Infrastructure of Building & canal

1. DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Infrastructure mainly consisting of
Buildings
Canals,
Er. Ramprasad Kumawat
M.Tech

2. • Infrastructure mainly consisting of
• Buildings,
• Bridges,
• Tunnels,
• Dams,
• Canals,
• Sewer systems

3. • Infrastructure is the set of fundamental
facilities and systems that support the
sustainable functionality of households and
firms.
• Serving a country, city, or other area,
including the services and facilities necessary
for its economy to function.

4. • Infrastructure is composed of public and
private physical structures such as
• Roads, Railways,
• Bridges, Tunnels,
• Water supply, Sewers,
• Electrical grids, and
• Telecommunications (including Internet
connectivity and broadband access).

5. • Infrastructure has been defined as
• “The physical components of interrelated
systems providing commodities and services
essential to enable, sustain, or enhance
societal living conditions" and maintain the
surrounding environment.

6. Building
• Infrastructure building means activities
directed at improving and maintaining the
health status of all clients by providing support
for the development and maintenance of
comprehensive health services systems
including standards or guidelines, training,
data, and planning systems.

7. • Infrastructure building will be promoted to
enhance the supply and the diffusion of
information, personnel training, and further
systematization of educational programs, in
order to ensure that environmental
education/learning including that designed to
reduce waste discharges will be promoted at
schools, within the family, in workplaces, in
local communities, and any other places etc.

8. • Infrastructure building may include physical
space, health information technology systems,
including electronic health records, bulk
purchasing of contraceptive and other clinic
supplies, clinical training for staff, and
community outreach and recruitment.

9. • Office Building Project Buildings means all of
the buildings on the Office Building Project
site.
• Apartment Building means a residential use
building, or the residential use portion of a
mixed-use building, other than a townhouse or
stacked townhouse containing four or more
dwelling units each of which shall have access
to above grade common halls, stairs, elevators,
and yards;

10. • Building Systems means any electrical,
mechanical, structural, plumbing, heating,
ventilating, air conditioning, sprinkler, life
safety or security systems serving the
Building.
• Heritage building means any building of one
or more premises or any part thereof which
requires preservation and conservation for
historical, architectural, environmental,
cultural or religious purpose includes such
portion of the land adjoining such buildings as
may be required;

11. Canal
• Canals are waterway channels, or artificial
waterways, for water conveyance, or for
servicing water transport vehicles.
• They carry free surface flow under atmospheric
pressure, and can be thought of as artificial rivers.
• In most cases, a canal has a series
of dams and locks that create reservoirs of low
speed current flow.
• These reservoirs are referred to as slack water
levels, often just called levels.

12. • A canal can be called a navigation canal when
it parallels a river and shares part of its waters
and drainage basin, and leverages its resources
by building dams and locks to increase and
lengthen its stretches of slack water levels
while staying in its valley.

13. Types of artificial waterways
• A navigation is a series of channels that run
roughly parallel to the valley and stream bed of
an unimproved river.
• A navigation always shares the drainage
basin of the river.
• A vessel uses the calm parts of the river itself
as well as improvements, traversing the same
changes in height

14. • A true canal is a channel that cuts across
a drainage divide, making a navigable channel
connecting two different drainage basins.

15. Structures used in artificial waterways
• Both navigations and canals
use engineered structures to improve
navigation:
• weirs and dams to raise river water levels to
usable depths;
• looping descents to create a longer and gentler
channel around a stretch of rapids or falls;
• locks to allow ships and barges to
ascend/descend.

16. Types of canals
• There are two broad types of canal:
• Waterways: canals and navigations used for
carrying vessels transporting goods and people.
• These can be subdivided into two kinds:
• Those connecting existing lakes, rivers, other
canals or seas and oceans.
• Those connected in a city network: such as
the Canal Grande and others of Venice;
the grachten of Amsterdam or Utrecht, and the
waterways of Bangkok.

17. • Aqueducts: water supply canals that are used
for the conveyance and delivery
of potable water for human
consumption, municipal uses, hydro power
canals and agriculture irrigation.

18. • THANKS!