Disaster management class 2
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This document discusses the characteristics and consequences of disasters. It describes characteristics like predictability, frequency, and intensity. The main consequences discussed are health, psychological, social, economic, and environmental impacts. Health impacts include direct effects like loss of life and injuries as well as indirect impacts like increased infections. Psychological impacts can include conditions like post-traumatic stress disorder among victims and first responders. Social impacts involve issues like breakdown of family systems and increased inequality.
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COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The government alone cannot and will not be able to manage and handle all types of disasters with its machinery without active participation by the people of any country, according to a common theory given by policy makers, experts, and professionals. Failures of topdown effective disaster management approach to reduce risks from of disasters land evidence to this notion. As a consequence, numerous scholars and stakeholders feel that it is high time to adopt a new strategy that will involve vulnerable people directly in planning and implementation of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery measures. This is because communities are the best judges of their own vulnerability and are capable of making the best decisions regarding their well-being.
This philosophy involves local level people, leaders and community to provide necessary services and logistics to the victims during and after the disaster. Such a strategy has been encouraged both in the developed and the developing countries and launched on Community- Based Disaster Management (CBDM) strategy.
Disaster recovery needs to ensure people’s ability to participate in, negotiate with, influence, control and hold accountable the institutions that affect their lives during the recovery process. In this manner, people-centered recovery programmes respond to the needs and priorities of affected communities, build on their knowledge, skills and capacities, are more culturally appropriate, ensure ownership and empowerment, and have a much better prospect for success.
Participation can also enhance the effectiveness and results of post-disaster recovery. Engaging people and their communities helps to improve the delivery and quality of recovery services, enhances social inclusion, and brings greater transparency and accountability.
Lecture 9: Urban Disaster Risk Reduction
The document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Riyanti Djalante on urban disaster risk reduction. It provides an overview of her background and research interests, which include conceptual frameworks for hazards, risks, vulnerability and resilience. It then outlines key concepts related to disaster risk reduction and frameworks such as the Hyogo Framework and Sendai Framework. The presentation discusses how cities face increased disaster risks due to factors like population concentration, infrastructure development, and effects of climate change. It analyzes the risks cities face from hazards like flooding, earthquakes and storms. The presentation emphasizes the importance of understanding risk and implementing measures to strengthen urban resilience and disaster preparedness.
8 Disaster Management
Disaster-meaning, Meaning - Disaster Management, Features of Disaster Management, Problems and Challenges of Disaster Management, Consequences/ Effects of Disasters - Physical, Psychological, Economic, Social, Disasters in India, Cop-up Strategies, Physical Coping Strategies, Mental Coping Strategies, Emotional Coping Strategies, Measures at National Level, Measures at State Level, Measures at District Level
Disaster management final
Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. A disaster is the result of a hazard interacting with vulnerable infrastructure or populations. Natural disasters include earthquakes, floods, droughts, volcanoes, hurricanes, and tsunamis. Disaster management has four phases: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Educational institutions and teachers play an important role by providing shelter, medical care, disaster information, training, and raising awareness about hazards and preparedness. As responsible citizens, teachers should be involved in disaster preparedness efforts.
Resilience and vulnerability
This document discusses the concepts of resilience and vulnerability in emergency response systems. It defines resilience as the ability to recover readily from shocks through a combination of attitude, preparedness, and redundancy. Vulnerability is the potential for harm and is inversely related to resilience. The key aspects of resilient emergency response systems identified are adequate training and resources, robust collaborative command structures, inclusive participation, adaptable emergency plans, and redundant communications. A sustainable emergency response system is locally supported, continuously developing, and based on emergency planning that is applied flexibly and serves as an everyday function.
Disaster management concept
This document defines key concepts related to disaster management, including what constitutes a disaster and the factors that determine risk. It explains that disasters result from natural or man-made hazards interacting with vulnerabilities and limited response capacity. Vulnerabilities can be physical, social, or economic. The document also outlines different types of disasters and the components of disaster management, including response, recovery, prevention, and preparedness/mitigation. It provides examples for each.
