This document discusses various types of visual representations that can be used to communicate information beyond just stories. It describes graphs like pie graphs, bar graphs, pictorial graphs, and line graphs that represent data visually. It also discusses graphic organizers and different types of maps like physical maps, relief maps, economic maps, and political maps. The document provides examples of how each visual symbol can be used and emphasizes that these tools provide alternative ways to learn and teach information compared to just using text.

1. A story is not the only way
to communicate
information. There are
other ways we can learn
new information!
• CIRCLE OR PIE
GRAPH
• BAR GRAPH
• PICTORIAL GRAPH
• LINE GRAPH
• GRAPHIC
ORGANIZER
Like pictures, all
other visual
symbols are worth
a thousand words
• Physical Map
• Relief Map
• Commercial or Economic
Map
• Political Map
Postscript--A Lot of
Visual Symbols at Your
Disposal

2. PIE GRAPH
• Can be used to show
the percentage of I
whole or 100%
• Should have a title
and it should have a
key/legend
• May or may not show
actual percentages
BAR
GRAPH
• Used in comparing the
magnitude of similar items
at different ties or seeing
relative sizes of the parts of
a whole
• uses bars to show data.
The bars can be vertical (up
and down), or horizontal
(across). The data can be in
words or numbers.

3. PICTORIAL
GRAPH
• Make use of picture
symbols
• Uses pictures or
symbols to show data.
One picture often
stands for more than
one vote so a key is
necessary to understand
the symbols.
LINE GRAPH
• Lines to represent
amounts of things.
• Uses points and lines on
a grid to show change
over a period of time.

4. GRAPHIC
ORGANIZER
• Visual representations of
knowledge, concepts,
thoughts, or ideas.
Graphic Organizers
historically have been
organized bits of data in
easy-to-understand
formats, such as charts,
tables, and graphs

5. MAPS
Physical Map-
Combines in a
single projection
data like altitude,
temperature,
rainfall,
precipitation,
vegetation and soil.
Relief Map-
Has three
dimensional
representations and
show contours of the
physical data of the
earth or part of the
earth.
Commercial or
Economic Map-
Also called
product or
industrial map
since they show
land areas in
relation to the
economy. Political Map-
Gives detailed
information about
country, provinces,
cities and towns,
roads and highways.
Oceans, rivers and
lakes are the main
features of most
political maps.

6. MAPS
LANGUAGE
Scale- shows how much of the actual earth’s
surface is represented by a given measurement on
a map. E.g. 1 inch= 15 statute miles.
Symbols- usually a map has a legend that explains
what each symbol means.
Color- the different colors of the map are part of
the map language.
Geographic grids-
Meridian: north and south pole line
Parallels: lines drawn around a globe with all
points along each line with an equal distance from
the pole.
Longitude: distance in degrees of any place east or
west of the prime meridian
Latitude: distance in degrees of any place north
and south of the equator.

7. UNDERSTANDING
MAPS, GRAPHS
AND CHARTS
• Summing up:
The proper use of visual
symbols will contribute to optimum
learning. For these visual symbols to be
at your fingertips, you ought to be
skilled at making them.
The collection, preparation and
use of these various visual symbols
depends to a great extent on your
resourcefulness and creativity. If you
use them skillfully, your classroom may
turn into a beehive of busy students.
1. Read the titles and
subtitles.
2. Read the key, and/or the
legend, and the scale of
miles whenever any of
these are present.
3. Read the information
shown along the side and
the bottom of graphs and
charts and tables, if any.
4. Determine your purpose
for reading the map, chart,
table, or graph.
Creativity is
intelligence
having fun
Albert Einstein

8. POSTSCRIPT
• You may not realize it. But with visual symbols alone, you have an
array of teaching materials to choose from. If you decide and
commit yourself to using one visual symbol for every lesson, you
will keep your teaching crispy and fresh. Only that this requires
more preparation and more learning on your part. You must learn
how to draw, sketch, make diagrams, graphs and charts. The
computer can now do the graphs, the charts and some diagrams.
You have to know what software to use and, of course, how to
manipulate the computer.