This document provides information about various computer hardware components and their functions. It discusses the motherboard, CPU, keyboard, mouse, RAM, monitor, floppy drive, CD-ROM drive, hard disk drive, DVD drives, and their roles. It also describes ports and slots on the motherboard like USB, PCI, memory card slots, PS/2 connectors, audio jacks, parallel ports, Ethernet ports, VGA ports, and hubs. Common electrical connectors like 8P8C, D-subminiature, and USB connectors are also explained.
The motherboard is the main circuit board in computers that holds crucial components like the CPU, memory, and provides connections for peripherals. It provides electrical connections for components to communicate and hosts the CPU and other subsystems. A typical desktop computer has the microprocessor, memory, and essential components connected to the motherboard. An important component is the chipset that provides interfaces between the CPU, buses, and external components, determining motherboard features and capabilities.
The motherboard connects all the PC components together. It has sockets for the CPU, RAM, expansion slots for devices, and connectors for drives and ports. The chipset on the motherboard controls communication between these components and the CPU. Key components on the motherboard include the CPU socket, memory sockets, expansion slots like PCI and ISA, drive controllers for connecting hard drives and floppy drives, and ports. The BIOS chip stored on the motherboard controls low-level processes during startup.
The motherboard connects the central components of a computer including the CPU, RAM, disk drives, and ports. RAM is the computer's short-term memory where data is temporarily stored and accessed randomly, while ROM is non-volatile memory that stores essential firmware. The CPU carries out computer programs' instructions to perform basic operations. A power supply converts incoming energy into electrical energy to power the computer's components.
The document discusses different types of motherboards, their components and manufacturers. It describes integrated and non-integrated motherboards, and different form factors like ATX and AT. Key components discussed include the CPU socket, memory slots, BIOS, chipset including north and south bridges, expansion slots, and I/O ports. Popular motherboard manufacturers like Asus, Intel, MSI and Gigabyte are also covered.
The CPU executes instructions to run programs and performs basic logic, arithmetic, and input/output operations. A motherboard is the main circuit board that contains the CPU and connections for components like RAM, graphics cards, hard drives, and ports. RAM is a type of memory that can be quickly written and read from, and is used to store active programs and data.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to bits, bytes, computer architecture, and networking. It begins with an explanation of bits and bytes as the basic units of digital information. It then covers common computer components such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and hard drive. The document introduces different computer platforms and discusses networking fundamentals like topologies and the OSI model. It provides a high-level tour of fundamental digital concepts.
This document provides an overview of motherboard components and characteristics. It begins by stating the objectives of describing motherboard functions, types, and components. It then discusses what a motherboard is and its main functions. The document outlines different types of motherboards, including integrated vs. non-integrated, desktop vs. laptop vs. server, and form factors like ATX. It identifies the major components of a motherboard such as the chipset, CPU socket, RAM slots, BIOS, connectors, and considers factors for purchasing a motherboard.
The document discusses various components of a computer including the motherboard, expansion slots, and different types of expansion cards. It provides details on the function of the motherboard and its basic components. It also explains what expansion slots are and different types of slots like PCI, AGP, and ISA. Finally, it describes various expansion cards that can fit into these slots like sound cards, network cards, SCSI cards, and others as well as ports and interfaces like USB, Firewire, serial and parallel ports.
The motherboard is the main circuit board in computers that holds crucial components like the CPU, memory, and provides connections for peripherals. It provides electrical connections for components to communicate and hosts the CPU and other subsystems. A typical desktop computer has the microprocessor, memory, and essential components connected to the motherboard. An important component is the chipset that provides interfaces between the CPU, buses, and external components, determining motherboard features and capabilities.
The motherboard connects all the PC components together. It has sockets for the CPU, RAM, expansion slots for devices, and connectors for drives and ports. The chipset on the motherboard controls communication between these components and the CPU. Key components on the motherboard include the CPU socket, memory sockets, expansion slots like PCI and ISA, drive controllers for connecting hard drives and floppy drives, and ports. The BIOS chip stored on the motherboard controls low-level processes during startup.
The motherboard connects the central components of a computer including the CPU, RAM, disk drives, and ports. RAM is the computer's short-term memory where data is temporarily stored and accessed randomly, while ROM is non-volatile memory that stores essential firmware. The CPU carries out computer programs' instructions to perform basic operations. A power supply converts incoming energy into electrical energy to power the computer's components.
The document discusses different types of motherboards, their components and manufacturers. It describes integrated and non-integrated motherboards, and different form factors like ATX and AT. Key components discussed include the CPU socket, memory slots, BIOS, chipset including north and south bridges, expansion slots, and I/O ports. Popular motherboard manufacturers like Asus, Intel, MSI and Gigabyte are also covered.
The CPU executes instructions to run programs and performs basic logic, arithmetic, and input/output operations. A motherboard is the main circuit board that contains the CPU and connections for components like RAM, graphics cards, hard drives, and ports. RAM is a type of memory that can be quickly written and read from, and is used to store active programs and data.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to bits, bytes, computer architecture, and networking. It begins with an explanation of bits and bytes as the basic units of digital information. It then covers common computer components such as the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and hard drive. The document introduces different computer platforms and discusses networking fundamentals like topologies and the OSI model. It provides a high-level tour of fundamental digital concepts.