Disaster management and case study ppt
The document discusses disaster management and provides a case study on the Uttarakhand tragedy in India. It defines a disaster and outlines the different types. The disaster management process and emergency management approaches are described, including preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. The case study then examines the 2013 floods in Uttarakhand that were caused by cloud bursts during monsoon season, leaving thousands stranded or swept away. It concludes that the Indian government needs new ideas and technology to better prevent natural disasters and educate people on preparedness.
Natural Hazard in Bangladesh
Natural Hazard is a common phenomena of Bangladesh which makes visit here every year. It contains a detail study about the natural hazards of Bangladesh with its seasonal distribution, causes, effects and necessary maps. An extended Hazard Calendar has been added here.
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COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The government alone cannot and will not be able to manage and handle all types of disasters with its machinery without active participation by the people of any country, according to a common theory given by policy makers, experts, and professionals. Failures of topdown effective disaster management approach to reduce risks from of disasters land evidence to this notion. As a consequence, numerous scholars and stakeholders feel that it is high time to adopt a new strategy that will involve vulnerable people directly in planning and implementation of mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery measures. This is because communities are the best judges of their own vulnerability and are capable of making the best decisions regarding their well-being.
This philosophy involves local level people, leaders and community to provide necessary services and logistics to the victims during and after the disaster. Such a strategy has been encouraged both in the developed and the developing countries and launched on Community- Based Disaster Management (CBDM) strategy.
Disaster recovery needs to ensure people’s ability to participate in, negotiate with, influence, control and hold accountable the institutions that affect their lives during the recovery process. In this manner, people-centered recovery programmes respond to the needs and priorities of affected communities, build on their knowledge, skills and capacities, are more culturally appropriate, ensure ownership and empowerment, and have a much better prospect for success.
Participation can also enhance the effectiveness and results of post-disaster recovery. Engaging people and their communities helps to improve the delivery and quality of recovery services, enhances social inclusion, and brings greater transparency and accountability.
Lecture 9: Urban Disaster Risk Reduction
The document summarizes a presentation by Dr. Riyanti Djalante on urban disaster risk reduction. It provides an overview of her background and research interests, which include conceptual frameworks for hazards, risks, vulnerability and resilience. It then outlines key concepts related to disaster risk reduction and frameworks such as the Hyogo Framework and Sendai Framework. The presentation discusses how cities face increased disaster risks due to factors like population concentration, infrastructure development, and effects of climate change. It analyzes the risks cities face from hazards like flooding, earthquakes and storms. The presentation emphasizes the importance of understanding risk and implementing measures to strengthen urban resilience and disaster preparedness.
8 Disaster Management
Disaster-meaning, Meaning - Disaster Management, Features of Disaster Management, Problems and Challenges of Disaster Management, Consequences/ Effects of Disasters - Physical, Psychological, Economic, Social, Disasters in India, Cop-up Strategies, Physical Coping Strategies, Mental Coping Strategies, Emotional Coping Strategies, Measures at National Level, Measures at State Level, Measures at District Level
Disaster management final
Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. A disaster is the result of a hazard interacting with vulnerable infrastructure or populations. Natural disasters include earthquakes, floods, droughts, volcanoes, hurricanes, and tsunamis. Disaster management has four phases: preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Educational institutions and teachers play an important role by providing shelter, medical care, disaster information, training, and raising awareness about hazards and preparedness. As responsible citizens, teachers should be involved in disaster preparedness efforts.
Resilience and vulnerability
This document discusses the concepts of resilience and vulnerability in emergency response systems. It defines resilience as the ability to recover readily from shocks through a combination of attitude, preparedness, and redundancy. Vulnerability is the potential for harm and is inversely related to resilience. The key aspects of resilient emergency response systems identified are adequate training and resources, robust collaborative command structures, inclusive participation, adaptable emergency plans, and redundant communications. A sustainable emergency response system is locally supported, continuously developing, and based on emergency planning that is applied flexibly and serves as an everyday function.
Disaster management concept
This document defines key concepts related to disaster management, including what constitutes a disaster and the factors that determine risk. It explains that disasters result from natural or man-made hazards interacting with vulnerabilities and limited response capacity. Vulnerabilities can be physical, social, or economic. The document also outlines different types of disasters and the components of disaster management, including response, recovery, prevention, and preparedness/mitigation. It provides examples for each.
