This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in the second semester including genetics, evolution, and classification of life. Genetics will cover DNA structure and function, including DNA replication, gene expression, mutations, inheritance of traits, and biotechnology. Evolution will discuss gene pools, variation, natural selection, evidence for evolution, adaptations, and human impacts on gene pools. Classification of life will focus on the kingdoms Animalia and Plantae, comparing nervous and vascular systems, and plant reproduction. Videos and online resources are provided for further learning on genetics and genetic modification.

1. New Seating Chart

2. Semester 2 Preview
 Genetics
◦ DNA
◦ Gene expression and
protein synthesis
◦ Mutations
◦ Creation of sex cells
(gametes)
◦ Inheritance of traits
◦ biotechnology
 Evolution
◦ Gene pools
◦ Sources of variation
◦ Natural selection
◦ Evidence for evolution
◦ Adaptations
◦ Human impacts on
gene pools
• Classification of life
– Kingdom Animalia
• Nervous systems
– Kingdom Plantae
• Vascular systems
• Plant reproduction

3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EzEr23XJwFY
https://www.twig-world.com/film/genetic-modification-1063/

4. So what is a GMO and why are
they controversial?

5. Quick Check
Where is the DNA in a
eukaryotic cell?

6. 1-4-17
Objective
create a model of a DNA
molecule and correctly
identify each component

7. As always…
 Key concepts are underlined
 Vocab is in green

8. DNA
Structure

9. Big Idea # 1
 DNA is a type of
nucleic acid made
up of repeating
units called
nucleotides
1 nucleotide

10. Remember…
 Nucleotides are like building
blocks
 A long chain stacked together
makes a DNA molecule
Like 1
nucleotide
Many
nucleotides
linked
together =
DNA

11. Big Idea # 2
 Nucleotides are
made up of 3
parts

12. 1. sugar called deoxyribose
2. phosphate group
3. nitrogen base
Deoxyribose
Draw along with
me in your
notebook

13. Quick Check
What
observations
can you
make about
this model of
DNA?

14.  The deoxyribose sugar
and the phosphate are
ALWAYS THE SAME
 There are 4 KINDS of
nitrogen bases:
– Adenine (A)
– Guanine (G)
– Cytosine (C)
– Thymine (T)
but…

15. Quick Check
 In your notebook
Draw an ADENINE
NUCLEOTIDE pairing with
the one you already drew

16. Big Idea #3
 In DNA:
– A always pairs with T
– C always pairs with G

17.  A and T form 2 hydrogen bonds between
them

18.  C and G form 3 hydrogen bonds between
them

19. Quick Check
What observations can you
make about the 4 nitrogen
bases in DNA?

20. Big idea #4
 DNA is a double helix
 Double - 2 strands
 Helix - twisted

21.  The 2 strands of DNA are
COMPLIMENTARY to each other

22. For your assignment:
 Color the sugar deoxyribose BLUE
 Color the phosphate group PURPLE
 Color the Adenine RED
 Color the Thymine YELLOW
 Color the Cytosine ORANGE
 Color the Guanine GREEN
 Answer the questions on a piece of binder
paper and build the molecule
 When you are done, bring your molecule
to the wall and join it to the others