The presentation is descriptive about the basics of cement and cement industry in india and abroad. this was our project in 1st year of B.arch from school of planning and architecture, bhopal, india.
STONE -As A Building Material.
Stones have been considered as one of the popular building material from the olden days due to their availability in abundance from the natural rocks. Building stones should possess enough strength and durability.
The stones which are suitable for the construction of the structures such as retaining walls, abutments, dams, barrages, roads etc are known as building stones.
Concrete
The word concrete comes from the Latin word "concretus". Which means compact.Now a days concrete is most common and necessary things in our life.
The history of cementing materials together goes back to the time when prehistoric man prepare his cave to build shelter.
He used mud and clay to fill the gap between stone. To keep out the wind and cold.
Later the Assyrians and Babylonians used clay as their bonding substance and straw to make a shape.
The Egyptians used lime and gypsum and crushed stone to create a material that would harden even better.
The presentation is descriptive about the basics of cement and cement industry in india and abroad. this was our project in 1st year of B.arch from school of planning and architecture, bhopal, india.
STONE -As A Building Material.
Stones have been considered as one of the popular building material from the olden days due to their availability in abundance from the natural rocks. Building stones should possess enough strength and durability.
The stones which are suitable for the construction of the structures such as retaining walls, abutments, dams, barrages, roads etc are known as building stones.
Concrete
The word concrete comes from the Latin word "concretus". Which means compact.Now a days concrete is most common and necessary things in our life.
The history of cementing materials together goes back to the time when prehistoric man prepare his cave to build shelter.
He used mud and clay to fill the gap between stone. To keep out the wind and cold.
Later the Assyrians and Babylonians used clay as their bonding substance and straw to make a shape.
The Egyptians used lime and gypsum and crushed stone to create a material that would harden even better.
STEEL IN ARCHITECTURE-CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTUREMohd Azmatullah
Steel is crucial in development of economy and is considered as backbone of human civilization.
* Important milestones in Architecture was development of iron and steel in construction.
*New Method based in industrialization
DRYCONSTRUCTION, RATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY, RECIYCLING
*Steel buildings and bridges were being built in the latter part of the 19th century and early 20th century during the British era,
*New trend:-
Structural steel selectively used in the construction of high-rise buildings with 2-4/ projects/ year in India, mainly in metropolitan cities those are constrained by limited land availability.
*The evolution of steel frame construction in the 20th century entirely changed the concept of the Wall and the support.
*Steel is typical because of high tensile and compressive strengths
*steel buildings save time and money as compared to conventional building systems.
*Strong internal demand and emphasis on developing infrastructure can be expected to remain the foundation of Economic growth.
Industry and infrastructure segments can be expected, the key demand drivers for steel structures in India over the next 5 years.
*Overall, there is good potential for steel structures in India owing to robust economic growth, increased government spending on infrastructure and change in mindset with regards to use of structural steel in building.
TIME , LIFE, WORKS AND
PHILOSOPIES OF F L WRIGHT
Compiled by : Manish Jain Architect Gr. Floor , Ashoka apartment Bhawani Singh RoadC-scheme , Jaipur -302001 Rajasthan ( INDIA)Ph. 91-0141-2743536 , 91-9829063132Email: fdarchitect @gmail.com Web : www.frontdesk.co.in
Charles Correa is an Indian architect and urban planner, particularly noted for his sensitivity to the needs of the urban poor and for his use of traditional methods and materials
Hello, My name is Saidul Islam. I am a student of Stamford University Bangladesh. It is my varsity presentration. Here halp our course teacher , so I made it too largest. Here you got details in concrete. we are finish those work.
B-Tech Construction Material Presentaion.pptmosesnhidza
Concrete is a mixture of cement, aggregates and water, with any other admixtures which may be added to modify the placing and curing processes or the ultimate physical properties.
report of dance, drama and music academy and auditoriumShourya Puri
case study of triveni kala sangam and kala kendra, goa.
site analysis of gurugram
literature study of dance, drama and music studio and auditorium
about gurugram
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2. Concrete is one of the most commonly used
building materials.
Concrete is a mixture of portland cement, water,
aggregates, and in some cases, admixtures.
Concrete is a versatile material that can easily be
mixed to meet a variety of special needs and
formed to virtually any shape.
Concrete is often looked upon as “man made rock”.
3. Portland Cement
Aggregate - sand,
gravel, crushed rock
Water
Admixtures - when
necessary
4. Ability to be cast
Economical
Durable
Fire resistant
Energy efficient
On-site fabrication
5. Low tensile strength
Low ductility
Volume instability
Low strength to weight ratio
6. Workability
ease of placement
resistance to segregation
homogeneous mass
Consistency
ability to
flowSegregation
Bleeding
7. It is desirable that freshly mixed concrete be
relatively easy to transport, place, compact
and finish without harmful segregation.
A concrete mix satisfying these conditions is
said to be workable.
8. Method and duration of transportation
Quantity and characteristics of cementing
materials
Aggregate grading, shape and surface
texture
Quantity and characteristics of chemical
admixtures
Amount of water
Amount of entrained air
Concrete & ambient air temperature
9. Workability is the most
important property of
freshly mixed concrete.
There is no single test
method that can
simultaneously measure all
the properties involved in
workability.
It is determined to a large
extent by measuring the
“consistency” of the mix.
10. Consistency is the fluidity or degree of wetness of
concrete.
It is generally dependent on the shear resistance
of the mass.
It is a major factor in indicating the workability of
freshly mixed concrete.
11. Test methods for measuring consistency are:
Flow test → measures the amount of flow
Kelly-Ball test → measures the amount of
penetration
Slump test (Most widely used test!)
12. Slump Test is related with the ease with which
concrete flows during placement (TS 2871,
ASTM C 143)
13. 10 cm
20 cm
30 cm
The slump cone is filled in 3 layers. Every
layer is evenly rodded 25 times.
Measure the slump by determining the vertical difference
between the top of the mold and the displaced original center
of the top surface of the specimen.
14.
15. Segregation refers to a separation of the
components of fresh concrete, resulting in a non-
uniform mix
Sp.Gr. Size
Cement 3-3.15 5-80 mm
C.Agg. 2.4-2.8 5-40 mm
F.Agg. 2.4-2.8 < 5 mm
The primary causes of
segregation are differences
in specific gravity and size
of constituents of concrete.
Moreover, improper mixing,
improper placing and
improper consolidation also
lead to segregation.
16.
17. Bleeding is the tendency of water to rise to the
surface of freshly placed concrete.
It is caused by the
inability of solid
constituents of the
mix to hold all of
the mixing water as
they settle down.
A special case of
segregation.
18. Concrete that has been specified, batched,
mixed, placed, and finished "letter-perfect" can
still be a failure if improperly or inadequately
cured.
Curing is usually the last step in a concrete
project and, unfortunately, is often neglected
even by professional.
Curing has a major influence on the properties
of hardened concrete such as durability,
strength, water-tightness, wear resistance,
stabilizing.
19. The aim of mixing is to blend all of the
ingredients of the concrete to form a uniform
mass and to coat the surface of aggregates with
cement paste.
21. Concrete is a highly versatile construction
material, well suited for many agricultural
applications.
It is a mixture of portland cement, water,
aggregates, and in some cases, admixtures.
Strength, durability, and many other factors
depend on the relative amounts and properties
of the individual components.