Disaster management and case study ppt
The document discusses disaster management and provides a case study on the Uttarakhand tragedy in India. It defines a disaster and outlines the different types. The disaster management process and emergency management approaches are described, including preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. The case study then examines the 2013 floods in Uttarakhand that were caused by cloud bursts during monsoon season, leaving thousands stranded or swept away. It concludes that the Indian government needs new ideas and technology to better prevent natural disasters and educate people on preparedness.
Natural Hazard in Bangladesh
Natural Hazard is a common phenomena of Bangladesh which makes visit here every year. It contains a detail study about the natural hazards of Bangladesh with its seasonal distribution, causes, effects and necessary maps. An extended Hazard Calendar has been added here.
Disaster management basic concepts
This document provides an overview of basic concepts and frameworks related to disaster management in India. It defines key terms like disaster, hazard, risk, and vulnerability. It outlines the disaster management cycle of preparedness, relief, mitigation, rehabilitation and reconstruction. It also describes the types of disasters India faces, the vulnerability of different regions, and the institutional framework for disaster management at national, state and district levels as established by the Disaster Management Act of 2005.
Disaster Risk Reduction
The document discusses disaster risk reduction (DRR) and provides definitions, components, strategies, and challenges related to DRR. It defines DRR as aimed at preventing new and reducing existing disaster risk to strengthen resilience. The key components of DRR discussed are mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery. Challenges to addressing DRR include lack of political commitment, resource constraints, and ineffective disaster information systems. International frameworks like the Hyogo Framework and Sendai Framework provide guidance on DRR policy and priorities.
Floods causes & impacts
Flooding can be caused by both physical and human factors. Heavy rainfall, snowmelt, steep drainage basins, and coastal influences can increase flooding risk naturally. Human activities like urbanization, deforestation, and improper infrastructure development exacerbate flooding through reduced infiltration and faster runoff. Flooding can have severe social and economic impacts through property damage, transportation disruptions, and health issues, but may also provide benefits like fertile soils under some circumstances. Risk analysis aims to estimate the probability and potential impacts of flood events.
Management of disaster
The document defines disaster and discusses disaster management based on Indonesian law. It provides the following key points:
1. Disaster is defined as an incident that threatens or disrupts human lives and livelihoods caused by natural or man-made factors.
2. Disasters are classified as natural, man-made, or social. Natural disasters include tsunamis, volcanoes and floods. Man-made disasters include technological failures or modernization failures.
3. Disaster management consists of prevention, mitigation, preparedness, early warning, response, relief, recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction aimed at reducing risks and impacts before, during and after disasters.
Disaster management By vivek bhatt
India is vulnerable to both natural and human-induced disasters. Natural disasters that commonly occur in India include floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, and droughts. These disasters can be categorized as slow-onset like droughts or rapid-onset like earthquakes. They cause widespread damage and disruption. India has developed systems for disaster management but remains at risk given factors like its large population, urbanization, and effects of climate change. The economically weak face greater vulnerabilities during disasters. After disasters, rehabilitation and reconstruction aim to restore affected communities while encouraging necessary adjustments. Various agencies in India are responsible for managing different types of disasters.
IMPACT OF DISASTERS
Disasters can have significant negative impacts on human life, the economy, the environment, and society. The document discusses 8 key impact areas of disasters: (1) loss of human life, livelihoods, and property; (2) displacement of communities; (3) disruptions to education; (4) damage to local economies and opportunities for prosperity; (5) changes to ecology and the environment; (6) psychological trauma for survivors; (7) breakdown of social structures and support networks; and (8) risks to public health from infrastructure loss and poor sanitation. The severity of a disaster's effects are determined by the scale of its impacts across these different domains.
Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative - Susan Cutter
This document summarizes a presentation given by Susan L. Cutter on increasing national disaster resilience. It discusses how economic damages from weather disasters have been increasing in recent years. It also outlines trends like population growth and an aging infrastructure that are making the US more vulnerable to hazards. The presentation calls for the US to become more resilient by taking steps like adopting building codes and land use practices that reduce risk.
