Corona virus what went wrong
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This document discusses the failures in addressing past epidemics like SARS and MERS that contributed to the spread of COVID-19. It argues that governments and industries prioritized other areas like cancer research and extending lifespan over researching epidemic diseases. This left few experienced researchers behind to confront new diseases rapidly. It also criticizes overpopulation, urbanization, and a reliance on experienced employees rather than training new graduates. The document warns that if we do not learn from past mistakes and find cures for animal-borne diseases, future pandemics may be even more severe.
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CoronaVirus (short Version)
The document discusses coronaviruses, including their origins and characteristics. It provides background on coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Key points include:
- Coronaviruses are large, enveloped RNA viruses that infect a wide range of animals and cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases.
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Norovirus is a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis and is the most common cause of foodborne illness outbreaks. It can be transmitted through fecal-oral route or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. While there is no vaccine or treatment, prevention focuses on proper handwashing and sanitizing surfaces that may be contaminated. Norovirus causes approximately 21 million illnesses in the United States each year.
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Corona viruses can go from a typical virus to increasingly genuine diseases, as extreme intense respiratory disorder (SARS). Side effects can be gentle, with only a runny nose or hack, however can likewise turn out to be considerably more genuine, including fever and even pneumonia. At times, a coronavirus can be lethal, particularly in frailer individuals or those with prior ailments, for example, coronary illness or diabetes, takes note of the World Health Organization (WHO).
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PinterestAlthough having two glasses of wine may seem innocuous, experts say some leading brands contain more sugar than recommended. Peter Meade/Getty Images
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Emergency management 11
Emergency Management
Abstract:
In the month of December, 2019 there was outbreak of pneumonia with unknown reason in Wuhan, China. Wuhan is the center of attention because of the respiratory disorder cause by a virus called Corona and also known as Novel COVID – 19. Validate the existence of this virus was also diagnosed in Wuhan. Then it start spreading all over the world due to the social gatherings. It ultimately take thousands of people towards death. Then after its huge destruction a final step of lockdown is taken up by the government of each country. The animal-to-human transmission was presumed as the main mechanism. It was concluded that the virus could also be transmitted from human-to-human, and symptomatic people are the most frequent source of COVID-19 spread. The virus-host interaction and the evolution of the epidemic, with specific reference to the times when the epidemic will reach its peak.
Introduction:
There is scanty knowledge on the actual pandemic potential of this new SARS-like virus. It might be speculated that SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is grossly underdiagnosed and that the infection is silently spreading across the globe. There are no comparable analogies to corona virus. This virus is not like any of the other epidemiological threats that have emerged in recent decades; it is less fatal but much more contagious.
Distribution of cases by the following:
· Time: The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported on December 31, 2019.
· Place: the epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in a remote region of China, far from Wuhan, we analyzed the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Gansu Province
Explanation of the research topic (corona virus):
As the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly expanding in China and beyond, with the potential to become a world-wide pandemic, real-time analyses of epidemiological data are needed to increase situational awareness and inform interventions. The current most likely hypothesis is that an intermediary host animal has played a role in the transmission. Identifying the animal source of the 2019-nCoV would help to ensure that there will be no further future similar outbreaks with the same virus and will also help understanding the initial spread of the disease.
Numerator (cases of corona virus):
Deaths divided the total of deaths plus recoveries. In early days because of the exponential increase new cases significantly outpace recoveries. You’re dividing by new cases but the numerator hasn’t had a chance to catch up to the death toll yet to be associated with those cases. If you look at COVID 19 on Feb 17, you get the 2% number only if dividing by total cases. If you look vs recovered cases, it’s 13%.
The WHO’s fatality percentage, announced March 17, 2020, is based simply on the number of deaths g.
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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. It was first reported in Wuhan City, China in December 2019. The virus is thought to have originated from an animal source and jumped to humans in late 2019. COVID-19 spreads mainly through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. Most people experience only mild to moderate symptoms, but the elderly and those with pre-existing conditions are more likely to have severe illness. Proper hand hygiene and social distancing are recommended to prevent transmission of the virus.
Epidemiology of Covid-19
1) The letter discusses the possibility that the Covid-19 virus originated from zoonotic spillover in Southeast Asia rather than Wuhan, China based on cases detected in pangolins in that region.
2) Surveillance of coronaviruses in pangolins is needed to address the possibility of novel coronavirus spillover from animals to humans in Southeast Asia.
3) The authors respond that genomic sequencing, observational studies, and modeling are needed to distinguish repeated zoonotic spillover events from human-to-human transmission.
