Contrast baths involve alternating immersion of an area in hot and cold water to increase blood flow and decrease joint stiffness. The alternating temperatures cause vasodilation and vasoconstriction, pumping blood and removing edema. This treatment alleviates pain, stiffness, and edema by improving circulation, increasing immune cells, and suppressing pain. Contrast baths are used for injuries like sprains and arthritis of the hands, wrists, feet, ankles, elbows, and knees. The procedure involves soaking in warm water for periods, then cold water for shorter periods, totaling around 25 minutes.
Rebox electrotherapeutic method is based on non-invasive transcutaneous application of specific electric currents to a living tissue. Main indications for using the Rebox include treatment of acute and chronic pain, immobility, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders and oedema.
Search Results
Featured snippet from the web
A paraffin wax unit is a machine that heats and holds paraffin wax, a type of wax used for candles. The wax is intended to completely cover the hand (or other body parts such as the feet). Its warm temperature is meant to provide relief from arthritis pain, sore joints or sore muscles.
suspension therapy in details with the principles, indications, benefits, advantages and disadvantages, materials required for performing activities using suspension techniques.
Short wave diathermy (s.w.d) electro therapyÂbhìšhék Singh
Electrotherapy topic shot wave diathermy ppt (physics)
Bachelor of physiotherapy topic swd . Swd introduction, and range of swd , indications and contraindications of swd
Contrast bath therapy is a series of brief, repeated immersions in water, alternating between warm and cold temperatures. Research supports the use of contrast hydrotherapy to lessen muscle fatigue and to decrease pain, swelling, and lactic acid buildup following intense exercise.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is leading source for trustworthy health, medical, science and technology news and information. Providing world health information Medical Education.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is dedicated to medical students, physiotherapists, doctors, nurses, paramedics, physician associates, dentists, pharmacists, midwives and other healthcare professionals.
We're committed to being your source for expert health guidance. Bhaskar Health and Medical Education.
Source : https://www.bhaskarhealth.com
Health Shop: https://www.bhaskarhealth.org
@drrohitbhaskar @bhaskarhealth
#DrRohitBhaskar #BhaskarHealth
#Health #Medical #News #Physiotherapy
Rebox electrotherapeutic method is based on non-invasive transcutaneous application of specific electric currents to a living tissue. Main indications for using the Rebox include treatment of acute and chronic pain, immobility, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders and oedema.
Search Results
Featured snippet from the web
A paraffin wax unit is a machine that heats and holds paraffin wax, a type of wax used for candles. The wax is intended to completely cover the hand (or other body parts such as the feet). Its warm temperature is meant to provide relief from arthritis pain, sore joints or sore muscles.
suspension therapy in details with the principles, indications, benefits, advantages and disadvantages, materials required for performing activities using suspension techniques.
Short wave diathermy (s.w.d) electro therapyÂbhìšhék Singh
Electrotherapy topic shot wave diathermy ppt (physics)
Bachelor of physiotherapy topic swd . Swd introduction, and range of swd , indications and contraindications of swd
Contrast bath therapy is a series of brief, repeated immersions in water, alternating between warm and cold temperatures. Research supports the use of contrast hydrotherapy to lessen muscle fatigue and to decrease pain, swelling, and lactic acid buildup following intense exercise.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is leading source for trustworthy health, medical, science and technology news and information. Providing world health information Medical Education.
Bhaskar Health News and Medical Education is dedicated to medical students, physiotherapists, doctors, nurses, paramedics, physician associates, dentists, pharmacists, midwives and other healthcare professionals.
We're committed to being your source for expert health guidance. Bhaskar Health and Medical Education.
Source : https://www.bhaskarhealth.com
Health Shop: https://www.bhaskarhealth.org
@drrohitbhaskar @bhaskarhealth
#DrRohitBhaskar #BhaskarHealth
#Health #Medical #News #Physiotherapy
hot application in fundamental of nursing, include of definition,purpose,therapeutic effect,effect on physiology,and sencondery,procedure of appplying hot application on patient with the intervention
#nursing
This slide includes the scientific principles. HOT APPLICATION Hot application is the application of a hot agent, warmer than skin either in a moist or dry from on the surface of the body; .
Heat and cold therapy is slide aims for health sciences nursing students. Its discuss about the purpose , general principle and nurses role in giving cold and heat therapy to the client.
at this summer season many people are working in outdoor in construction and drilling sites the heat stress is one of the risks that this population are facing , take extrem precautions
Morality and Ethics in Physiotherapy ProfessionSreeraj S R
As health care is considered divine and moral activity, physiotherapy professionals too are held to moral standards with expectations of ethical conduct.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
1. Sreeraj S R1
Hot and Cold Immersion / Contrast Bath
Contrast baths is a convenient, easy to apply thermal treatment modality in the treatment of
peripheral areas in physiotherapy clinics for over 70 years.
It is a method of application which involves soaking the area to be treated in alternating baths of
hot and cold water. Contrast baths combine alternating hot and cold water applications to increase
blood flow and to decrease joint stiffness.
Physiological mechanism
A hot bath produces vasodilation in our body, vasodilation is dilation or expansion of blood vessel
thereby increase in blood flow. Cold bath produces vasoconstriction, which is constriction of a
blood vessel resulting in decreased blood flow.
