This presentation is about career planning,,all development theories, human development potential, role of counslor in school and non school setting....All data clooected by robert gibson book of introduction of counseling and guidance.

1. INTRODUCTION OF COUNSELING AND
GUIDANCE FROM GIBSON MICHELL BOOK
Chapt # 8:
Counseling for Career planning
and decision making

3. CAREER
The sum total of one’s work experience in a general
occupational category such as teaching , accounting,
medicine, or sales

4. OCCUPATION
A specific job or work activity

5. CAREER DEVELOPMENT
That aspect of one’s total development that
emphasizes learning about, preparation for, entry into,
and progression in the world of work

6. CAREER EDUCATION
The totality of experiences through which one learns
about and prepares for engaging in work as part of living
A primary responsibility of the school with an emphasis
on learning about, planning for, and preparing to enter a
career

7. CAREER GUIDANCE
 Activities that are carried out by counselors in a variety
of settings for the purpose of stimulating and facilitating
career development in persons over their working
lifetimes
 These activities include assistance in career planning,
decision making, and adjustment

8. CAREER COACHING
 Helping individuals set goals, identify procedures to
achieve the goals, and evaluate progress toward goal
achievement
 “Coaching” also advise and encourage the client to
“stay on track”

9. OCCUPATIONAL INFORMATION
 Data concerning training and related to educational
programs , career, career patterns, and
employment trends and opportunities

10. VOCATION
 A trade or occupation

11. VOCATIONAL EDUCATION
Education that is preparatory for a career in a
vocation or technical field

13. THEORY NO 1

16. THEORY NO 2

17. DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY
Career development is an aspect of a person’s total
development
Development is a process that takes place over an
individual’s life span
Theory focus on the developmental stages that are
related to age
Early researchers anaylized the career dicision making
in terms of three priods
1: Fantacy Choices ,2: Tantative Choices, 3: Realistic
Choices.

18. 1: DONALD.E.SUPER
 He presented a ‘’Lifespan developmental Theory’’
 Thats based on 14 propositions.
1. People differ in abilities...
2. people are qualified...
3. Occupational pattern...
4. Vocational preferences...
5. Series of life stages...
6. Nature of career pattern...
7. Coping the demands of environment...

19. Continued........
8:Career maturity...
9:Development through life stages...
10:Implementing occupational self concepts...
11:Compromise between individual and social
factors...
12:Dependancy of person,s satisfactions...
13:work satisfaction and self satisfaction…
14:Focus on personality organizations...

20. 2: HARVIGURST,S
DEVELOPMENTAL TASK THEORY
Havighurst divided the human life
span into six periods
 he broke down development into
important tasks that must b
accomplished at each age level

22. 3 : E.H.ERICKSON,S
PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY
As people grow they face a series
of psychological crises that shape
personality
Each crises focuses on a particulr
aspect of personality and each
involves the person,s relationhip
with other people

24. THEORY NO 3
PERSONALITY THEORIES

27. 4: ANNE ROE'S CAREER
DEVELOPMENT THEORY
Its based on Maslow,s Theory of Basic Needs.

28.  Roe,s research into accupational catagories led her to
develop 8 occupational groups,further subdivided into 6
classification levels:

29.  Roe,s Classification Levels :
1. Professional and
managerial(independant)
2. Professional and managerial (less
indipendant)
3. Semi-professioanl and small buisness
4. Skilled
5. Semi-skilled
6. unskilled

32.  SLT stands for Social Learning Theory
 KRUMBOLZ and C. Nichol 1990
 Banduras 1997 behavior theory to career
decision making
 1996 Mitchell and Krumboltz added ideas
and refer SLT as learning theory of career
LTCC
 Suggest 4 categories of factor are influential
in the career development and decision
making
THEORY NO 5
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

33. Genetic endowment and special
abilities
Environmental condition and events
Learning experience
Task approach skill
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

34.  Describe by Hansen in 2005 presents a
framework for integrative life planning (ILP)
 This theory of integrated life planning is model
which
1. Relates societal context to the individual to
families to education and to work
2. Is a life long process of identifying primary
needs, roles and goals and integrating
them with in self work family and
community
THEORY NO 6
HOLISTIC THEORY FOR CAREER COUNSELING WITH
ADULTS

35. 3. Is interactive and relationship oriented
and designed to help individuals achieves
greater satisfaction meaning wholeness
and a sense of community
4. Is a means to help shape the direction of
once life in power other, manage change
and contribute to the large society and
common goods
HOLISTIC THEORY FOR CAREER COUNSELING
WITH ADULTS

