Correlation refers to statistical relationships between two random variables. The correlation coefficient r ranges from -1 to 1, indicating the direction and strength of the relationship. Karl Pearson and Spearman methods can be used to calculate r. While correlation indicates an association, it does not imply causation. Correlation is used in business, government, education, medicine, and agriculture to study relationships and make predictions.
Explaining correlation, assumptions,coefficients of correlation, coefficient of determination, variate, partial correlation, assumption, order and hypothesis of partial correlation with example, checking significance and graphical representation of partial correlation.
Multiple Correlation Coefficient denoting a correlation of one variable with multiple other variables. The Multiple Correlation Coefficient, R, is a measure of the strength of the association between the independent (explanatory) variables and the one dependent (prediction) variable. This presentation explains the concept of multiple correlation and its computation process.
Multiple regression analysis is a powerful technique used for predicting the unknown value of a variable from the known value of two or more variables.
Explaining correlation, assumptions,coefficients of correlation, coefficient of determination, variate, partial correlation, assumption, order and hypothesis of partial correlation with example, checking significance and graphical representation of partial correlation.
Multiple Correlation Coefficient denoting a correlation of one variable with multiple other variables. The Multiple Correlation Coefficient, R, is a measure of the strength of the association between the independent (explanatory) variables and the one dependent (prediction) variable. This presentation explains the concept of multiple correlation and its computation process.
Multiple regression analysis is a powerful technique used for predicting the unknown value of a variable from the known value of two or more variables.
this ppt gives you adequate information about Karl Pearsonscoefficient correlation and its calculation. its the widely used to calculate a relationship between two variables. The correlation shows a specific value of the degree of a linear relationship between the X and Y variables. it is also called as The Karl Pearson‘s product-moment correlation coefficient. the value of r is alwys lies between -1 to +1. + 0.1 shows Lower degree of +ve correlation, +0.8 shows Higher degree of +ve correlation.-0.1 shows Lower degree of -ve correlation. -0.8 shows Higher degree of -ve correlation.
The phi coefficient is that system of correlation which is computed between two variables, where neither of them is available in a continuous measures and both of them are expressed in the form of natural or genuine dichotomies. This presentation slides describes the concept and procedures to do the computation of phi coefficient of correlation.
Brief description of the concepts related to correlation analysis. Problem Sums related to Karl Pearson's Correlation, Spearman's Rank Correlation, Coefficient of Concurrent Deviation, Correlation of a grouped data.
A detailed description of what if analysis, Text To Column and Data Validation Options of Data Tab. I also linked excel file with this presentation but it doesn't support excel file,so excel file can't be uploaded.
this ppt gives you adequate information about Karl Pearsonscoefficient correlation and its calculation. its the widely used to calculate a relationship between two variables. The correlation shows a specific value of the degree of a linear relationship between the X and Y variables. it is also called as The Karl Pearson‘s product-moment correlation coefficient. the value of r is alwys lies between -1 to +1. + 0.1 shows Lower degree of +ve correlation, +0.8 shows Higher degree of +ve correlation.-0.1 shows Lower degree of -ve correlation. -0.8 shows Higher degree of -ve correlation.
The phi coefficient is that system of correlation which is computed between two variables, where neither of them is available in a continuous measures and both of them are expressed in the form of natural or genuine dichotomies. This presentation slides describes the concept and procedures to do the computation of phi coefficient of correlation.
Brief description of the concepts related to correlation analysis. Problem Sums related to Karl Pearson's Correlation, Spearman's Rank Correlation, Coefficient of Concurrent Deviation, Correlation of a grouped data.
A detailed description of what if analysis, Text To Column and Data Validation Options of Data Tab. I also linked excel file with this presentation but it doesn't support excel file,so excel file can't be uploaded.
Hypothesis is usually considered as the principal instrument in research and quality control. Its main function is to suggest new experiments and observations. In fact, many experiments are carried out with the deliberate object of testing hypothesis. Decision makers often face situations wherein they are interested in testing hypothesis on the basis of available information and then take decisions on the basis of such testing. In Six –Sigma methodology, hypothesis testing is a tool of substance and used in analysis phase of the six sigma project so that improvement can be done in right direction
created by
Name Roll Batch
Md. Topu Kawser 28 58thB
Azizul Haque Bhuiyan 07 58thB
Md Maidul Islam Chowdhury 06 58thB
Kaptusha akter monisha 26 59thB
Ramnunsang bawm 37 58thB
students of (BBA)
Dhaka International University
Unit-I, BP801T. BIOSTATISITCS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (Theory)
Correlation: Definition, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, Multiple correlations -
Pharmaceuticals examples.
Correlation: is there a relationship between 2
variables.
According to Google's research about the NextBillionUsers, every day one million new users come online for the first time in their lives, primarily through mobile phones.
Assistive technology, or what you'd typically have seen as "Accessibility" settings, at present, focuses on making technology more accessible for the differently abled. While a great place to start, the need gap is wider.
These new users want to do a lot but they have to battle multiple fears. The fear of posting something wrong unknowingly, of making a transaction by mistake, of losing face amidst their peers, just to name a few. Here are some ideas on how different stakeholders can help make digital adoption journeys smoother!