That means a hot bath increases the blood flow to the exposed body part and cold decreases the
blood flow. So, when the body part is exposed to alternate warm or cold temperatures, it produces
alternate vasodilatation and vasoconstriction resulting in a “pumping effect” to facilitate the
removal of edema.
Contrast bath can be used to alleviate pain, stiffness, and edema.
Benefits
The alternating hot and cold dilates and contracts the blood vessels, bringing fresh blood
supply to the area being treated.
The blood cells that fight infection, i.e. the white blood cells are increased in number and
activity. The waste products produced by enhanced activity of WBCs are removed by
improved circulation.
The regular change in temperature also leads to considerable change in the sensory
stimulus. This strong sensory stimulus acts to suppress pain by means of pain gate
mechanism and accounts for suppression of pain.
It can also significantly improve muscle recovery following exercise by reducing the levels
of blood lactate concentration.
Indications
Infections, sprains, strains, bruises and arthritis are some of the more common conditions
that are greatly benefitted by this bath.
Contrast baths are used to treat the hands, wrists, feet and ankles and can also be used for
the elbows and knees if the container is large enough.
Equipment Needed
Two containers large enough to accommodate the area to be treated, i.e. hand or foot
one container is filled with cold water of 10° to 18° C (50° to 56° F) and
another one is filled with hot water 38° to 44° C (100° to 110° F).
Two test tubes for hot & cold discrimination test prior to treatment.
2. Sreeraj S R2
Thermometer to check the temperature in the bath/tub.
Procedure
Always begin with the warm water and end with the warm water.
Place part in the warm water for 10 minutes
move the part around through the full, pain-free range of motion.
Remove and place immediately in cold water for 1 minute.
There will be an initial short period of tingling until the part becomes accustomed to the
cold.
Continue alternating parts in hot water for 4 minutes and cold water for 1 minute
Keep adding ice and hot water as needed to maintain the proper water temperatures in
the two tubs.
After the final cold or hot treatment, dry the part thoroughly.
This treatment should be given once or twice daily.
In Summary, soak in
Warm water for 10 Minutes
Cold water for 1 Minute
Warm water for 4 Minutes
Cold water for 1 Minute
Warm water for 4 Minutes
Cold water for 1 Minute
Warm water for 4 Minutes making a total time of 25 Minutes
General rules for a contrast bath are as follows.
Always use a thermometer to check the bath temperature.
Always treat a larger area than is injured. For example, a sprained ankle should have
the water nearly up to the mid foot.
Always start with the hot water and end with the cold, except when treating arthritis, or
if the patient is menstruating, or if massage of the part is to follow the treatment. If any
of these three situations exist, the hot water should be used last.
Precautions
Open wounds: New granulation tissue is sensitive to heat, cold, and pressure and may not be able
to withstand heat or cold application. However, heat may enhance circulation to the area once the
wound is closed. Skin sensation must be intact to administer heat or cold.
Pregnancy: Heat may be beneficial; however, it should not be applied over a pregnant uterus as it
may increase the circulation to the fetus, and the effects of this have not been studied.
3. Sreeraj S R3
Advanced age: If the patient has intact sensation and is reliable, then the application of heat or
cold may be indicated. However, if the patient has fragile skin that does not blanche under
pressure, they may not be able to adapt to the increased temperature from application of heat.
Menstruation: Heat applied to the lower back or over the pelvis of a female during menses may
increase menstrual flow. If she is prepared for this, then the application might be indicated
depending on the signs and symptoms of the physical therapy diagnosis.
Impaired cognitive ability: If a patient can communicate sensations of heat, cold, and pain in
some meaningful way, then they may have applied. However, these patients should be monitored
closely.
Previous experience with the physical agent: If a patient has had a poor response to the
application of a thermal agent in the past, they may be less receptive to trying it again. However, it
is important that the clinician educate the patient and explain the potential benefits of any modality
before it is applied.
Contraindications
1. Pregnancy (first trimester): Heat should not be applied directly over a pregnant uterus as
it may increase the circulation to the fetus and this has not been studied for safety in
humans.
2. Undressed or infected wounds: The infection must be cultured and treated first. The
wound must be covered to prevent cross contamination.
3. Pacemaker: If the pacemaker is a demand pacemaker, then only precautions are
necessary. Application of heat in patients with non-demand-type pacemakers may cause
undue stress on the cardiac musculature.
4. Metastasis: Heat applied directly over or proximal to a metastasis will increase circulation
to the area and may enhance the disease progression.
5. Fever: Heat applied to an area actively involved in the inflammatory process will result in
an increase in the circulation to that area and potentially increase edema.
6. Acute inflammation: Heat applied to an area actively involved in the inflammatory
process will result in an increase in the circulation to that area and potentially increase
edema.
7. Acute hemorrhage: Heat applied to an area actively involved in the inflammatory process
will result in an increase in the circulation to that area and potentially increase bleeding.
8. Peripheral vascular disease: Heat applied to an area with compromised ability to
maintain homeostasis may result in increased pain perception and other complications.
9. Lack of sensation: The safety of heat application relies on the ability of the patient to
report changes in sensation to prevent a burn.
4. Sreeraj S R4
Presence of metal implants or jewelry: None
Operation of a mechanical traction unit: None