This document provides an overview of motherboard components and characteristics. It begins by stating the objectives of describing motherboard functions, types, and components. It then discusses what a motherboard is and its main functions. The document outlines different types of motherboards, including integrated vs. non-integrated, desktop vs. laptop vs. server, and form factors like ATX. It identifies the major components of a motherboard such as the chipset, CPU socket, RAM slots, BIOS, connectors, and considers factors for purchasing a motherboard.
The document discusses various components of a computer including the motherboard, expansion slots, and different types of expansion cards. It provides details on the function of the motherboard and its basic components. It also explains what expansion slots are and different types of slots like PCI, AGP, and ISA. Finally, it describes various expansion cards that can fit into these slots like sound cards, network cards, SCSI cards, and others as well as ports and interfaces like USB, Firewire, serial and parallel ports.
A motherboard is the central printed circuit board in modern computers that connects crucial components like the CPU, main memory, and expansion slots. It provides electrical connections for components to communicate and hosts peripherals. Common components directly connected to the motherboard include the microprocessor, RAM, chipset, BIOS, and power connectors. Expansion cards and peripheral devices can also connect via slots or cables. Modern motherboards include integrated functions like temperature sensors and fan control.
Computer hardware includes input devices, output devices, and storage devices. Input devices such as mice, keyboards, and webcams allow users to input data. Output devices like monitors, printers, and speakers allow the computer to output information to the user. Storage devices such as USB drives and diskettes are used to store data on the computer.
The document discusses expansion slots in computers. It lists the group members and then covers standards for expansion slots including PCI, PCI Express, and AGP. It describes the construction of expansion slots and cards including sound cards, network cards, video cards, and cards that take up multiple slots. Finally, it mentions external expansion buses like USB, Express Card, and PC Card that are commonly used for laptops.
This document defines and provides examples of various computer expansion components and peripherals. It discusses expansion slots on motherboards that can hold adapter cards to enhance system functions. Peripherals connect to the system unit and are controlled by the processor. Specific examples of peripherals include sound cards, video cards, removable flash memory like memory cards and USB drives, and PC Cards/ExpressCards that add capabilities when inserted into slots.
The document provides an overview of motherboards and their components. It discusses the different physical form factors of motherboards as well as the key components like the chipset, BIOS, and expansion slots. The roles of the chipset and controllers are explained, covering topics like processor support, memory support, I/O functions. CMOS settings and BIOS configuration are also covered, along with POST errors and system resources.
The document discusses various aspects of motherboards including form factors, sockets and CPUs, chipsets, bus speeds, memory, and slots and ports. It describes how motherboards contain the buses that allow data to travel between computer components. It provides details on common form factors, sockets that determine compatible CPUs, the chipset's role in allowing components to communicate, and the various slots and ports used to connect peripherals to the motherboard.
The document discusses various components of a motherboard including the CPU, expansion slots, expansion cards, RAM slots, ports, and connectors. The CPU controls the computer's operations and interprets basic instructions. Expansion slots allow additional capabilities to be added via cards. RAM slots hold the computer's memory. Ports and connectors allow peripherals to connect to the computer and send/receive data using various interfaces like serial, parallel, USB, FireWire, MIDI, SCSI, IrDA, and Bluetooth. The sound port transmits audio signals.
The document discusses the main components of a motherboard and their functions. It describes the CPU as the brain that executes instructions and performs calculations. RAM temporarily stores dynamic data to enhance performance. The BIOS controls hardware and interfaces with the operating system. Expansion buses allow adding features through adapter cards. The Northbridge controls transfers between the CPU and RAM, while the Southbridge handles communication with peripheral devices. It also discusses common computer cable types like VGA, HDMI, USB, IDE, SATA, FireWire, and Ethernet.
The motherboard form factor determines its physical size and shape. Larger form factors like ATX support more expansion slots but are more expensive, while smaller form factors have limited expansion but allow compact systems. Different form factors also require different case styles. Processor sockets house the CPU and connect it electrically to the motherboard, using various connection methods such as pin grid array or land grid array. Chipsets integrate multiple chips onto one, and earlier motherboards separated core functions between a north bridge and south bridge.
This document discusses various input devices for computers including keyboards, mice, barcode readers, cameras, microphones, MIDI devices, biometric scanners, and touch screens. It also covers transferring pictures/video and using a KVM switch to control multiple computers from one keyboard/mouse/monitor. The document includes questions and answers about KVM switch interfaces, RS-232 ports, touch screen calibration, and S-video connectors.
The document summarizes the key components and connectors found on a typical computer motherboard and briefly describes their functions:
The motherboard contains the CPU, RAM, BIOS chip, and connectors that allow other components like graphics cards, hard drives, fans, and I/O ports to connect and communicate. Key connectors include the 24-pin ATX power connector, front panel connectors for power/reset buttons and LEDs, CPU power and fan connectors, memory slots, PCI and PCIe slots for expansion cards, and rear I/O ports for connecting peripherals via USB, audio, video, LAN, and serial/parallel ports. The motherboard relies on the northbridge and southbridge chips to interface between these
The document summarizes various ports and connectors found on motherboards. It describes ports like VGA, PS/2, serial, USB, parallel, audio and network ports. It also discusses CPU sockets, RAM slots, expansion slots found on older and newer motherboards. Power connections from the SMPS like AT, ATX, Molex and mini connectors are explained. Other components discussed include CMOS battery, its errors and solutions.