Understanding the Major Happenings in the Oil Market. A slippery path!Aakriti Agarwal
Looks at the factors that affect the demand and supply of Oil globally; understands the functioning of OPEC, and the different oil benchmarks: crude, opec basket, west texas and dubai. Understands the reasons of the major happenings such as 1973 supply shock, 1979 energy crisis, 1980s oil glut, 1990s energy crisis and the current falling price of oil.
A project that analyses the IMC strategies of Zoomcar and its competitors while considering various touchpoints, both offline and online to provide suggestions on how Zoomcar can improve its brand perception and marketing efforts.
Market Research Proposal - Capturing the Rural Market for Personal and Househ...Aakriti Agarwal
A case study on a hypothetical brand that is trying to increase its market share in the rural segment in India, facing two problems- identifying its priority markets, and deciding on its distribution networks. This case presents a proposal on how to go about the same and suggests some methods which will be looked into while conducting research.
This presentation looks into the different types of QR codes, some successful and failed campaigns that used them and tries to find best pracrtices when using them for Marketing, as well as their future possibilities.
Devised an actionable Social Media Strategy for Tata Docomo by studying the best social media practices followed by Telecom and youth-centric brands internationally.
Created a comprehensive checklist for Tata Docomo to strengthen its Brand Connect, Social Engagement, Content Crowsourcing and revolutionise its Self-Service using Social Media.
Looked at the theoretical aspects of Work Life Balance and studied the concerned PSU's HR practices. A detailed survey of 100-150 employees was undertaken to understand the organisation's WLB and suggestions were made on improving the balance
Covers legal aspects of Patenting in India.Explains the difference between Patent, Trademark and Copyright. Differentiates between patentable and non patentable inventions and explains the process of obtaining a patent, with case studies and examples.
Stress Caused by Social Networking in Organisations Aakriti Agarwal
A project on understanding the problems created by social networking for the different sections of the work force based on their age, seniority with case studies and a detailed survey, and suggesting HR practises to overcome these hurdles.
Import Substitution in India: Issues, Challenges and PromotionAakriti Agarwal
Explains the concept of Import Substitution, looks into the top imports of India, namely- Oil, Gold, Electronics and Machinery and tries to suggest methods of import substitution for the same.
The Role of Social Media in Employer Branding and Recruitment in Modern Organ...Aakriti Agarwal
This project includes understanding the concept of employer branding and it's need in today's organisations. It stresses on why social media recruitment is a preferred approach to recruiting nowadays and how mainitaing an organisation's brand image is more than just the Marketing department's onus
Quantitative Study of Comparison between Indian GAAP and IFRS - Corporate Fin...Aakriti Agarwal
Based on the thesis "Cash Flow Ratios to Predict Soundness of Business Investment" we've tried to see how the performance of a company might seem different financially just because of difference in accounting standards. This is also an attempt to unmask the true picture of a company's financial health from its operations alone.
Stress Caused by Social Networking in Organisations Aakriti Agarwal
A project on understanding the problems created by social networking for the different sections of the work force based on their age, seniority with case studies and a detailed survey, and suggesting HR practises to overcome these hurdles.
A detailed project on how the corporate sector is employing the three major social networking giants- Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, replete with infographics, statistical survey data, trends in social networking, power of visual marketing accompanied with examples for the same, tools for statistical analysis on facebook, LinkedIn's importance in the corporate circle and a conrete conclusion.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. Correlation
•
•
•
Correlation refers to statistical relationships
involving two random variables or sets of
data
The correlation coefficient is denoted by ‘r’
and ranges from -1 to +1
Tells the Direction and Measure of the
Relationship between two variables
3. Coefficient of Correlation
The coefficient of correlation can be:
perfectly negative
r=-1
strong negative
-1<r<0 and r closer to 1
weak negative
-1<r<0 and r closer to 0
independent
r=0
strong positive
0<r<1 and r closer to 1
weak positive
0<r<0 and r closer to 0
perfect positive
r=1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
14. Business
• Marketing Expenditure and Sales Volume
correlation (to measure the efficiency of
marketing department)
• Correlation between prices of two securities
in the stock market.
• Price of a commodity to supply(or demand)
correlation.
15. Government
• Year on Year Revenue and Expenditure
Correlation (to forecast revenue based on
expenditure)
• Tool in formulating various Economic Policies
by correlating past trends.
• Yardstick to measure performance
(Correlation between Planned and Actual
Revenue)
16. Education Models
• Forecasting of student input flows towards
elementary education (Correlation between
birth rate data and enrollment in
elementary grades)
• Forecasting of dropped out student flows at
different levels of education (intermediate,
graduate, post graduate)
17. Medicine
• Finding out after effects of interactions
between different medicines.
• Estimating the best treatment where
various methods are applicable
(Correlation between individual
treatments’ results and severity of
disease.
18. Agriculture
• Correlation between certain weather
conditions and Productivity.
• Correlation between irrigating and
Productivity.
• Correlation between price and production
or price and demand, to study demand
supply pattern of crops in different seasons.
19. Conclusion
• Correlation is one of the many effective
ways of forecasting and predicting
possible outcomes based on past
observations.
• Though other statistical methods too
need to be implemented to get a
complete picture of the situation.