This document defines disasters and their key components. It defines a disaster as an occurrence, either natural or manmade, that causes human suffering and creates needs beyond a community's ability to fulfill without assistance. A hazard is defined as a natural phenomenon with potential to cause disruption, while a disaster is the consequence of a hazard meeting vulnerability. Vulnerability is the propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard and can be due to factors like fragile infrastructure, rapid urbanization, lack of preparedness, and limited access to resources. Disasters occur at the intersection of hazards and vulnerability. The document also outlines the phases of community reaction to disasters and categories disasters as natural or manmade.

1. DISASTER
(part one)
PRESENTED BY
SARJU MAHARJAN
BSN 4TH YEAR
ACAS

2. OBJECTIVES
 INTRODUCTION
 DEFINITION
 HAZARD
 VULNERABILITY
 PHASES OF DISASTER
 TYPES OF DISASTER

3. INTRODUCTION
 Disasters are as old as mankind
 Originated from Greek Words ‘dus’ meaning bad and ‘aster’ meaning star
 Evolved in Italian as disastro and in French as disaster.

4. Definition
Any occurrence that causes damage , ecological disruption, loss of human
life or deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to
warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area.
(WHO, 1995)

5. Definition
A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature or manmade
that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victim cannot
alleviate without assistance. ( American Red cross)

6. Question time ????
 An earthquake hit the uninhabitated land of Africa? What type of disaster is
this?
Relax , its just a hazard

7. What is hazard???
 Any phenomenon that has the potential to cause disruption or damage to
people and environment
 Hazard is an natural event while disaster is its consequence
 Hazards are inevitable but disasters can be prevented

8. Vulnerability
 The propensity of things to be damaged by a hazard

9. Conditions considered as vulnerability
 Fragile Physical Environment ( Dangerous Locations , Unprotected Buildings
and infrastructures)
 Rapid Urbanization
 Rapid Population Growth

10.  Lack of Preparedness
 Political system
 Fragile Economic system
 Limited Access to Resources

11. Disaster occurs when hazard meets
vulnerability

12. Community Reaction To Disaster
 Heroic Phase
 Honeymoon Phase
 Disillusionment Phase
 Reconstruction Phase

14. Types of Disaster
 Natural Disaster : Caused by Natural hazards/ events.
 Manmade Disaster : Caused by Manmade events/ hazards.

15. Natural
Meteorological
Topographical
Environmental
Manmade
Technological
Industrial
Warfare

22. What type of Disaster is Epidemic?
Natural Disaster