“Computer is an electronic machine that can store, recall and process data. It can perform
tasks or complex calculation according to a set of instructions or programs. The terms and
definitions used in computer system
This document summarizes various computer connectors used for internal and external components. It describes common internal connectors like IDE, SATA, and USB. External connectors discussed include serial ports, parallel ports, keyboard, mouse, video display, Ethernet, and USB. Details are provided on the pin configurations and purposes of different connectors like RJ45 for Ethernet, D-shell for serial ports, and SATA versus IDE connectors for hard drives. In summary, it provides an overview of the most common connector types used in computer systems to connect various internal and external components.
The motherboard is the central component of a PC that connects all other major components. It contains various internal connectors for components like the CPU, memory, storage drives, graphics cards, and expansion slots. Understanding what each connector is used for helps with building and upgrading a PC. The document discusses different internal connectors on motherboards like the CPU socket, memory slots, power connectors, and various ports.
The document provides information about motherboard components and their functions, as well as how to troubleshoot motherboard failures. It discusses the main components of a motherboard including the back panel connectors, PCI slots, northbridge, southbridge, CPU socket, power connectors, and RAM slots. It then describes common motherboard failure symptoms and provides a multi-step process for troubleshooting, which involves checking for physical damage, voltages, and signals before attempting to replace failed components.
Expansion slots on a computer motherboard allow devices or expansion cards to attach and add new functionality. They provide flexibility by enabling hardware upgrades through installing items like modems, sound cards, and video cards. Common types included outdated ISA slots, standard PCI slots for connecting hardware like network and sound cards, and faster PCIe slots typically used for high-powered video cards. RAM slots are also used but do not add new functionality in the same way. Expansion slots overall help improve graphics, expand storage, and add new features and ports to a computer.
The document provides information about different types of motherboards including AT, ATX, and NLX motherboards. It discusses the key components and features of motherboards such as the CPU socket, memory slots, expansion slots, and power connectors. The steps for building a PC from individual components are outlined, with an emphasis on proper electrostatic discharge prevention procedures when handling components.
Introduction of Motherboard with labelling partsJanyabiPandit
The document discusses different types of motherboards and their components. It describes motherboards based on the devices they support like integrated vs non-integrated, form factors like AT and ATX, and uses like desktop, laptop and server. It explains the main components of a motherboard like the CPU socket, memory slots, expansion slots, chipset, BIOS, CMOS battery, input-output connectors and power connectors. The document provides details on these different components and their functions in powering and connecting the various parts of a computer system.
The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the components of a computer. It holds crucial parts like the CPU, memory, and connectors for input/output devices. The motherboard functions as the base for all other computer parts and its design depends on the type of CPU installed. It contains important components like the processor socket, power connectors, memory slots, expansion slots, BIOS, and connectors for storage devices, ports, and front panel components to allow the computer to function.
This document provides information about peripheral devices:
- It defines a peripheral as a hardware device controlled by software that is not part of the core computer architecture but expands its capabilities. Peripherals require hardware, firmware, device drivers, and available system resources.
- It discusses common consumer peripherals like printers, scanners, and mice and gives examples of business peripherals like routers and phones.
- It explains how technicians might install and configure peripheral devices, install drivers, and troubleshoot peripheral issues.
The document then provides details about specific peripheral types like serial and parallel ports, USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt, video cards, monitors, and touchscreens. It discusses the components, connections,
The document discusses the various ports and connectors found on a computer motherboard. It defines a motherboard as the main circuit board in a computer that allows communication between components. It then describes different types of ports including serial ports, parallel ports, PS/2 ports, USB ports, VGA ports, modem ports, and game ports. It also discusses sockets, connectors, and the various connectors used for hard drives, floppy drives, peripherals, and power on a motherboard.
A motherboard is the central printed circuit board in modern computers that connects crucial components like the CPU, main memory, and expansion slots. It provides electrical connections for components to communicate and hosts peripherals. Common components directly connected to the motherboard include the microprocessor, RAM, chipset, BIOS, and power connectors. Expansion cards and peripheral devices can also connect via slots or cables. Modern motherboards include integrated functions like temperature sensors and fan control.
Computer hardware includes input devices, output devices, and storage devices. Input devices such as mice, keyboards, and webcams allow users to input data. Output devices like monitors, printers, and speakers allow the computer to output information to the user. Storage devices such as USB drives and diskettes are used to store data on the computer.
The document discusses expansion slots in computers. It lists the group members and then covers standards for expansion slots including PCI, PCI Express, and AGP. It describes the construction of expansion slots and cards including sound cards, network cards, video cards, and cards that take up multiple slots. Finally, it mentions external expansion buses like USB, Express Card, and PC Card that are commonly used for laptops.
This document defines and provides examples of various computer expansion components and peripherals. It discusses expansion slots on motherboards that can hold adapter cards to enhance system functions. Peripherals connect to the system unit and are controlled by the processor. Specific examples of peripherals include sound cards, video cards, removable flash memory like memory cards and USB drives, and PC Cards/ExpressCards that add capabilities when inserted into slots.
The document provides an overview of motherboards and their components. It discusses the different physical form factors of motherboards as well as the key components like the chipset, BIOS, and expansion slots. The roles of the chipset and controllers are explained, covering topics like processor support, memory support, I/O functions. CMOS settings and BIOS configuration are also covered, along with POST errors and system resources.