Origin of hiv
The document discusses the origin of HIV and AIDS. It explains that HIV is closely related to viruses found in chimpanzees (HIV-1) and sooty mangabeys (HIV-2) in West Africa. The leading theory is that the viruses crossed into humans in the early 20th century when humans hunted and butchered chimpanzees and monkeys for meat. The earliest known case of HIV in a human was identified in 1959 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. By the 1980s, HIV had spread globally and was recognized as the cause of AIDS.
Covid 19 Guideline Book
The document provides information on COVID-19 and ways to protect against it. It discusses what coronaviruses are, details of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, how the disease spreads via respiratory droplets, those most at risk like the elderly and those with pre-existing conditions, common symptoms like fever and cough, and the importance of practices like hand washing, social distancing, and masks to prevent transmission. It aims to fight misinformation by providing an authentic resource on understanding the pandemic and staying safe.
Please help will thumbs up In the winter of 2019 in Wuhan.pdf
Please help! will thumbs up! In the winter of 2019, in Wuhan, China, a silent killer emerged that
ravaged many of the smaller villages and towns just outside of Wuhan. This wasnt unlike many
silent killers that have attacked China; after all, not even 20 years ago, the country (and the world)
was forced to deal with a nemesis known as SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)which
arose in the Yunnan Province of China. This enemy, however, was different.
Unlike SARS, which did not discriminate among who it affected, this new virus appeared to most
highly affect the elderly and immunocompromised. Inoculation time varied among the different
residents of the Wuhan province, but there appeared to be one common thread among all of the
sufferers of this virus: the end result would be a need for mechanical ventilation and acute care
and, often, drastic life-saving interventions. The death toll in China rose to the thousands within an
extremely short span of time. Epidemiologists in Wuhan were both astounded and stricken with
fear at how rapidly the virus replicated and spread among hosts as well.
As with most rapidly spreading viruses, unfortunately, what began as a virus which ravaged one
village in China eventually became one of the most prevalent pandemics the world has ever seen.
This virus, initially termed the Wuhan virus, was eventually identified as a coronavirus with similar
viral features to two pandemic viruses: The MERS (Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome) virus
and SARS, the very same virus which was rampant in China less than 20 years ago. The virus has
since been termed the SARS-CoV-2 virus (Coronavirus).
You are currently an epidemiologist working for the WHO. You, along with a group of 20
colleagues, are formulating a plan to contain this pandemic and potentially devise a vaccine/cure
for it. Using at least three medically/scientifically accredited sources, answer the following:
When treating any infection, it is important to know your enemy. What are some intrinsic/specific
features of the SARS-CoV-2 virus which renders it unique when compared to other pandemic
viruses?
From an epidemiologic perspective, how would you explain the reasons as to why the virus has
been able to disseminate among the nations?
What are the standards of care/management options for SARS-CoV-2 virus?
How do we determine who requires testing for this virus? What are some exclusion criteria for
testing for SARS-CoV-2? What would be the potential harms in testing a large enclave of the
population for SARS-CoV-2 (would this change your management of the virus)?
There have been 2 potential interventions which have been suggested for the treatment of SARS-
CoV-2 based on in vitro testing: Azithromycin and Hydroxychloroquine (an anti-malarial
medication). What is the evidence that either one of these is sufficient for the treatment of SARS-
CoV-2? KEEP IN MIND THE FOLLOWING: In order to introduce a treatment for a particular
disease/infection, the BENEFITS MUST OU.
Covid 19 is now a pandemic
After months of deliberation, the World Health Organization has
declared COVID-19 a pandemic. As it seemed clear for quite some time, the virus will likely spread to most (if not all) countries on the globe. However, actions can still limit its impact.
The following essay, found on health.com, was last updated on .docx
The following essay, found on health.com, was last updated on 24 March, 2020. It includes the following
note: The information in this story is accurate as of press time. However, as the situation surrounding
COVID-19 continues to evolve, it's possible that some data have changed since publication. While Health
is trying to keep our stories as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on
news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public
health department as resources.
How Is Coronavirus Spread? Here's What You Should (and Shouldn't)
Worry About
by Jessica Migala
With more than 46,000 confirmed cases of coronavirus in the United States (and more
than 392,000 cases worldwide), it's clear that the novel coronavirus (aka COVID-19), along with
the anxiety surrounding it, isn't going anywhere soon.
Because the virus is so new (it's technically called SARS-CoV-2, FYI), lots of the fear
surrounding COVID-19 stems from how little we know about it. Luckily, experts do know some
pretty important things about the virus' transmission, or how the coronavirus does—and
doesn't—spread.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, COVID-19 is mainly
spread from person-to-person, usually via close contact (within six feet). It can spread through
physical contact like handshaking if someone's hands are contaminated with the virus. And it can
also spread through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes
(again, that's why the six-feet rule is handy: those droplets can travel that far, and land on another
person's mouth or nose, and can even be inhaled).