Disaster management
The document defines disasters as unexpected events that severely disrupt people's lives and communities. It discusses different types of natural and man-made disasters and defines disaster management as the coordinated process of planning for, responding to, and recovering from disasters through prevention, mitigation, capacity building, preparedness, response, assessment, and rehabilitation/reconstruction efforts. Additionally, it notes that many parts of India are vulnerable to disasters like earthquakes, droughts, floods, and cyclones and outlines the key phases of the disaster management cycle.
Disaster management cycle and framework
Prevention and Mitigation
Prevention
Mitigation
Early warning system
Preparedness
Capacity development
Disaster Management
Disaster is a serious, dangerous and intolerable phenomena on the planet earth. Thousands of people die in a moment. Many people may become homeless and parentless. Valuable properties get damaged within no time. Disasters are events shocking the whole world and making the humanity to feel very sad. All life support systems are affected by these incidences.
What is required to minimize the effects is the application of certain management practices. Disaster management is an essential component of our development works. Let us see the aspects of Disaster Management in this module.
Causes of flooding
This document discusses river basin management and flooding. It provides reasons for managing river basins, including for irrigation, water supply, navigation, tourism, hydroelectricity, and flood prevention. It then focuses on flooding, discussing both physical and human causes. It also discusses strategies for flood management, including hard engineering approaches like dams and levees, as well as softer approaches like land use regulation, warning systems, and insurance. Specific examples from the Tees Valley, Bangladesh, and Vaiont Dam disaster in Italy are also summarized.
Climate Change and Disaster Management
Climate change is anticipated to increase risks from natural hazards like flooding, hurricanes, and landslides. More extreme weather and rising sea levels will displace populations and damage infrastructure. Crop production and food supplies will also be impacted. To reduce risks, we must address underlying vulnerabilities and lack of preparation. Sustainable emergency management requires local involvement, updated plans, resources and building resilience through redundant systems and capacity development. Disaster risks are also linked to poverty, inequality and lack of good governance.
Risk Assessment and Reduction
The document discusses various topics related to risk assessment and reduction. It notes that disaster losses have been increasing significantly in recent decades. Some key points made include: hazard x vulnerability = risk; risk is determined by the probability of an event and its consequences; vulnerability depends on factors like exposure, resilience, and coping capacity; and perceptions of risk can differ from actual measured risks.
Assam flood
This document provides an overview of flooding in Assam, India in 2016-17. It discusses the types and causes of flooding in the region, including heavy rainfall and overflowing rivers. The background section explains that 45% of Assam's area is flood-prone due to its location between the Brahmaputra and Barak river basins. The impact of the 2016-17 floods affected over 1 million people, and damaged crops on over 200,000 hectares of land. The document also outlines the state's flood preparedness, response, and mitigation efforts.
Disaster management system in India
1) An earthquake in Gujarat in 2001 caused the deaths of over 1,000 schoolchildren when many school buildings collapsed, as they had been poorly constructed without earthquake resistance.
2) The Sendai Framework is an agreement to reduce disaster risk adopted in 2015, focusing on understanding risk, governance, investing in resilience, and disaster preparedness.
3) Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from both natural and man-made disasters to minimize human and economic losses and disruptions.
Socio economic impacts of natural disasters
Natural disasters have significant socio-economic impacts that vary depending on whether they occur in a less economically developed country (LEDC) or more economically developed country (MEDC). In LEDCs, disasters can have more severe consequences due to factors like lower GDP, weaker infrastructure, lack of resources, and unstable governments. This hinders recovery efforts. Major international aid organizations like the UN and Red Cross provide relief in disasters worldwide, but their assistance is also more crucial in LEDCs with limited response capacities. The wealth and development level of a nation therefore influences the scale of damage and recovery from natural hazards.
Community based disaster management
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
The role of land use planning in the disaster risk reduction
Mehdi NOJAVAN1, Alireza SADEGHIAN1, Mahsa MOHAJERAN2, Abdollah SOBANI3
1university of Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2university of Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Department of Hydraulic Engineering, K.N. University ofTechnology, Tehran, Iran
MULTI HAZARD AND DISASTER VULNERABILITY OF IN DIA
In relation to hazards and disasters, vulnerability is a concept that links the relationship that people have with their environment to social forces and institutions and the cultural values that sustain and contest them. It's also the extent to which changes could harm a system or to which a community can be affected by the impact of a hazard. A natural disaster is a consequence when a natural calamity affects humans and/or the built environment. Human vulnerability, and often a lack of appropriate emergency management, leads to financial, environmental, or human impact. The resulting loss depends on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster: their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability".