The document discusses various aspects of motherboards including form factors, sockets and CPUs, chipsets, bus speeds, memory, and slots and ports. It describes how motherboards contain the buses that allow data to travel between computer components. It provides details on common form factors, sockets that determine compatible CPUs, the chipset's role in allowing components to communicate, and the various slots and ports used to connect peripherals to the motherboard.
The document discusses various components of a motherboard including the CPU, expansion slots, expansion cards, RAM slots, ports, and connectors. The CPU controls the computer's operations and interprets basic instructions. Expansion slots allow additional capabilities to be added via cards. RAM slots hold the computer's memory. Ports and connectors allow peripherals to connect to the computer and send/receive data using various interfaces like serial, parallel, USB, FireWire, MIDI, SCSI, IrDA, and Bluetooth. The sound port transmits audio signals.
The document discusses the main components of a motherboard and their functions. It describes the CPU as the brain that executes instructions and performs calculations. RAM temporarily stores dynamic data to enhance performance. The BIOS controls hardware and interfaces with the operating system. Expansion buses allow adding features through adapter cards. The Northbridge controls transfers between the CPU and RAM, while the Southbridge handles communication with peripheral devices. It also discusses common computer cable types like VGA, HDMI, USB, IDE, SATA, FireWire, and Ethernet.
The motherboard form factor determines its physical size and shape. Larger form factors like ATX support more expansion slots but are more expensive, while smaller form factors have limited expansion but allow compact systems. Different form factors also require different case styles. Processor sockets house the CPU and connect it electrically to the motherboard, using various connection methods such as pin grid array or land grid array. Chipsets integrate multiple chips onto one, and earlier motherboards separated core functions between a north bridge and south bridge.
This document discusses various input devices for computers including keyboards, mice, barcode readers, cameras, microphones, MIDI devices, biometric scanners, and touch screens. It also covers transferring pictures/video and using a KVM switch to control multiple computers from one keyboard/mouse/monitor. The document includes questions and answers about KVM switch interfaces, RS-232 ports, touch screen calibration, and S-video connectors.
The document summarizes the key components and connectors found on a typical computer motherboard and briefly describes their functions:
The motherboard contains the CPU, RAM, BIOS chip, and connectors that allow other components like graphics cards, hard drives, fans, and I/O ports to connect and communicate. Key connectors include the 24-pin ATX power connector, front panel connectors for power/reset buttons and LEDs, CPU power and fan connectors, memory slots, PCI and PCIe slots for expansion cards, and rear I/O ports for connecting peripherals via USB, audio, video, LAN, and serial/parallel ports. The motherboard relies on the northbridge and southbridge chips to interface between these
The document summarizes various ports and connectors found on motherboards. It describes ports like VGA, PS/2, serial, USB, parallel, audio and network ports. It also discusses CPU sockets, RAM slots, expansion slots found on older and newer motherboards. Power connections from the SMPS like AT, ATX, Molex and mini connectors are explained. Other components discussed include CMOS battery, its errors and solutions.
“Computer is an electronic machine that can store, recall and process data. It can perform
tasks or complex calculation according to a set of instructions or programs. The terms and
definitions used in computer system
This document summarizes various computer connectors used for internal and external components. It describes common internal connectors like IDE, SATA, and USB. External connectors discussed include serial ports, parallel ports, keyboard, mouse, video display, Ethernet, and USB. Details are provided on the pin configurations and purposes of different connectors like RJ45 for Ethernet, D-shell for serial ports, and SATA versus IDE connectors for hard drives. In summary, it provides an overview of the most common connector types used in computer systems to connect various internal and external components.
The motherboard is the central component of a PC that connects all other major components. It contains various internal connectors for components like the CPU, memory, storage drives, graphics cards, and expansion slots. Understanding what each connector is used for helps with building and upgrading a PC. The document discusses different internal connectors on motherboards like the CPU socket, memory slots, power connectors, and various ports.
The document provides information about motherboard components and their functions, as well as how to troubleshoot motherboard failures. It discusses the main components of a motherboard including the back panel connectors, PCI slots, northbridge, southbridge, CPU socket, power connectors, and RAM slots. It then describes common motherboard failure symptoms and provides a multi-step process for troubleshooting, which involves checking for physical damage, voltages, and signals before attempting to replace failed components.
Expansion slots on a computer motherboard allow devices or expansion cards to attach and add new functionality. They provide flexibility by enabling hardware upgrades through installing items like modems, sound cards, and video cards. Common types included outdated ISA slots, standard PCI slots for connecting hardware like network and sound cards, and faster PCIe slots typically used for high-powered video cards. RAM slots are also used but do not add new functionality in the same way. Expansion slots overall help improve graphics, expand storage, and add new features and ports to a computer.
The document provides information about different types of motherboards including AT, ATX, and NLX motherboards. It discusses the key components and features of motherboards such as the CPU socket, memory slots, expansion slots, and power connectors. The steps for building a PC from individual components are outlined, with an emphasis on proper electrostatic discharge prevention procedures when handling components.
Introduction of Motherboard with labelling partsJanyabiPandit
The document discusses different types of motherboards and their components. It describes motherboards based on the devices they support like integrated vs non-integrated, form factors like AT and ATX, and uses like desktop, laptop and server. It explains the main components of a motherboard like the CPU socket, memory slots, expansion slots, chipset, BIOS, CMOS battery, input-output connectors and power connectors. The document provides details on these different components and their functions in powering and connecting the various parts of a computer system.
