Constructivism is a learning theory that asserts learners construct knowledge individually and socially through experience and interaction with their surroundings, largely influenced by scholars like Piaget and Vygotsky. It emphasizes two views: individual constructivism, focusing on internal knowledge creation, and social constructivism, which highlights shared knowledge development. The approach advocates for interactive, experiential learning in contrast to traditional classrooms that prioritize rote memorization and passive learning.

2. WHAT IS CONSTRUCTIVISM?
Constructivism refers to the idea
that learners construct knowledge
for themselves---each learner
individually (and socially) constructs
meaning--- as he or she learns.
 A learning theory that “equates
learning with creating
meaning from experience”


3. MAJOR SCHOLARS OF
CONSTRUCTIVISM AND
THEIR KEY CLAIM:

4. A Russian psychologist who had a
theory that laid the basis of
Constructivism.
 Believed that learners
develop
through interaction
with culture and their
surroundings.


5. 
has made significant
contributions to human
and
as well as to history
and to the general
,
.
Key people of CONSTRUCTIVSM:
in

6.  Swiss developmental psychologist
and philosopher known for his
epistemological studies with
children.
 Believes that children learn
through experience, they
to situations based
on what they have
previously learned from
other situations.
Key people of CONSTRUCTIVSM:

7. John Dewey advocated
The learning process of
experiential learning t
hrough real life experience
to construct and
Conditionalize knowledge,
which is consistent
with the constructivists.
Key people of CONSTRUCTIVISM:

8. Characteristics of Constructivism:

10. TWO VIEWS OF
CONSTRUCTIVISM

11. INDIVIDUAL CONSTRUCTIVISM

This is also called
It emphasizes individual, internal
construction of knowledge.
 It is largely based on Piaget’s
theory.
 Learners should be allowed to
discover principles through their
rather than direct
instruction by the teacher.


12. SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIVSM

This
“
view
emphasizes
that
of
being
represented solely in the mind of an
individual.”
 It is based on Vygotsky’s theory.
 Construction of knowledge is shared
by two or more people

13. The role of the instructor
 Instructors as facilitators
◦ a facilitator helps the learner to get to
his or her own understanding of the
content. In the
former scenario the learner plays a
passive
role and in the latter scenario
the learner plays an
active role in the
learning process.

14. The nature of the learning process
Learning is an active, social
process
Dynamic interaction between
task, instructor and learner
Collaboration among learners

15. Traditional Classroom
vs.
Constructivist
Classroom

16. Traditional Classroom
• Curriculum begins with the
parts of the whole.
Emphasizes basic skills.
• Strict adherence to fixed
curriculum is highly valued.
• Materials are primarily books
and workbooks.
• Learning is based on repetition.
• Teachers disseminate
information to students;
students are recipient of
knowledge.
• Teacher’s role is directive
rooted in authority.
• Assessment is through
testing, correct answers.
• Knowledge is seen as inert.
• Students work primarily alone.
Constructivist Classroom
• Curriculum emphasizes big
concepts, beginning with the whole
and expanding to include parts.
• Pursuit of students question and
interest is valued.
• Materials include primary sources
of material and manipulative
material.
• Learning is interactive, building on
what the student already knows.
• Teachers have dialogue with the
students, helping students
construct their own knowledge.
• Teacher’s role is interactive rooted
in negotiation.
• Assessments include students work
observations, and point of view as
well as tests. Process is as
important as the product.
• Knowledge is seen as dynamic,
ever changing with our
experiences.

18. Why is Constructivism the
best Framework?
Constructivism Enhances Knowledge
Constructivism is Practical
Constructivism is Holistic
Constructivism is Inclusive
Constructivism is Effective

19. If you tell me, I will listen.
If you show me, I will see.
But if you ley me experience, I will
learn.
Lao-Tse 500 B.C