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The document discusses disaster management and defines disasters. It notes that disasters can be natural or man-made, and lists some common types of each. The key phases of disaster management are prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/reconstruction. Major disasters that have impacted India between 1980-2005 are also outlined, including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The principles of disaster management focus on minimizing casualties, preventing further harm, rescuing victims, providing first aid and evacuation, medical care, and reconstruction.
Unit I.pptx
This document provides an introduction to disaster management, including definitions and concepts. It begins by defining a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a society's ability to cope using its own resources. Disaster management is then defined as a planned approach for prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery related to disasters. The document outlines various types of natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, droughts, as well as man-made disasters. It also discusses causes of disasters such as lack of information, poverty, population growth, rapid urbanization, and environmental degradation. Differential impacts based on factors like gender, caste, class, age, location, and disability are noted.
Public Nutrition 3.8.21
The document discusses the various determinants of health, which it groups into four categories: physical factors, chemical factors, social factors, and individual characteristics and behaviors. It provides examples for each category of determinant. Physical factors include the natural and built environment. Chemical factors include exposures to contaminants and pollutants. Social factors include socioeconomic conditions, social support networks, and access to health services. Individual factors include biological and genetic makeup, gender, early childhood development, and personal behaviors. Understanding the range of determinants that influence health is important for public health and nursing.
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Disaster management basic concepts
This document provides an overview of basic concepts and frameworks related to disaster management in India. It defines key terms like disaster, hazard, risk, and vulnerability. It outlines the disaster management cycle of preparedness, relief, mitigation, rehabilitation and reconstruction. It also describes the types of disasters India faces, the vulnerability of different regions, and the institutional framework for disaster management at national, state and district levels as established by the Disaster Management Act of 2005.
Disaster Risk Reduction
The document discusses disaster risk reduction (DRR) and provides definitions, components, strategies, and challenges related to DRR. It defines DRR as aimed at preventing new and reducing existing disaster risk to strengthen resilience. The key components of DRR discussed are mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery. Challenges to addressing DRR include lack of political commitment, resource constraints, and ineffective disaster information systems. International frameworks like the Hyogo Framework and Sendai Framework provide guidance on DRR policy and priorities.
Floods causes & impacts
Flooding can be caused by both physical and human factors. Heavy rainfall, snowmelt, steep drainage basins, and coastal influences can increase flooding risk naturally. Human activities like urbanization, deforestation, and improper infrastructure development exacerbate flooding through reduced infiltration and faster runoff. Flooding can have severe social and economic impacts through property damage, transportation disruptions, and health issues, but may also provide benefits like fertile soils under some circumstances. Risk analysis aims to estimate the probability and potential impacts of flood events.
Management of disaster
The document defines disaster and discusses disaster management based on Indonesian law. It provides the following key points:
1. Disaster is defined as an incident that threatens or disrupts human lives and livelihoods caused by natural or man-made factors.
2. Disasters are classified as natural, man-made, or social. Natural disasters include tsunamis, volcanoes and floods. Man-made disasters include technological failures or modernization failures.
3. Disaster management consists of prevention, mitigation, preparedness, early warning, response, relief, recovery, rehabilitation and reconstruction aimed at reducing risks and impacts before, during and after disasters.
Disaster management By vivek bhatt
India is vulnerable to both natural and human-induced disasters. Natural disasters that commonly occur in India include floods, cyclones, earthquakes, landslides, and droughts. These disasters can be categorized as slow-onset like droughts or rapid-onset like earthquakes. They cause widespread damage and disruption. India has developed systems for disaster management but remains at risk given factors like its large population, urbanization, and effects of climate change. The economically weak face greater vulnerabilities during disasters. After disasters, rehabilitation and reconstruction aim to restore affected communities while encouraging necessary adjustments. Various agencies in India are responsible for managing different types of disasters.
