2. CAI introduction- recap
CAI refers to the use of the computer
as a tool to facilitate and improve
instruction.
A CAI program can be used in
following ways to improve instruction
drill and practice , Simulation
problem solving approaches to
present topics
They test the student's
understanding.
3. Computer Assisted
Instruction- recap
Use of computer in education is
referred by many names such as
◦ Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
◦ Computer Aided Instruction (CAI)
◦ Computer Assisted Learning (CAL)
◦ Computer Based Education (CBE)
◦ Computer Based Instruction (CBI)
◦ Computer Managed Learning(CML)
Web Based
Training/Learning/Instruction
4. Computer Managed Leaning
CML
Use of computer in education is
justified as it can aid teachers and
learners in variety of ways.
CML extends the scope of CAI with
self contained instructional range
and testing experience for students.
CAL and CML are emerged so the
demarcation is unclear
5. Computer Managed Leaning
CML
CML has bigger scope than CAI as it can
contribute to the efficiency of
administration tasks and assistance
of teachers in classroom.
Flexible, self paced and individualized
Test construction is easy with pools of
question and let the computer to
manage the appropriate retrieval
Shuffling of question in a computerized
test is very easy
Computer can administer tests itself
6. The rational role of CML
CML is a controlled system as
compared to CAI
This control raise the motivation of
students for longer period of time
Computerized libraries with control
access and remote access as per
need
Use of computer in education was
questioned in 1950
IPI was first project-daily tests and
lesson assignments
Teachers freed from records keeping
7. Forms of CML Testing
Testing based: offline – tests and
decide which lesson to take place next.
Testing based : online – students are
tested via terminals and scoring, analysis
and decisions are carried out by CML.
Non-testing based: control of
instructional sequence – teacher
prepare assignments, sequence tests for
each students, teacher check its daily
performance and decide.
Non testing based : record keeping
8. Impact of CML/CMT
Detailed assessment of knowledge
and achievements via records and
reports.
Supplementing the old strategies with
new opportunities offerings
Master learning principal –
achievement constant and time varies
(slow learners)
Computer can judge better for pre-
requisite skills prior to actual leaning
Changes the role of teacher to guide,
9. Computer and test
construction
Computer in education in two ways
◦ As a subject of study
◦ As a tool in education
Best for objective types tests – special
marks for answers and then
evaluating (PAF – 1994)
Comparison of test is easy
Computer based testing is on the
basis of question bank
12. Problems of Computer in
education use
Economic factor (budgeting issues)
Lack of infrastructure (new
techs/networks, awareness,
knowledge)
Lack of education software (poor
quality, less matured, non
standardized)
Attitude toward computer (optimistic
and pessimistic, overloaded,
welcome)
13. Problems of Computer in
education use
Installation and maintenance
(furniture, chairs and new building for
labs)
Professional development (Teacher
training , cost , time, need based
trainings)
Evaluation (an ongoing process ,
which is absent in pakistan)
Planning for implementation (planning
for new things)