The motherboard is the main circuit board that connects and allows communication between all the components of a computer. It holds crucial parts like the CPU, memory, and connectors for input/output devices. The motherboard functions as the base for all other computer parts and its design depends on the type of CPU installed. It contains important components like the processor socket, power connectors, memory slots, expansion slots, BIOS, and connectors for storage devices, ports, and front panel components to allow the computer to function.
This document provides information about peripheral devices:
- It defines a peripheral as a hardware device controlled by software that is not part of the core computer architecture but expands its capabilities. Peripherals require hardware, firmware, device drivers, and available system resources.
- It discusses common consumer peripherals like printers, scanners, and mice and gives examples of business peripherals like routers and phones.
- It explains how technicians might install and configure peripheral devices, install drivers, and troubleshoot peripheral issues.
The document then provides details about specific peripheral types like serial and parallel ports, USB, FireWire, Thunderbolt, video cards, monitors, and touchscreens. It discusses the components, connections,
The document discusses the various ports and connectors found on a computer motherboard. It defines a motherboard as the main circuit board in a computer that allows communication between components. It then describes different types of ports including serial ports, parallel ports, PS/2 ports, USB ports, VGA ports, modem ports, and game ports. It also discusses sockets, connectors, and the various connectors used for hard drives, floppy drives, peripherals, and power on a motherboard.
Main components of a computerMultimedia devicesOther peripheral .pdfvenkt12345
Main components of a computer
Multimedia devices
Other peripheral devices
1) computer
2) monitor
3) hard disk/ hard drive
4) keyboard
5) mouse / trackball /
touch pad
1) CD-ROM / DVD drive
2) video card
3) soundcard
4) speakers
5) headphones / headset
6) microphone
1) printer
2) scanner
3) CD- burner (CD- recorder,
CD-R/CD-RW drive)
4) modem
5) USB flash drive
6) webcam
7) digital camera
8) digital voice recorder
9) camcorder
Floppy disk working mechanism
Floppy disks work in a similar manner to cassette tapes and the magnetic strip on a credit card.
The floppy disk is constructed of stur plastic that is embedded with a thin iron oxide coating on
both sides. The head of the floppy disk drive easily manipulates the magnetic coating on the disk
to store information. Information is recorded on circular tracks and triangular sections. A special
head in the drive erases the area to be written before recording occurs. This head is wider than
the head used for recording and reading information to ensure recorded information is not
contaminated from previous information recorded nearby.
When reading the disk, the head moves to the appropriate track and sector quickly without
touching the disk. This is an improvement over older cassette tape storage that required a rewind
or fast forward movement to retrieve information. Floppy disks contain a safety slide on the side
of the case. If the slide is moved to create an opening, the drive will not record on the disk.
Introduction
A peripheral is a piece of computer hardware that is added to a computer in order to expand its
abilities. The term peripheral is used to describe those devices that are optional in nature, as
opposed to hardware that is either demanded or always required in principle. There are all
different kinds of peripherals you can add your computer. The main disctinction among
peripherals is the way they are connected to your computer. They can be connected internally or
externally.
Buses
A bus is a subsystem that transfers data between computer components inside a computer or
between computers. Unlike a point-to-point connection, a bus can logically connect several
peripherals over the same set of wires. Each bus defines its set of connectors to physically plug
devices, cards or cables together. There are two types of buses: internal and external. Internal
buses are connections to various internal components. External buses are connections to various
external components. There are different kinds of slots that internal and external devices can
connect to.
Internal
Types of Slots
There are many different kinds of internal buses, but only a handful of popular ones. Different
computers come with different kinds and number of slots. It is important to know what kind and
number of slots you have on your computer before you go out and by a card that matches up to a
slot you don’t have.
PCI
PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is common in modern PCs. This kind of bus is being
succeeded by PCI.
The document is a computer presentation submitted by four students to Sir Muhammad Jabbar. It contains summaries of various computer hardware components including the motherboard, types of motherboards, buses, sockets, adapter cards, and the differences between command line interfaces and graphical user interfaces. The motherboard is described as the main circuit board that connects all computer components, and types of motherboards like ATX, Micro ATX, and NLX are summarized.
The document provides information about the hardware components of a computer system. It discusses the system unit and its main parts including the motherboard, microprocessor, memory chips, buses, ports, and expansion slots. It describes the motherboard in more detail and lists common motherboard sizes. It also discusses other internal components like the hard drive, power supply, central processing unit, random access memory, optical drives, expansion slots, and expansion cards. External components and ports are briefly covered as well.
The document discusses various computer interfaces and bus architectures. It describes interfaces such as USB, FireWire, SCSI, IDE, SATA, serial/parallel, analog/digital. It also covers different types of computer buses like ISA, EISA, PCI, AGP, and system buses. Peripheral devices connect to computers via these various interfaces and buses.
The document provides information about various computer hardware components and their functions. It explains that the CPU processes instructions, RAM temporarily stores data and programs, storage devices like hard drives and SSDs permanently store data, and the motherboard connects all the components. Graphics cards generate video output, sound cards facilitate audio input/output, and peripherals like monitors, keyboards, mice, printers, and webcams enable user input and output.