The virus may also spread from person-to-person through surfaces that have been
touched by those infected. "A sneezing or coughing person will cover their mouth, get it all over
their hand, and then touch something that you then touch," Robert Murphy, MD, an infectious
disease expert at Northwestern University, tells health.com. “The virus can then gain entry into
your body when you touch your own face,” he adds. That’s precisely why experts can only
preach basic disease-prevention measures, like washing hands correctly (20 seconds with soap
and water) and regularly, wiping down common surfaces, and staying away from sick people.
Lastly, another possible way coronavirus can spread between people is via fecal
transmission. According to recent research from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and
Prevention (CCDC), those with confirmed cases of the novel coronavirus (aka, COVID-19) have
live virus in stool specimens, meaning there's a possible fecal-oral route for the virus, as well.
Unfortunately, the only way to truly know if someone has COVID-19 is to test them;
that's because the symptoms of the illness look extremely similar to that of the common cold or
flu: cough, fever, and body aches. It's also important to know that.
Coronavirus Pandemic
The document summarizes information about COVID-19 (coronavirus). It begins by defining COVID-19 and describing its origins and transmission. It then discusses the global spread of the virus over time. The document outlines the virus's structure, replication cycle, and symptoms. It provides details on prevention, treatment, and experimental drug options. It concludes by discussing factors that increase risk of infection. The summary covers the key topics, causes, and timeline of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Evolution Of AIDS And Its VIRUS(17/03).pdf
HIV originated from chimpanzees in Central Africa, likely jumping to humans in the late 1800s when humans hunted chimpanzees for meat. It slowly spread across Africa and later worldwide. The earliest known case was detected in 1959 in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo. By the 1980s, AIDS was recognized as a global epidemic affecting millions of people. There is no cure for HIV/AIDS, but treatment can control the virus.
Learn from the Thai covid handling_251220
1) Thailand responded to COVID-19 through its existing village health volunteer (VHV) network, which helped achieve timely detection and isolation of cases, interrupting transmission.
2) An epidemiological study found protective behaviors like social distancing, hand washing, and mask wearing reduced infection risk among contacts by 84%, comparable to vaccines.
3) In southern Thailand, the VHV network convinced returnees from Muslim religious ceremonies abroad to get tested, identifying six positive cases and admitting them without incident.
Coronavirus: All you need to know about symptoms and risks
Here is what you need to know: What is a coronavirus? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), coronaviruses are a family of viruses ...
Facts and Opinions about Covid-19 on how it spread and how to avoid it
Name : Louis Aditya
Nim : 20190700019
UAS / Final Exam
English II
Faculty Of Science and Technology
Buddhi Dharma University
Similar to Corona virus what went wrong (20)
Some quick facts and numbers on Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Some quick facts and numbers on Coronavirus (COVID-19)
The misunderstood epidemiological determinants of covid 19, problems and solu...
The misunderstood epidemiological determinants of covid 19, problems and solu...
Please help will thumbs up In the winter of 2019 in Wuhan.pdf
Please help will thumbs up In the winter of 2019 in Wuhan.pdf
The following essay, found on health.com, was last updated on .docx
The following essay, found on health.com, was last updated on .docx
Coronavirus: All you need to know about symptoms and risks
Coronavirus: All you need to know about symptoms and risks
Facts and Opinions about Covid-19 on how it spread and how to avoid it
Facts and Opinions about Covid-19 on how it spread and how to avoid it
More from Rania S Seoudi
Moles and Concentration Calculations Course
This course covers the fundamentals of chemistry including atomic and molecular masses, calculating relative atomic mass using a mass spectrometer, formula mass and relative molecular mass, amount of substances, Avogadro's constant, chemical formulas and equations, empirical and molecular formulas, balancing chemical equations, mole calculations, stoichiometry, solutions and concentrations, titration experiments, gas volume calculations, and exercises to practice these concepts. The goal is to learn essential chemistry topics through this comprehensive high school or introductory college chemistry course.
Writing in Science and Research
This 4-section course aims to help undergraduate and graduate science students at any stage of their research to write effectively. The course covers starting a research project, collecting and writing up data, using writing tools to report results, and editing drafts.
Principles of Polymer Chemistry
This document discusses different types of polymers including natural, synthetic, and semi-synthetic polymers. It describes methods of polymerization such as step-growth, chain-growth, ring-opening, and coordination polymerization. Specific polymers are also mentioned including polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polyurethane, nylon 6, polyethylene oxide, and polypropylene oxide. The document provides an overview of polymer chemistry concepts like molecular weight calculation, crystalline structures, glass transition and melt temperatures, and different polymerization reactions.