36. 1. Finding work that need doing in
changing global context
2. Waving our lives into a meaningful
whole
3. Connecting family and work
SIX CRITICAL THEMES

37. 4. Valuing pluralism and inclusivity
5. Managing personal transitions
6. Exploring spirituality and life purpose
CRITICAL THEMES

38. Sociological View of careers
Newspaper and television reports
Example of a person
THEORY NO 7
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY

39. Is it possible to evaluate all
decisive factor in the
choice?
QUESTION

40. 1980 Indian published press published
a president Hellman B Well book
entitled being luck
2003 publication Richard Wiseman
identifies four principal of luck
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY

41. 1. Maximize your chance opportunity
2. Listen to your luck hunches
3. Expect good fortune
4. Turn your bad luck into good
SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY

42. Economic theory describe the
importance of economic factor in
career choice
1. Job according to qualification
2. Job security
3. Reward
THEORY NO 8
ECONOMIC THEORY

43. IMPLICATION OF CAREER COUNSELING AND
THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN POTENTIAL

44. CAREER COUNSELING
Career
Choice
Theorie
s
Chances
Happens
Interest
and
abilities
Personalit
y traits
Human
developme
nt and
maturity
Economic
Factors
Individual
Values

45. FACTORS INVOLVES IN CHOOSING CAREER

46. IMPLICATIONS OF CAREER THEORY FOR
COUNSELORS
 Career development is a process leading to a
decision
 Counselors should understand:
Particular tasks at certain developmental
stages
Interpret and assess individual interest
Basic human needs and special needs
Recognize the rapid change in the ways
people work and live
Update the theories and research

47. CAN YOU GUESS??

48. DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN POTENTIAL

49. CAREER COUNSELING OF HUMAN
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT (CCHD)
CCHD focus on encouraging clients to
challenge the limitations of their present
self concept in a manner of speaking, to
redefine themselves and stimulate their
vitality
Development occurs across the life span
of the individual
Awareness of maturing process related to
mastery of development task at each life
stage

50. CCHD
 Individual aptitudes and interest should be
enhanced by strategies and experienced
 Environment influences the development
 Programs designed to inhibit negative factors that
prevent full development

51. PHASES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM
 Who plays significant
role?
 Postsecondary Educational
institutions
 Adult Educational Program
 Career centers
 Private practitioners
 Employment Offices
Assessment
Plannin
g
Placeme
nt

52. WOMEN
 Traditional Women’s Careers????
 Today women’s careers????
 Women in Pakistan = 48.63% (2014) World Bank
 Women in Labor Work= 21.7% ( 2009)
 2005 to 2008 approx. 75, 000 divorce cases
 2008 to 2011 approx. 1, 24141 divorce cases were
registered in Pakistan
 85 percent of love marriages end up in separations

53. SINGLE PARENT LIFE 

54. SELFISH TREND

55. WOMEN POTENTIAL SHOULD BE ENHANCED
 Prejudice in salaries and opportunities
 60% of women headed families live in poverty
 Career Counselors must help female clients to
identify alternatives of traditional jobs as well as
create balance to be a mother and a worker
 Recognize educational opportunity, job search skills
and Positive self concept

56. MINORITIES IN PAKISTAN
 U.S. State Department's International Religious
Freedom Report 2002 estimated
 Christians at 2.09 million
 Ahmadis at 286,000
 Hindus at 1.03 million
 Parsis , Buddhists, and Sikhs at 20,000 each

57. OUR SOCIETY FUTURE WILL NOT BE HEALTHY IF
TOMORROW’S MINORITY ADULTS ARE SERIOUSLY
DISADVANTAGED AND NEGLECTED

58. MINORITIES
 Counselors should assist minorities in achieving
career equity and opportunities
 Do not be used Biased assessment instruments
 Should be advocated for employment of them
based on personal qualification, not on ethnic
culture background

59. POOR
 According to 27 March,
2014 Report
 Poverty in Pakistan – 40 %
people living below poverty
line
 52 % of total population in
Baluchistan
 33 % of Sindh
 KPK having 32 %
 19 % of Punjab

60. POOR

61. COUNSELING OF POOR
 Homeless Assistance Act (1987) designed to aid
schools and reconnect child with school
 School in poverty areas must have good
counseling programs and adult education program
 Encouraged to apply only for jobs for which they
are qualified
 Involvement of local business

62. PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
 A person who has a physical and mental
impairment that substantially limits one or more
major life activities
 According to Harrington (1997), students with
disabilities frequently leave school without
marketable skills or the ability to function
independently