The motherboard is the main circuit board in a computer that connects the central processing unit and memory to other components like storage drives, expansion cards, and ports. It contains connectors for components like the CPU, memory, graphics cards, and hard drives. Key parts of the motherboard include slots for RAM, the chipset, PCI and AGP slots for expansion cards, and connectors for components like displays, USB ports, and sound cards.
A motherboard is the central circuit board of a computer system and provides connections for other components to communicate. During the late 1980s and 1990s, more peripheral functions were added to motherboards. Popular computers like the Apple II and IBM PC used documentation to allow third parties to make compatible motherboards. A motherboard's functions include acting as the main communication hub between components and housing the BIOS. Different types of motherboards include XT, AT, baby AT and current ATX motherboards, which have evolved over time to support newer components and standards.
Comptia A+ Exam Notes for Core 1 and . Core 2anandsoft0
Comptia A+ exam cram notes is free and useful for candidates preparing for the exam. The advantages of a+ cram notes are given below:
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The motherboard is the main circuit board in an electronic device that contains sockets for additional boards. It holds the CPU, memory slots, and has controllers for connecting the power supply, hard drive, optical drives, and other components. Newer motherboards use serial connections like SATA while older ones use IDE, and they provide expansion slots for graphics cards and peripherals using standards like PCIe, PCI, and AGP.
The document provides an overview of the key components of a computer system, including the input and output units, memory, central processing unit, and various ports. It describes the functions of these components and how they work together to process data and perform tasks.
This document provides an overview of basic computer hardware components. It discusses the processor, RAM, ROM, motherboard, hard disk, video and sound cards, ports, BIOS, peripherals, and the computer case. It describes the functions of these core components and how they work together to make a computer system function. Troubleshooting tips are also provided for common issues like a computer that fails to start up or has no video output.
This document provides an overview of computer hardware components. It discusses the processor, RAM, ROM, motherboard, hard disk, graphics and sound cards, ports, BIOS, peripherals, and the computer case. The key components that make up a basic computer system are the processor, RAM, hard disk, motherboard, and power supply. Additional components like graphics cards, sound cards, and network cards can be added for enhanced functionality. The document also briefly touches on troubleshooting by checking connections and swap testing components.
The document provides information on several topics related to IT and networking:
1. It discusses the components of a motherboard including the north bridge and south bridge, and their functions.
2. It provides steps for performing a zero-level format of a hard drive using Windows 98.
3. It describes different types of RAID configurations (RAID 0-10) and their characteristics in terms of performance and fault tolerance.
The document provides information about organizing an ESDP (Enterprise Skill Development Program) on computer hardware maintenance and networking from August 27th to October 8th 2014 in Kakinada, India. It then discusses the main hardware components of a computer including the system unit, motherboard, CPU, RAM, expansion cards, storage devices, optical drives, sound cards, and network interface cards.
INTRODUCTION TO ICT RESOURCE (O LEVEL)
ICT IS SUBJECT IN O LEVEL COURSE BY NIELIT
(All Pictures and information are collected by Mobile and Google, Learning Websites,Book,etc)
The document discusses the components of a motherboard and their functions. It defines the motherboard as the central component that connects all other computer parts. It then lists and describes key components such as the CPU socket, RAM slots, BIOS, CMOS battery, PCI slots, power connectors, chipsets, ports and their roles in powering and facilitating communication between parts. Learning activities include labeling a diagram of motherboard components and explaining their purposes and importance.
Similar to Computer hardware by heera computer (20)
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
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Central Processing Unit
The microprocessor consists of three sections:
1.Arithmetic Logic Unit
2.Registers
3.Control Unit
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Keyboard
The keys on computer keyboards are
often classified as follows:
alphanumeric keys -- letters and
numbers
punctuation keys -- comma, period,
semicolon, and so on.
special keys -- function keys, control
keys, arrow keys, Caps Lock key, and so
on
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Mouse
A device that controls the
movement of the cursor or
pointer on a display screen. A
mouse is a small object you can
roll along a hard, flat surface.
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Mouse
There are three basic types of
mouse
mechanical: Has a rubber or metal ball on its
underside that can roll in all directions
optomechanical: Same as a mechanical mouse, but
uses optical sensors to detect motion of the ball.
optical: Uses a laser to detect the mouse's movement
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RAM
RAM, or Random-Access-Memory, is
a type of memory that accesses faster
than main memory (like a hard drive),
but that only stores data while the
computer is turned on. It is normally
used to store the program that your
computer is currently running, and any
data that program needs.
RAM is divided into small blocks of
data, each of which can be accessed by
a unique number, called an address.
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Monitor
The computer screen is used
for outputting information
in an understandable
format.
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Floppy drive
Storage Devices -- "How it saves data and
programs“
- - Hard disk drives are an internal,
higher capacity drive which also stores the
operating system which runs when you power
on the computer.-
"Floppy" disk drives allow you to save
work on small disks and take the data with
you.
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Diskettes (Floppy Disks)
Speed:
Very slow!
Capacity:
Normally 1.44 Mbytes.
Cost:
Very cheap.
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Hard Disks
Hard Disks
Speed:
fast!
The speed of a hard disk is often quoted as "average
access time" speed, measured in milliseconds. The
smaller this number the faster the disk.
Capacity:
Enormous! Often 40/80 Gigabytes. A Gigabyte is
equivalent to 1024 Megabytes.
