After reading this chapter, you will be able to:
Define e-commerce and describe how it differs from e-business.
Identify and describe the unique features of e-commerce technology and discuss their business significance.
Describe the major types of e-commerce.
Discuss the origins and growth of e-commerce
Understand the vision and forces operating during the first five years of e-commerce, and assess its successes, surprises and failures.
Identify several factors that will define the next five years of e-commerce.
Describe the major themes underlying the study of e-commerce.
Identify the major academic disciplines contributing to e-commerce research.
Understand the intricacies of setting up an online E-Commerce store. Learn the basic fundamentals of B2B vs B2C E-
Commerce portal and major components in an EC Development process.
Understand the intricacies of setting up an online E-Commerce store. Learn the basic fundamentals of B2B vs B2C E-
Commerce portal and major components in an EC Development process.
E-commerce is an facility for each and every user buying and selling product through the internet. By using E-commerce we can manage everything in our time. Every person/user can handle different transaction like E-payment-billing, Mobile banking, Net banking-learning, E-insurance, etc. In india E-commerce technology is increased because of wide range of products and minimum price wide range of suppliers and customers internet. Electronic Commerce is enabling the customer to have an increasing say in what products are made, how products are made and how services are delivered. Through the E-commerce we can achieve greater economic efficiency (lower cost) and more rapid exchange (high speed, accelerated, or real-time interaction.This paper gives an overview of the future of ECommerce and discusses the scope,challenges,Types of E-commerce,Uses ,Advantages and disadvantages of E-Commerce. Also use of EDI.We also find out to help future growth of Indian e-commerce. This paper also represent evaluation of internet users. Ashwini Jagdale | Rupnawar Ashwini"Challenges of E-commerce " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2260.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/2260/challenges-of-e-commerce-/ashwini-jagdale
E-commerce is an facility for each and every user buying and selling product through the internet. By using E-commerce we can manage everything in our time. Every person/user can handle different transaction like E-payment-billing, Mobile banking, Net banking-learning, E-insurance, etc. In india E-commerce technology is increased because of wide range of products and minimum price wide range of suppliers and customers internet. Electronic Commerce is enabling the customer to have an increasing say in what products are made, how products are made and how services are delivered. Through the E-commerce we can achieve greater economic efficiency (lower cost) and more rapid exchange (high speed, accelerated, or real-time interaction.This paper gives an overview of the future of ECommerce and discusses the scope,challenges,Types of E-commerce,Uses ,Advantages and disadvantages of E-Commerce. Also use of EDI.We also find out to help future growth of Indian e-commerce. This paper also represent evaluation of internet users. Ashwini Jagdale | Rupnawar Ashwini"Challenges of E-commerce " Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-5 , August 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd2260.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/2260/challenges-of-e-commerce-/ashwini-jagdale
Lecture 1 ECommerce an Introduction for Master classes UOSHabib Ullah Qamar
Lecture 1 for Introduction to eCommerce for student of MCOM form University of Sargodha. this covers, definition ,history and growth, unique features and revenue model.
E-BM The Internet and World Wide Web: E-BM InfrastructureKaleemSarwar2
The Internet and
World Wide Web:
E-BM Infrastructure, The Internet: Key Technology Concepts, Packet Switching, TCP/IP, Internet (IP) Addresses, Domain Names, DNS, and URLs, Client/Server Computing, Cloud Computing, Other Internet Protocols and Utility Programs, The Internet Today,
E-BM, Business Models and Concepts, 8 Key Elements of a Business Model, Categorizing E-commerce Business Models, B2C Business Models: Portal (Gateway), B2C Models: E- tailor,
Introduction
Types of Research
Research approaches
Key points of Research
Planning a Research Project
Research Question and its Generation
Hypothesis Generation
Sampling methods
Questionnaire development and design
Preparing a Research Proposal
Validity & Reliability of Research
Writing a Research Reports
Executive Summary, 1.Introduction, 2.Structure of Stock Exchange, 3.History and Developments, 4.Requirements for Listed Companies, 5.Reporting Requirements, 6.Buying and Selling Share Procedures, 7.Size of Stock Market, 8.Current Changes, 9.Comparison with ISE, 10.Conclusion, Reference
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Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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3. Learning Objectives
After reading this chapter, you will be able to:
Define e-commerce and describe how it differs from e-business.
Identify and describe the unique features of e-commerce technology and discuss
their business significance.
Describe the major types of e-commerce.
Discuss the origins and growth of e-commerce
Understand the vision and forces operating during the first five years of e-
commerce, and assess its successes, surprises and failures.
Identify several factors that will define the next five years of e-commerce.
Describe the major themes underlying the study of e-commerce.