Writing in Science and Research
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Enrollment link:
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Corona virus the new panademic
Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
What is the difference between pandemic and epidemic?
What is Coronavirus?
Watch the full video: https://youtu.be/y9zr7M8mBIY
Vitamin D
This document discusses vitamin D, including what it is, how the body processes and activates it, its functions, sources, and requirements. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight and found in some foods. It is activated through two hydroxylation steps in the liver and kidneys. Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption and bone mineralization and supports immune function. While sunlight is the major source, many factors impact skin synthesis, so dietary sources and supplements are also important to meet daily requirements.
Naming compounds and Balancing chemical equations using oxidation numbers
1) The document discusses naming compounds and balancing chemical equations using oxidation numbers. It provides examples of naming metal and non-metal compounds as well as oxide compounds.
2) Methods for determining oxidation numbers from compound names and formulas are explained. Examples are given for nitrate compounds and working out formulas from compound names.
3) The document demonstrates balancing chemical equations using oxidation numbers, giving examples of copper (II) oxide reacting with ammonia and manganate (VII) ions reacting with iron (II) ions.
Electronegativity and electropositivity trends in periodic table
Electronegativity and electropositivity trends in periodic table
Video link:
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Calorimeter and enthalpy measurements
1) Calorimetry can be used to measure the enthalpy change of reactions by using either a constant pressure calorimeter or a bomb calorimeter.
2) The enthalpy change is calculated using the formula: ΔH=-mcΔT, where m is the mass of the calorimeter contents, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the temperature change.
3) For example, a student measured a 6.5°C temperature increase when mixing 50mL of 1M HCl and 50mL of 1M NaOH. Using the calorimetry equation, the enthalpy change for the neutralization reaction of 1 mole of HCl with NaOH
Enthalpy change
This document summarizes different types of enthalpy changes in chemical reactions. It defines exothermic reactions as releasing energy to the surroundings and endothermic reactions as absorbing energy from the surroundings. Enthalpy change is the energy exchange between a reaction and its surroundings at constant pressure. The document explains how to calculate enthalpy change and represents reaction pathways using enthalpy profile diagrams to show enthalpy changes for exothermic and endothermic reactions. It also defines standard enthalpy changes of combustion, neutralization, solution, and hydration of salts.
Atomic structure electronic configuration - ib
Atomic structure and electronic configuration
Ionization energy and ionization energy trend in periodic table
Video link:
https://youtu.be/C-xhuw9ZN6U
stoichiometric relations
Stoichiometric relations
For more materials subscribe to channel:
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Acid base eqm and solubility equilibrium
This chapter talks about:
Acid –base equilibria
solubility equilibria
Buffer solution
Acid-base titration
Molar solubility and solubility
pH and Solubility
For more materials subscribe to channel:
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快速办理(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(UAM毕业证书)马德里自治大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...ABHISHEK SONI NIMT INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL AND PARAMEDCIAL SCIENCES , GOVT PG COLLEGE NOIDA
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
Classification
Metal ion ion indicators
Masking and demasking reagents
Estimation of Magnisium sulphate
Calcium gluconate
Complexometric Titration/ chelatometry titration/chelating titration, introduction, Types-
1.Direct Titration
2.Back Titration
3.Replacement Titration
4.Indirect Titration
Masking agent, Demasking agents
formation of complex
comparition between masking and demasking agents,
Indicators/Metal ion indicators/ Metallochromic indicators/pM indicators,
Visual Technique,PM indicators (metallochromic), Indicators of pH, Redox Indicators
Instrumental Techniques-Photometry
Potentiometry
Miscellaneous methods.
Complex titration with EDTA.
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart Agriculture
Alternate Wetting and Drying - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024. EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
11.1 Role of physical biological in deterioration of grains.pdf
Storagedeteriorationisanyformoflossinquantityandqualityofbio-materials.
Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Methods of grain storage Structures in India.pdf
•Post-harvestlossesaccountforabout10%oftotalfoodgrainsduetounscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,
•Totalfoodgrainproductioninindiais311milliontonnesandstorageis145mt.InIndia,annualstoragelosseshavebeenestimated14mtworthofRs.7,000croreinwhichinsectsaloneaccountfornearlyRs.1,300crores.
•InIndiaoutofthetotalproduction,about30%ismarketablesurplus
•Remaining70%isretainedandstoredbyfarmersforconsumption,seed,feed.Hence,growerneedstoragefacilitytoholdaportionofproducetosellwhenthemarketingpriceisfavourable
•TradersandCo-operativesatmarketcentresneedstoragestructurestoholdgrainswhenthetransportfacilityisinadequate
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