63. COUNSELING OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
 Understanding of various disabilities and their
career implications
 Knowledgeable regarding appropriate resources
 Sensitive, supportive and at the same time
Realistic
 Facilitate family support with efforts of other people
 Encourage them handicap to employment

64. INADEQUATE CAREER COUNSELING
IN PAKISTAN
 In Pakistan, 60 % of the schools are public schools and
unfortunately none of them are even aware of the term
‘career counseling’
(M. Murtaza Noor, Director
Community Support Program
Pakistan) 2013
 710 schools (Islamabad) and 2,100 private schools
(Rawalpindi) do not offer career counseling
Malik Abrar, President All Private
Schools and College Owners’
Association (APSCOA)

65. CAREER PLANNING AND
DESIGNING IN SCHOOL

66. PERSON’S DEVELOPMENT STIMULATED BY
GREAT EXPERIENCES OF HIS/HER LIFE
 Learning
 Living with others
 working

67. ROLE OF COUNSELING PROGRAM IN SCHOOL
SETTING
 Facilitate and enhance the school contribution
towards
Learning
Growth and development
Prepare youth for work

68. PRINCIPLES FOR CAREER DEVELOPMENT
 To develop unbiased base
 Career as a way of life and an education as a preparation
for life
 To develop understanding in social-personal
development & career education planning
 To develop understanding between education & career

69. CONTD:
 Develop opportunities to test concepts , skills & values that
have future career application
 School career counseling and guidance program is centered
in classroom
 Prepare students to cope with dramatic changes in the world
of work
 To develop maturity necessary for making effective career
decisions

70. THE SCHOOL COUNSELOR’S ROLE IN
STUDENT CAREER DEVELOPMENT
 Career counseling
 Career Assessment
 Resource person and Consultant
 Linkage Agent

71. CAREER COUNSELING
 Parental counseling
 Group counseling
 Group guidance

72. CAREER ASSESSMENT
 Standardized Assessment
 Non standardized Assessment

73. RESOURCE PERSON AND CONSULTANT
 Active in acquiring materials appropriate to career
planning and decision
 Counselor aware of computerized information program
 Aware sources from which such materials obtained
 Opportunities to complement career education program

74. LINKAGE AGENT
 Counselors active in collaborative
efforts(community agencies & employers)
 School-to-work Opportunities Act of 1994
 Emphasis on helping the students make transition
from school to work like job shadowing, work-based
learning

75. TECHNIQUES FOR PLANNING AND DECISION
MAKING
 Self-Awareness
 Educational Awareness
 Career Awareness
 Career Exploration
 Planning and Decision making
 Placement and Follow-up
 Educational placement
 Environmental Placement
 Follow-up

76. Career Counselling In Non
School Setting

77. CAREER COUNSELLING IN NON
SCHOOL SETTING
The initial out of school career counselling is
made through the assistance of the state
employment services

78. CAREER GUIDANCE ACTIVITIES ARE BASED ON
 Review and discussion of applicant’s qualification
 Applicant’s interest in relation to available
employment opportunities
 General Aptitude Test Battery, may be used to
further assist the client and counseller in career
planning

79. GENERALAPTITUDE TEST BATTERY;
 known as the GATB
 It is a professional career aptitude test which
measures nine different aptitudes and can be used
to help assess the likelihood that you will be
successful in specific careers or training programs.
For example
 General learning abilities
 Verbal aptitude
 Numerical aptitude
 Motor coordination

80. COUNSELING GOALS
Herr and Cramer (1996), outlined following
counseling goals for career counselors;
 Provide support in building and maintaining
positive attitudes toward one’s worth and
dignity
 Provide any and all geographic information

81. COUNSELING GOALS
 Explore possible retaining and other avenues
for improving employment opportunities
 Assess the actual reasons for employment
difficulties
 Assist in developing job-seeking behaviors

82. ACCORDING TO THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES AND
EMPLOYERS (NACEWEB, 2006), EMPLOYERS SEEK FOLLOWING TOP
10 PERSONAL QUALITIES/SKILLS
 Communication skills
 Honesty/integrity
 Teamwork skills
 Strong work ethics
 Analytical skills
 Flexibility
 Interpersonal skills
 Motivation
 Computer skills
 Detail oriented

83. COMPUTERIZED CAREER ASSISTANCE SYSTEM
Computers are used widely in counseling
programs in educational setting for providing
career information and assistance
 Information System
 Guidance System