Identify the major academic disciplines contributing to e-commerce research.
Slide 1-3
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
5. E-commerce Trends 2009–2010
New business models based on social technologies,
consumer-generated content, and services
2009 a flat year, but growth expected to resume in
2010
Broadband and wireless access continue to grow
Mobile e-commerce begins to take off
Traditional media losing subscribers
Slide 1-5
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
6. What is E-commerce?
Use of Internet and Web to transact
business
More formally:
Digitally enabled commercial transactions
between and among organizations and
individuals
Slide 1-6
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
7. E-commerce vs. E-business
E-business:
Digital enablement of transactions and processes
within a firm, involving information systems under
firm’s control
Does not include commercial transactions
involving an exchange of value across
organizational boundaries
Slide 1-7
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
8. Why Study E-commerce?
E-commerce technology is different, more
powerful than previous technologies
E-commerce bringing fundamental changes to
commerce
Slide 1-8
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
9. Why Study E-commerce?
Traditional commerce:
Time consuming
Wastage of resources
Less informative
Less comparative
Information asymmetry (irregularity)
Slide 1-9
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
10. Unique Features of E-commerce Technology
1. Ubiquity (It is available just about everywhere and at all times)
2. Global reach (The potential market size is roughly equal to the size of the
online population of the world.)
3. Universal standards (The technical standards of the Internet and
therefore of conducting e-commerce, are shared by all of the nations in
the world)
4. Information richness (Information that is complex and content-rich can
be delivered without sacrificing reach.)
5. Interactivity (E-commerce technologies allow two-way communication
between the merchant and the consumer).
6. Information density (The total amount and quality of information
available to all market participants is vastly increased and is cheaper to
deliver.
7. Personalization/customization
8. Social technology Slide 1-10
BY:MADDY.KALEE
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11. Web 2.0
Applications, technologies that allow
users to:
Create and share content, preferences, bookmarks, and
online personas
Participate in virtual lives
Build online communities
Examples
YouTube, Photobucket, Flickr, Google, iPhone
MySpace, Facebook, LinkedIn
Second Life
Wikipedia
Slide 1-11
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
12. Types of E-commerce
Classified by market relationship
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)
Business-to-Business (B2B)
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
Classified by technology used
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Mobile commerce (M-commerce)
Slide 1-12
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
13. The Internet
Worldwide network of computer networks
built on common standards
Created in late 1960s
Services include the Web, e-mail, file
transfers, etc.
Can measure growth by looking at number of
Internet hosts with domain names
Slide 1-13
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
14. The Growth of
the Internet,
Measured by
Number of
Internet Hosts
with Domain
Names
Figure 1.3, Page 23
Slide 1-14
SOURCE: Internet Systems Consortium,
Inc., 2009.
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
15. The Web
Most popular Internet service
Developed in early 1990s
Provides access to Web pages
HTML documents that may include text,
graphics, animations, music, videos
Web content has grown exponentially
2 billion Web pages in 2000
At least 40–50 billion pages today
Slide 1-15
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
16. The Growth of B2C E-commerce
Figure 1.4, Page 25
Slide 1-16
SOURCES: eMarketer, Inc., 2009a; U.S. Census Bureau, 2009b; authors’ estimates.
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
17. The Growth of B2B E-commerce
Figure 1.5, Page 28
Slide 1-17
SOURCES: U.S. Census Bureau, 2009a; authors’ estimates.
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
18. Early Visions of E-commerce
Computer scientists:
Inexpensive, universal communications and computing
environment accessible by all
Economists:
Nearly perfect competitive market and friction-free
commerce
Lowered search costs, disintermediation, price
transparency, elimination of unfair competitive advantage
Entrepreneurs:
Extraordinary opportunity to earn far above normal
returns on investment—first mover advantage
Slide 1-18
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
19. Predictions for the Future
Technology will propagate through all commercial activity
Prices will rise to cover the real cost of doing business
E-commerce margins and profits will rise to levels more
typical of all retailers
Number of successful pure online stores will remain smaller
than integrated offline/online stores
Growth of regulatory activity worldwide
Influence of cost of energy
Slide 1-19
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
20. Understanding E-commerce:
Organizing Themes
Technology:
Development and mastery of digital computing and
communications technology
Business:
New technologies present businesses with new ways of
organizing production and transacting business
Society:
Intellectual property, individual privacy, public welfare
policy
Slide 1-20
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
22. Academic Disciplines Concerned
with E-commerce
Technical approach
Computer science
Management science
Information systems
Behavioral approach
Information systems
Economics
Marketing
Management
Finance/accounting
Sociology
Slide 1-22
BY:MADDY.KALEE
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23. Slide 1-23
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America.
BY:MADDY.KALEE
M