Cost:
Hard disks costs are falling rapidly and normally
represent the cheapest way of storing data.
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CD-ROM drive
They are disc drives which read
Compact Discs (CDs). They are
transportable and can be used to
perform various tasks such as
reading data from the computer
and listening to audio.
Data is written on a CD by
burning pits into the disc to
produce non-reflective areas.
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DVD Drives
Computer DVD drives can be used
to watch DVD video, play audio
CDs and store information on DVDs
and CDs. DVD drives are now
being installed in new computers
instead of CD drives.
Computer DVD drives are able to
read data stored on CD-ROMS and
DVDs and can play both video and
audio DVDs. CD-ROM drives
cannot read DVDs.
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MOTHERBOARD
The motherboard
contains the connectors
for attaching additional
boards, such as the
CPU, BIOS, memory,
mass storage interfaces,
serial and parallel ports,
expansion slots and all
the controllers that are
required to control
standard peripheral
devices such as the
display screen,
keyboard, and hard
drive.
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INTRODUCTION
THERE ARE
VARIOUS
PORTS AND
SLOTS ARE
GIVEN ALONG
WITH LABELED
PHOTOGRAPH
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Universal Serial Bus
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a
serial bus standard to interface
devices. USB was designed to
allow many peripherals to be
connected using a single
standardized interface socket and
to improve the plug-and-play
capabilities by allowing devices to
be connected and disconnected
without rebooting the computer (
hot swapping).
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P.C.I PORTS OR SLOTS
16 serial ports available from one
PCI slot
Data transfer rate up to 115.2 Kbps
asynchronous, full duplex,
simultaneously on all ports
Full modem support on all ports
128 bytes data buffer on each
channel
On board hardware and software
flow control on all ports
Driver support for SPARC, Solaris,
X86 Solaris, Window 98-2000, and
Linux operating systems
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MEMORY CARD SLOT
Memory card slots are used
primarily to add memory to a phone,
in the form of a memory card. Extra
memory can be used to store and
transfer photos, videos, music,
computer files, or backups of phone
data such as the phone book and
calendar.
There are several different types of
cards. Each has a different shape
and size, but cards from a phone
can also be used with other devices
which use the same type of card.
Such devices might include
handhelds, digital cameras, and
MP3 music players.
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PS/2 connector
The PS/2 connector is used for
connecting some keyboards and mice to
a PC compatible computer system. Its
name comes from the
IBM Personal System/2 series of
personal computers, with which it was
introduced in 1987. The PS/2 mouse
connector generally replaced the older
DE-9 RS-232 "serial mouse" connector,
while the keyboard connector replaced
the larger 5-pin DIN used in the
IBM PC/AT design. The keyboard and
mouse interfaces are electrically similar
with the main difference being that
open collector outputs are required on
both ends of the keyboard interface to
allow bidirectional communication. If a
PS/2 mouse is connected to a PS/2
keyboard port (or if a PS/2 keyboard is
connected to a PS/2 mouse port), the
mouse (or keyboard) may not be
recognized by the computer depending
on configuration.
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AUDIO, MIC & LINE JACK
The JACK Audio
Connection Kit or JACK is
a sound server daemon that
provides low latency
connections between so-
called jackified applications,
for both audio and MIDI
data. It is created by
Paul Davis and others. The
server is licensed under the
GNU GPL, while the library
is licensed under the
GNU LGPL.
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PARALLEL PORTS
A parallel port is a type of
interface found on
computers (personal and
otherwise) for connecting
various peripherals. It is also
known as a printer port or
Centronics port . The IEEE
1284 standard defines the
bi-directional version of the
port.
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ETHERNET PORTS
Ethernet is the most common
type of connection computers
use in a local area network
(LAN). An Ethernet port looks
much like a regular phone
jack, but it is slightly wider.
This port can be used to
connect your computer to
another computer, a local
network, or an external DSL
or cable modem
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VGA PORT
Connect a PC to a monitor. This
is a venerable but now completely
standard monitor interface. The
original VGA monitors could do no
more than 640x480. During the
mid 1990's, more advanced
monitors were called "SVGA" (for
Super). Since all monitors can
display more than 640x480 today,
the two terms are now
interchangable.
This HDD-15 port seems to have
evolved facing upside-down on
most machines.
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HUBS
A network hub or concentrator is a
device for connecting multiple twisted
pair or fiber optic Ethernet devices
together, making them act as a single
network segment. Hubs work at the
physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI
model, and the term layer 1 switch is
often used interchangeably with hub.
The device is thus a form of multiport
repeater. Network hubs are also
responsible for forwarding a jam signal
to all ports if it detects a collision.
Hubs also often come with a BNC
and/or AUI connector to allow
connection to legacy 10BASE2 or
10BASE5 network segments. The
availability of low-priced network
switches has largely rendered hubs
obsolete but they are still seen in older
installations and more specialized
applications.
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Technical Information
A hubbed Ethernet network behaves like a shared-medium, that is,
only one device can successfully transmit at a time and each host
remains responsible for collision detection and retransmission.
With 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T links (which generally account for
most or all of the ports on a hub) there are separate pairs for
transmit and receive but they are used in half duplex mode in
which they still effectively behave like shared medium links.
