This document defines and describes various types of graphic materials used for instructional purposes. It discusses drawings, illustrations, charts, diagrams, graphs, posters, cartoons, maps, and globes. Drawings and illustrations are nonphotographic representations used to visualize concepts. Charts such as flowcharts and tables present relationships between data. Diagrams use lines and symbols to show relationships. Graphs represent numerical data visually. Posters combine images and words to convey brief messages. Cartoons use exaggerated features to provide humor. Maps represent the Earth's surface for various purposes such as physical features or political boundaries.

1. BUGARIN, MA. CRISTINA N.
GRAPHIC
MATERIALS

2. Graphics; comes from the
Greek word graphein
which means “to write”,
“to draw”, or “to represent
by lines”.

3. Graphics are instructional
materials which present
summarized information and
idea through drawings, words,
pictures and symbols. It is
generally abstract.

4. DRAWINGS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
 Nonphotographic representations of reality.
Illustrations can be in black and white.
Giving faces to the characters.
Displaying a number of examples of an
item described in a textbook.
Visualizing stepwise sets of instructions in
a technical manual.
Communicating subtle thematic tone in
narrative, and
Making a reader laugh or smile.

6. DRAWINGS & ILLUSTRATIONS
 ADVANTAGES
 Could be prepared
ahead of time before
the class starts.
 Easily prepared and
utilize.
 Less detailed, hence,
learners can easily
understand.
 LIMITATIONS
 Could be subject to
misinterpretations.
 Technical expertise
in drawing could be
needed to produce
good drawing and
illustrations.

7. CHARTS
 Present relationships such as chronologies,
quantities and hierarchies.
 Usually appear as tables and flow charts.
 Present a combination of pictorial, graphic,
numerical and verbal materials.

8. TYPES OF CHARTS
Flowcharts or Process
charts
Show a sequence, procedure,
or a flow of a process.

10. Classification Chart
Shows the classification and
categorization of objects or events.

12. Tabular Charts
Show data, usually numerical
and are presented in columns.

14. Organizational Chart
Show the structure or chain
of command in an
organization such as
company, government and
so on.

16. Stream or Tree Chart
o Show the relationships of data as
shown in an hierarchy.

18. Timeline Chart
Chronological
relationships
between events.

20. DIAGRAMS
Consist of lines and symbols
that show relationships or key
features of a process, an object
or an area.

21. TYPES OF DIAGRAM
Venn Diagrams
Show areas of overlap
between elements.

23. Cycle Diagram
Show process
with continuous
cycle.

25. Radial Diagram
Show
relationships of a
core element.

27. Pyramid Diagram
Show foundation
based relationship.

29. Target Diagram
Show steps
toward a goal.

31. GRAPHS
Instructional materials which
represent numerical data. It
also illustrate relationships
among units of data and
trends in data.

32. TYPES OF GRAPHS
Line Graphs
Used frequently in
plotting relationships
between changes in a set
of data, usually over a
period of time.

34. Bar Graphs
Consists of bars,
either horizontally or
vertically, which are
useful in presenting
comparisons of data.

36. Circle or Pie Graphs
Used to show how a
whole is divided into
parts and relationship
of the parts.

38. Pictographs
Use pictures to
represent and
compare numerical
data instead of bar and
lines.

40. POSTERS
Are materials which combine
images, lines, colors and words.
Intend to catch and hold
viewer’s attention to present a
brief, persuasive message.

42. CARTOON & STRIP DRAWINGS
Are colorful line drawings with
exaggerated features or symbols
that provide humor or satire.
They usually appear in
newspapers, books, textbooks.

44. MAPS & GLOBES
Maps
Represent the
Earth’s or portion
of the Earth’s
surface.

45. CLASSIFICATION OF MAPS
Physical Maps
Emphasize terrain
and topographical
concepts.

47. Political Maps
Emphasize man made
phenomena such as state,
city or provincial
boundaries, locations or
highways and
government buildings.

49. Special Purpose Maps
Used for peculiar
purposes like presenting
amount of rainfall,
population distribution &
travel routes.

51. CLASSIFICATION OF GLOBES
Political Globes
Show location and
boundaries of cities,
provinces and other
man-made structures.

53. Physical-political Globes
Show some political
features but emphasize
land elevations and
ocean depths.

55. Special Purpose Maps
Constructed for
specific purposes such
as satellite globes,
celestial globes and
physical relief globes.

57. THANK YOU!
MARAMING SALAMAT!
KAMSAHAMNIDA!
ARIGATTO!
XIEXIE!
DANKE!
GRACIAS!