IMPACT OF DISASTERS
Disasters can have significant negative impacts on human life, the economy, the environment, and society. The document discusses 8 key impact areas of disasters: (1) loss of human life, livelihoods, and property; (2) displacement of communities; (3) disruptions to education; (4) damage to local economies and opportunities for prosperity; (5) changes to ecology and the environment; (6) psychological trauma for survivors; (7) breakdown of social structures and support networks; and (8) risks to public health from infrastructure loss and poor sanitation. The severity of a disaster's effects are determined by the scale of its impacts across these different domains.
Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative - Susan Cutter
This document summarizes a presentation given by Susan L. Cutter on increasing national disaster resilience. It discusses how economic damages from weather disasters have been increasing in recent years. It also outlines trends like population growth and an aging infrastructure that are making the US more vulnerable to hazards. The presentation calls for the US to become more resilient by taking steps like adopting building codes and land use practices that reduce risk.
Disaster management
The document defines disasters as unexpected events that severely disrupt people's lives and communities. It discusses different types of natural and man-made disasters and defines disaster management as the coordinated process of planning for, responding to, and recovering from disasters through prevention, mitigation, capacity building, preparedness, response, assessment, and rehabilitation/reconstruction efforts. Additionally, it notes that many parts of India are vulnerable to disasters like earthquakes, droughts, floods, and cyclones and outlines the key phases of the disaster management cycle.
Disaster management cycle and framework
Prevention and Mitigation
Prevention
Mitigation
Early warning system
Preparedness
Capacity development
Disaster Management
Disaster is a serious, dangerous and intolerable phenomena on the planet earth. Thousands of people die in a moment. Many people may become homeless and parentless. Valuable properties get damaged within no time. Disasters are events shocking the whole world and making the humanity to feel very sad. All life support systems are affected by these incidences.
What is required to minimize the effects is the application of certain management practices. Disaster management is an essential component of our development works. Let us see the aspects of Disaster Management in this module.
Causes of flooding
This document discusses river basin management and flooding. It provides reasons for managing river basins, including for irrigation, water supply, navigation, tourism, hydroelectricity, and flood prevention. It then focuses on flooding, discussing both physical and human causes. It also discusses strategies for flood management, including hard engineering approaches like dams and levees, as well as softer approaches like land use regulation, warning systems, and insurance. Specific examples from the Tees Valley, Bangladesh, and Vaiont Dam disaster in Italy are also summarized.
Climate Change and Disaster Management
Climate change is anticipated to increase risks from natural hazards like flooding, hurricanes, and landslides. More extreme weather and rising sea levels will displace populations and damage infrastructure. Crop production and food supplies will also be impacted. To reduce risks, we must address underlying vulnerabilities and lack of preparation. Sustainable emergency management requires local involvement, updated plans, resources and building resilience through redundant systems and capacity development. Disaster risks are also linked to poverty, inequality and lack of good governance.
Risk Assessment and Reduction
The document discusses various topics related to risk assessment and reduction. It notes that disaster losses have been increasing significantly in recent decades. Some key points made include: hazard x vulnerability = risk; risk is determined by the probability of an event and its consequences; vulnerability depends on factors like exposure, resilience, and coping capacity; and perceptions of risk can differ from actual measured risks.
Assam flood
This document provides an overview of flooding in Assam, India in 2016-17. It discusses the types and causes of flooding in the region, including heavy rainfall and overflowing rivers. The background section explains that 45% of Assam's area is flood-prone due to its location between the Brahmaputra and Barak river basins. The impact of the 2016-17 floods affected over 1 million people, and damaged crops on over 200,000 hectares of land. The document also outlines the state's flood preparedness, response, and mitigation efforts.
Disaster management system in India
1) An earthquake in Gujarat in 2001 caused the deaths of over 1,000 schoolchildren when many school buildings collapsed, as they had been poorly constructed without earthquake resistance.
2) The Sendai Framework is an agreement to reduce disaster risk adopted in 2015, focusing on understanding risk, governance, investing in resilience, and disaster preparedness.
3) Disaster management involves preparing for, responding to, and recovering from both natural and man-made disasters to minimize human and economic losses and disruptions.