A network hub or repeater, is a fairly unsophisticated broadcast
device. Hubs do not manage any of the traffic that comes through
them, and any packet entering any port is broadcast out on every
other port (other than the port of entry). Since every packet is
being sent out through every other port, packet collisions result--
which greatly impedes the smooth flow of traffic.
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The need for hosts to be able to detect collisions limits the number of hubs and
the total size of the network. For 10 Mbit/s networks, up to 5 segments (4 hubs)
are allowed between any two end stations. For 100 Mbit/s networks, the limit is
reduced to 3 segments (2 hubs) between any two end stations, and even that is
only allowed if the hubs are of the low delay variety. Some hubs have special (and
generally manufacturer specific) stack ports allowing them to be combined in a
way that allows more hubs than simple chaining through Ethernet cables, but
even so a large Fast Ethernet network is likely to require switches to avoid the
chaining limits of hubs.
Most hubs detect typical problems, such as excessive collisions on individual
ports, and partition the port, disconnecting it from the shared medium. Thus,
hub-based Ethernet is generally more robust than coaxial cable-based Ethernet,
where a misbehaving device can disable the entire segment. Even if not
partitioned automatically, a hub makes troubleshooting easier because status
lights can indicate the possible problem source or, as a last resort, devices can
be disconnected from a hub one at a time much more easily than a coaxial cable.
They also remove the need to troubleshoot faults on a huge cable with multiple
taps.
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Dual speed hubs
In their early days, Fast Ethernet switches were relatively expensive .
However, hubs suffered from the problem that as simple repeaters they
could only support a single speed. Whilst normal PCs with expansion slots
could be easily upgraded to Fast Ethernet with a new network card,
computers with less common expansion mechanisms, or no expansion bus at
all, and other equipment, such as printers, could be expensive or impossible
to upgrade. Therefore, a compromise between a hub and a switch appeared
known as a "dual speed hub".
Such a device essentially consisted of two hubs (one of each speed) and a
two port bridge between them. Devices were connected to the appropriate
hub automatically based on their speed and the bridge handled inter-speed
traffic. Since the bridge only had two ports and only one of those needed
to be 100Mbit/s it could be much simpler and cheaper than a full fast
Ethernet switch. Such devices have been rendered obsolete by the
decreasing cost of fast Ethernet switches
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Connectors
An connector is a conductive device for joining electrical circuits together.
The connection may be temporary, as for portable equipment, or may
require a tool for assembly and removal, or may be a permanent electrical
joint between two wires or devices. There are hundreds of types of
electrical connectors. In computing, an electrical connector can also be
known as a physical interface. Connectors may join two lengths of flexible
wire or cable, or may connect a wire or cable to an electrical terminal.
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Commonly used connectors
1. 8P8C connector
8P8C is short for "eight positions,
eight conductors", and so an 8P8C
modular connector (plug or jack) is a
modular connector with eight
positions, all containing conductors.
The 8P8C modular plugs and jacks look
very similar to the plugs and jacks
used for FCC's registered jack RJ45
variants, although the true and
extremely uncommon RJ45 is not
really compatible with 8P8C modular
connectors. It neither uses all eight
conductors (but only two of them for
wires plus two for shorting a
programming resistor) nor does it fit
into 8P8C because the true RJ45 is
"keyed". The connector is probably
most famous for its use in Ethernet
and widely used on CAT5 cables.
8P8C connector
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2.D-subminiature connectors
A male DE-9 plug.
The D-subminiature electrical connector is
commonly used for the RS 232 serial port on
modems and IBM compatible computers. The
D-subminiature connector is used in many
different applications, for computers,
telecommunications, and test and
measurement instruments. A few examples
are monitors the and joysticks and mice, and
game consoles such as Atari, Sega and Amiga.
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3. USB connectors
A male USB series A plug
The Universal Serial Bus is a serial bus
standard to interface devices, founded in
1996. It is currently widely used among PCs,
Apple Macintosh and many other devices.
There are several types of USB connectors,
and some have been added as the
specification has progressed. The most
commonly used is the (male) series "A" plug on
peripherals, when the cable is fixed to the
peripheral. If there is no cable fixed to the
peripheral, the peripheral always needs to
have a USB "B" socket. In this case a USB "A"
plug to a USB "B" plug cable would be needed.
USB "A" sockets are always used on the host
PC and the USB "B" sockets on the
peripherals. It is a 4-pin connector,
surrounded by a shield. There are several
other connectors in use, the mini-A, mini- B
and mini-AB plug and socket (added in the On-
The-Go Supplement to the USB 2.0
Specification).
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4. Power connectors
Power connectors often include a safety ground connection as well as the power conductors.
In larger sizes, these connectors must also safely contain any arc produced when an
energized circuit is disconnected or may require interlocking to prevent opening a live
circuit.
5.Radio frequency connectors
Connectors used at radio frequencies must not change the impedance of the transmission line
of which they are part, otherwise reflections and losses will result. A radio-frequency
connector must not allow external signals into the circuit, and must prevent leakage of
energy out of the circuit. At lower radio frequencies simple connectors can be used with
success, but as the radio frequency increases (so that the dimensions of the connector are
getting close to a small fraction of one wavelength, connector design becomes increasingly
critical. At UHF and above, silver-plating of connectors is common to reduce losses.
For Wi-Fi antennae the R-TNC connectors are used. A BNC connector is common for radio
and test equipment used up to about 1 GHz.