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Constructivism
- 2. • Learners construct knowledge •Build their own representations and incorporate new information into their pre-existing knowledge (schemas).
- 3. 1. Elicit priorknowledge 2. Create Cognitive dissonance 3. Apply knowledge with feedback 4. Reflect on learning
- 4. 1. Elicit priorknowledge New knowledge is created in relation to learner’s pre-existing knowledge. 2. Create Cognitive dissonance Knowledge is built as learners encounter novel problems and revise existing schemas as they work through the challenging problem.
- 5. 3. Apply knowledgewith feedback Activities should allow for students to compare pre-existing schema to the novel situation. Activities might include presentations, small group or class discussions, and quizzes. 4. Reflect on learning Provide students with an opportunity to show you (and themselves) what they have learned. Activities might include: presentations, reflexive papers or creating a step-by-step tutorial for another student.
- 6. Reciprocal teaching/learning Allowpairs of students to teach each other Inquiry-based learning (IBL) Learners pose their own questions and seek answers to their questions via research and direct observation Problem based learning (PBL) Learners acquire knowledge by devising a solution to a problem Cooperative learning Students work together in small groups to maximize their own and each other's learning
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- 8. Constructivism in Education Sharedauthority between teachers and students. Learning groups consist of small numbers of students.
- 9. Types of constructivism 1.Cognitive Cognitive constructivism focuses on the idea that learning should be related to the learner’s stage of cognitive development. 2. Social Social constructivism focuses on the collaborative nature of learning. Knowledge develops from how people interact with each other, their culture, and society at large. Students rely on others to help create their building blocks, and learning from others helps them construct their own knowledge and reality. 3. Radical Radical constructivism is very different from cognitive and social constructivism. It focuses on the idea that learners and the knowledge they construct tell us nothing real, only help us function in our environment.
- 10. The Role ofthe teacher in the classroom
- 12. It enhancesstudents’ collaborative skills, provides students with opportunities and helps them understand new knowledge and strategies. It helps them to examine their thinking processes and recognise the need to revise their thinking (Turner and Patrick, 2004).
- 13. According to Zhan(2008), collaborative learning activities can engage students’ participation,and interaction, working together toward a common academic goal, and increasing the level of satisfaction and feelings of connection and community. Learning environment encourages student responsibility for learning and this fits in well with social constructivist approach.
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