Socio economic impacts of natural disasters
Natural disasters have significant socio-economic impacts that vary depending on whether they occur in a less economically developed country (LEDC) or more economically developed country (MEDC). In LEDCs, disasters can have more severe consequences due to factors like lower GDP, weaker infrastructure, lack of resources, and unstable governments. This hinders recovery efforts. Major international aid organizations like the UN and Red Cross provide relief in disasters worldwide, but their assistance is also more crucial in LEDCs with limited response capacities. The wealth and development level of a nation therefore influences the scale of damage and recovery from natural hazards.
Community based disaster management
1) Community-based disaster management (CBDM) empowers local communities to manage risks and disasters through their participation in prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts.
2) Case studies of CBDM programs in several Asian countries found that key factors for success included meaningful community participation, capacity building, training, and integrating projects into long-term development plans.
3) Examples of CBDM programs discussed include rebuilding efforts after earthquakes in India and Afghanistan, retrofitting schools to make them earthquake resilient, and developing construction guidelines and training masons.
The role of land use planning in the disaster risk reduction
Mehdi NOJAVAN1, Alireza SADEGHIAN1, Mahsa MOHAJERAN2, Abdollah SOBANI3
1university of Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2university of Birjand, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Department of Hydraulic Engineering, K.N. University ofTechnology, Tehran, Iran
MULTI HAZARD AND DISASTER VULNERABILITY OF IN DIA
In relation to hazards and disasters, vulnerability is a concept that links the relationship that people have with their environment to social forces and institutions and the cultural values that sustain and contest them. It's also the extent to which changes could harm a system or to which a community can be affected by the impact of a hazard. A natural disaster is a consequence when a natural calamity affects humans and/or the built environment. Human vulnerability, and often a lack of appropriate emergency management, leads to financial, environmental, or human impact. The resulting loss depends on the capacity of the population to support or resist the disaster: their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation: "disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability".
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
The document discusses disaster management and defines disasters. It notes that disasters can be natural or man-made, and lists some common types of each. The key phases of disaster management are prevention, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation/reconstruction. Major disasters that have impacted India between 1980-2005 are also outlined, including floods, cyclones, earthquakes, and tsunamis. The principles of disaster management focus on minimizing casualties, preventing further harm, rescuing victims, providing first aid and evacuation, medical care, and reconstruction.
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This document provides an introduction to disaster management, including definitions and concepts. It begins by defining a disaster as a serious disruption that exceeds a society's ability to cope using its own resources. Disaster management is then defined as a planned approach for prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery related to disasters. The document outlines various types of natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, droughts, as well as man-made disasters. It also discusses causes of disasters such as lack of information, poverty, population growth, rapid urbanization, and environmental degradation. Differential impacts based on factors like gender, caste, class, age, location, and disability are noted.
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Environmental exposures
can have a significant impact on human health in various ways. Evaluating these effects requires considering the different types of environmental exposures and understanding their potential health risks. Here are some ways that environmental exposures can affect human health:
Air Pollution: Exposure to air pollutants such as particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide can lead to respiratory issues, cardiovascular problems, and increased risk of lung cancer. Prolonged exposure to poor air quality can exacerbate asthma and other respiratory conditions, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.
Water Contamination: Contaminated water sources can pose health risks through the presence of pathogens, chemical pollutants, heavy metals, and other contaminants. Ingesting or using contaminated water can lead to gastrointestinal illnesses, waterborne diseases, and long-term health problems such as kidney damage, neurological disorders, and cancer.
Chemical Exposures: Exposure to hazardous chemicals, both in the workplace and in everyday environments, can have detrimental effects on human health. Chemicals found in pesticides, industrial products, cleaning agents, and consumer goods can lead to acute and chronic health conditions, including respiratory issues, skin disorders, hormonal imbalances, reproductive problems, and cancer.
Food Safety: Contaminated or improperly handled food can result in foodborne illnesses caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and toxins. These illnesses can range from mild gastrointestinal symptoms to severe complications and can affect large populations during foodborne disease outbreaks. Additionally, long-term exposure to certain contaminants in food, such as heavy metals or pesticide residues, can lead to chronic health effects.
