This document summarizes the key components and functions of a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). A CMM is a machine used to precisely measure physical characteristics of objects using probes and sensors. It consists of a main structure with movable axes, a probing system, and a data collection system. The main structure can be a gantry, cantilever, column, or bridge type depending on the application. A CMM makes highly accurate 3D measurements that can be used for inspection, quality control, and reverse engineering.

1. CMM
Coordinate-Measuring Machine
Presented by
NAME : S.ARUNKUMAR
DEPARTMENT : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
COLLEGE : SUDHARASAN ENGG COLLEGE

2. • CMM is a 3D device for measuring
the physical geometrical
characteristics of an object.
• CMM is a machine which takes
readings in six degrees of freedom
and displays these readings in
mathematical form.
• CMM is a specialized form
of industrial robot

3. Parts
CMM include three main
components:
1.Main Structure
which include three axes of motion
2. Probing system
3. Data collection and reduction
system
• Application software
• Machine controller
• Desktop computer

4. 1.Main Structure
Gantry type
Advantage:
Measurement of large size parts
Disadvantage:
Geometric changes caused by non-
uniform temperature distribution owing
to their large size.
Application:
Heavy machine construction,
car body and mold making sectors
of the automotive industry,
measuring wind tunnel models.

5. 1.Main Structure
Cantilever type
Advantage:
Large measuring range
Maximum accessibility
Disadvantage:
Bending of the cantilever above the
measuring area
Application:
For checking sheet metal, cast iron
and steel parts in the automotive
industry, aircraft construction and
shipbuilding.

6. 1.Main Structure
Column type
(horizontal arm type)
Advantage:
High accelerations and speeds
owing to the large supporting base
of the column and its low weight
Disadvantage:
Suitable for small measuring ranges
only since the projecting part of the
column must have short length due
to its rigidity.
Application:
In precision measurements
on gages and master parts.

7. 1.Main Structure
Bridge type
Advantage:
Most widely used
High rigidity owing to
compact bridge design and
thus small measuring
deviations.
Disadvantage:
Limited accessibility caused
by the bridge.
Application:
For medium to large
measuring range

8. Portable CMM
Have six rotary axes with rotary encoders,
instead of linear axes.
Less accurate than a bridge type CMM
Use angular measurements taken at the
joints of the arm to calculate the position
of the stylus tip.
Can reach the insides of complex parts
Applications:
Reverse engineering, rapid prototyping,
and large-scale inspection of low-volume parts
are ideally suited for portable CMMs

9. CMM Features
Granite Table
Structurally and thermally stable
material
• Low porosity
• Low moisture absorption
• Low coeff. of thermal expansion
• Superior strength
• Uniformity of texture
• Non-glaring surface
• M8 threaded table inserts

10. CMM Features
Air bearings
• Provided for ensuring
friction free travel to all
axes
• Compressed air is forced
through a series of very
small holes in a flat
bearing surface to provide
a smooth but controlled air
cushion on which the
CMM can move in a
frictionless manner

11. CMM Applications
Metrology
• Linear Measurement (Measured and Constructed Features)
• Angular Measurement (Measured and Constructed Features)
• Geometrical Features
• Profile Checking
Stages of Inspection
• Receiving
• In-proses
• Final
Mode of Inspection Operation
• Manual
• Automated (DCC)
Purpose of Inspection
• First-piece approval
• Process Control
• Pre-assembly qualification of parts
• Reverse Engineering
Location of Inspection
• Standard Room
• Machine Shop
• on Site