sensitive data, and can
enhance the security of communication between client and
servers.
◇In essence, when your data is encrypted, even if an unauthorized
person or entity gains access to it, they will not be able to read it.
◇ Privacy. Encryption guarantees that no one can read messages
or access data except the legitimate recipient or data owner.
This measure prevents cybercriminals, hackers, internet service
providers, spammers, and even government institutions from
accessing and reading personal data.
◇ Security. Encryption helps protect information from data
breaches, whether the data is at rest or in transit.
◇ Authentication. Public key encryption proves that a website's
origin server owns the private key and thus was legitimately
assigned an SSL certificate.
4. ◇ Symmetric Encryption (Secret Key)
In symmetric-key schemes, the encryption and decryption keys are the same.
Communicating parties must have the same key in order to achieve secure
communication.
◇ Asymmetric Encryption (Public Key)
In public-key encryption schemes, the encryption key is published for anyone to
use and for encrypting messages. Only the receiving party has access to the
decryption key that enables messages to be read.
Encryption types
5. DES Encryption
DES(Data Encryption Standard) is a block
Cipher, which means that it takes a fixed-
length string of plaintext bits and transforms it
through a series of complicated operations.
This fixed-length of plaintext is of 64-bits, and
the key which is the same for both encryption
and decryption is also of 64-bits.
The Feistel structure, it is a design model from
which various block Ciphers are derived. DES
is one such block Cipher. A cryptographic
system based on a Feistel model uses the
same algorithm for both encryption and
decryption. The Feistel model takes 64 bits of
plaintext and divides it into halves, L and R of
32 bits each. R₂ is calculated as L⊕ƒ(R, Key)
and L₂ is the same as R.
6. Triple DES Encryption
Triple Data Encryption Algorithm or Triple-DES uses symmetric encryption. It is an
advanced version of DES block cipher, which used to have a 56-bit key. However, and
as the name suggests, TDES encrypts data using 56-bit key thrice, making it a 168-bit
key.
It works in three phases when encrypting the data:
■ encrypt
■ decrypt
■ re-encrypt
Likewise, the decryption phases would be:
■ decrypt
■ encrypt
■ decrypt again
7.
8. AES (Advanced Encryption Standards) is the successor of DES and trusted as the
standard by the United States government and various organizations. Low RAM
requirement and high speed were the main reason it was selected to hide top-secret
information. The algorithm can perform well on a wide range of hardware, from 8-bit
smart cards to high-performance processors.
AES is extremely efficient in 128-bit form, it also uses keys of 192 and 256 bits for heavy
security. It has 10 rounds for 128-bit keys, 12 rounds for 192-bit keys, and 14 rounds for
256-bit keys. The same key is used for both encryption and decryption of data.
No practical attacks against AES have been discovered. It is used in many different
protocols and transmission technologies, such as WPA2 protection of WiFi network,
Voice-over-IP technology, etc.
AES Encryption
10. RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) is a public-key encryption algorithm and the standard for encrypting
data sent over the internet. The acronym RSA comes from the surnames of Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir,
and Leonard Adleman. It also happens to be one of the methods used in PGP(Pretty Good Privacy)
and GPG(GNU Privacy Guard) programs.
Unlike Triple DES, RSA is considered an asymmetric encryption algorithm because it uses a pair of
keys. The public key is used to encrypt a message and a private key to decrypt it. It takes attackers
quite a bit of time and processing power to break this encryption code.
RSA Encryption
12. Computer security expert Bruce Schneier is the mastermind behind Blowfish
and its successor Twofish. Keys used in this algorithm may be up to 256 bits in
length and as a symmetric technique, only one key is needed.
Twofish is regarded as one of the fastest of its kind, and ideal for use in both
hardware and software environments. Like Blowfish, Twofish is freely available
to anyone who wants to use it. As a result, you’ll find it bundled in encryption
programs such as PhotoEncrypt, GPG, and the popular open source software
TrueCrypt.
Twofish Encryption
13. Blowfish is yet another algorithm
designed to replace DES. This symmetric
cipher splits messages into blocks of 64
bits and encrypts them individually.
Blowfish is known for both its tremendous
speed and overall effectiveness as many
claim that it has never been defeated.
Meanwhile, vendors have taken full
advantage of its free availability in the
public domain.
Blowfish can be found in software
categories ranging from e-commerce
platforms for securing payments to
password management tools, where it
used to protect passwords. It’s definitely
one of the more flexible encryption
methods available.
Blowfish encryption
14. IDEA Encryption
IDEA (International Data Encryption Algorithm) is an encryption algorithm
developed at ETH(public research university) in Zurich, Switzerland. It uses a
block cipher with a 128-bit key, and is generally considered to be very
secure. It is considered among the best publicly known algorithms.
In the several years that it has been in use, no practical attacks on it have
been published despite of a number of attempts to find some. IDEA is
patented in the United States and in most of the European countries. The
patent is held by Ascom-Tech. Non-commercial use of IDEA is free.
15. MD5 Encryption
Hashing is generating a value or values from a string of text using a
mathematical function.
Hashing is one way to enable security during the process of message
transmission when the message is intended for a particular recipient only. A
formula generates the hash, which helps to protect the security of the
transmission against tampering.
16. FPE Encryption
Format Preserving Encryption (FPE) is a fairly new encryption method. It
encrypts your data in a similar format. For instance, if you have encrypted
your password having 6 letters, 5 numbers and 4 special letters, then your
output will be a different combination of a similar format.
In other words, if you use this encryption technique, it will preserve the
format of your plain text that is after encryption the structure of your data
will remain the same. example: our 16-digit card number can encrypt to a
16-digit number
It is widely used in financial database systems, banking systems, retail, etc.
17. Encryption Key in
Magento
Magento uses an encryption key to protect passwords and other sensitive
data. An industry-standard Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-256)
algorithm is used to encrypt all data that requires decryption. This includes
credit card data and integration (payment and shipping module) passwords.
In addition, a strong Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-256) is used to hash all
data that does not require decryption.
During the initial installation, you are prompted to either let Magento
generate an encryption key, or enter one of your own. The Encryption Key
tool allows you to change the key as needed. The encryption key should be
changed on a regular basis to improve security, as well as at any time the
original key might be compromised. Whenever the key is changed, all legacy
data is re-encoded using the new key.
18. Step 1: Make the File Writable
◇ To change the encryption key, make sure that the following file is
writable: [your store]/app/etc/env.php
Step 2: Change the Encryption Key
◇ On the Admin sidebar, go to System > Other Settings > Manage
Encryption Key.
◇ Do one of the following:
■ To generate a new key, set Auto-generate Key to Yes.
■ To use a different key, set Auto-generate Key to No. Then in the
New Key field, enter or paste the key that you want to use.
◇ Click Change Encryption Key.
◇ Keep a record of the new key in a secure location.
◇ It will be required to decrypt the data, if any problems occur with your
files.
19. The Future of
Encryption
Cyber attacks are constantly evolving, so security specialists must stay busy
in the lab concocting new schemes to keep them at bay.
Expert observers are hopeful that a new method called Honey Encryption
will deter hackers by serving up fake data for every incorrect guess of the
key code. This unique approach not only slows attackers down, but
potentially buries the correct key in a haystack of false hopes.