Climate Change: The changing climate has diverse impacts on human health. Heatwaves and extreme temperatures can result in heat-related illnesses, cardiovascular stress, and exacerbation of existing health conditions. Altered weather patterns can affect the distribution of disease-carrying vectors like mosquitoes, increasing the risk of vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and Zika virus. Climate-related events like hurricanes, floods, and wildfires can also have direct and indirect health consequences.
Noise Pollution: Prolonged exposure to excessive noise levels can lead to hearing loss, sleep disturbances, stress, and increased risk of cardiovascular disorders. Noise pollution from sources such as transportation, industrial activities, and urban environments can negatively impact both physical and mental well-being.
Radiation Exposure: Ionizing radiation from sources such as nuclear accidents, medical procedures, or occupational settings can have detrimental effects on human health, including an increased risk of cancer, genetic mutations, and other radi
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Natural and man-made disasters can have devastating effects on human lives and communities. They can result in deaths, destruction of infrastructure, population displacement, health risks, food scarcity, and emotional trauma. While natural disasters are caused by forces of nature like earthquakes, tsunamis and typhoons, man-made disasters are caused by human actions such as bomb explosions, pollution and industrial accidents. It is important for communities to prepare for disasters by checking for hazards, developing emergency plans, and educating themselves and others on disaster preparedness.
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Impacts of Drought on Human Health in a Global Pandemic
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Disaster management class 2
- 1. Disaster(part two) PRESENTED BY SARJU MAHARJAN BSN 4TH YEAR ACAS
- 2. Objectives Characteristics of Disaster Consequences of Disaster
- 3. Characteristics of Disaster Predictability Frequency Controllability Time Scope and Intensity
- 4. Consequences of Disaster 1. Health Impact 2. Psychological Impact 3. Social Impact 4. Environmental Impact 5. Economic Impact
- 5. Health Impact Direct Impact Loss of lives Debilitating injuries like spinal injuries, amputation of limb etc Indirect Impact Increased rate of Infections Complications of chronic disease Malnutrition secondary to Famine or Starvation
- 6. What kinds of communicable disease Spread? Water Related Communicable Disease Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) Vector Borne Diseases
- 7. Water Related Communicable Diseases Water resources get contaminated after disasters like Flooding Crowding and poor sanitation also contribute to faeco-oral transmission Examples:Hepatitis A , E Cholera , Dysentry , Typhoid etc
- 8. Acute Respiratory Infections Major Cause of illness especially for > 5 children Risk Factors are crowding , Poor Nutrition, etc Lack of Access to health services and to antimicrobial agents can complicate the situation further.
- 9. Vector Borne Diseases Includes Disease like Malaria , Dengue Floods, Cyclones , hurricanes etc affect vector breeding sites and disease transmission Initial flooding may wash out the breeding sites But stagnant water for large period of time creates new breeding site
- 10. Psychological Impact Normal Psychological Response ???? Morbid Psychological Effects on victims are Shock and distress Feeling of Insecurity Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD) Other conditions(extreme stress, eating and food issues, obsessive –compulsion ,Generalized anxiety)
- 11. Victims aren’t only who suffer when disaster hits
- 12. Psychological effects on first responders Responders who were at the scene( police officers , Fire fighters , Medias , Rescue Workers and health professionals) Haunted by people whom they were unable to save May feel guilt that someone’s life or home was destroyed and there wasn’t. PTSD, Acute Stress Disorder (ASD), Anxiety and Depression
- 13. Economic Impact • Loss of cash crops • Loss of buildings , infrastructures • Loss of tourism • Loss of cattles • Loss of important documents
- 14. Social Impact Breakdown of joint Family System Educational System Hampered No work or employment Helpless people , Widow, Old People are worst affected Rich and Poor Gap increases
- 15. Child Labour Increases Orphanage Rise of antisocial activities Shift to other states as Migrant Labours
- 16. Cultural Impact Lass of cultural heritage Obstruction in celebration Lifestyle changes Discontinuation in cultural activities
- 17. Environmental Impact Deforestation Loss of Flora and Fauna Water Pollution , Land Pollution Salinity of soil increases Soil erosion , Landslide Drought , Loss of land Resources
- 18. Thank You!!!